mbandhingaké kalium lan Hafnium
Tabel périodik
Symbol
K
Hf
Panggil Group
1
17
4
14
Panggil periode
4
6
Block
s pemblokiran
d block
Family unsur
alkali
transisi Metal
CAS Number
7440097
99+
7440586
30
Jeneng papan Group
3M Im_
P63 / mmc
Space Group Number
229.00
1
194.00
5
facts
Facts Interesting
- Ing dhaptar paling unsur KALUBÈRAN kalium wis ditingkat 7th.
- Kalium bisa gampang ngiris (disigar) mudhun nggunakake piso.
- Hafnium logam reaktif, Empu ora ketemu gratis ing alam.
- metal Hafnium minangka predicated sawise Mendeleev rampung tabel périodik kang.
sumber
Found in Minerals, Mining
Miturut-produk Nyaring panggolekan Zirconium
History
sing katutup
Humphry Davy
Dirk Coster and George de Hevesy
Discovery
1807
ing taun 1922
turah mbrawah
Turah mbrawah Ing Universe
3 * 10-4 %
9
7 * 10-8 %
25
Turah mbrawah Ing Sun
~0.0004 %
9
~0.0000001 %
26
Turah mbrawah Ing meteorit
0.07 %
9
0.00 %
37
Turah mbrawah Ing bumi lemah ndhuwur
1.50 %
6
0.00 %
31
Turah mbrawah Ing Segara
0.04 %
3
0.00 %
27
Turah mbrawah Ing Manungsa
0.20 %
2
ora Sumadhiya
ulah
Ulah lan Wuku
- senyawa kalium kang ana ing dhuwur dikarepake kanggo aplikasi ing Manufaktur pupuk.
- Kalium karbonat digunakake ing Manufaktur kaca lan kalium karbonat ing Manufaktur deterjen lan awak wisuh.
Character length exceed error
Ulah Industrial
Industry amunisi, Industri Kimia
Industry amunisi
Ulah Medical
Industry Pharmaceutical
NA
Ulah liyane
NA
wesi, Ing Reactors Nuclear, Nuclear Riset, tujuan Research
Properties biologi
keracunan
Toxic
Toxic
Saiki ing badan Human
Ya
Ora
Sang
1,620.00 Sang / mg dm-3
2
ora Sumadhiya
ing Bone
2,100.00 ppm
3
ora Sumadhiya
fisik Properties
leleh Point
63.65 ° C
99+
2,150.00 ° C
10
Boiling Point
774.00 ° C
99+
5,400.00 ° C
5
katon
State fisik
Solid
Solid
warna
perak Gray
Gray
luster
NA
metallic
atose
Mohs atose
0.40
23
5.50
7
Brinell atose
0.36 MPa
99+
1,450.00 MPa
6
Vickers atose
ora Sumadhiya
1,520.00 MPa
5
Kacepetan swara
2,000.00 m / s
99+
3,010.00 m / s
27
Properties Optical
allotropes
Ora
Ora
α allotropes
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
β allotropes
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
γ allotropes
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
Kimia Properties
Formula Kimia
K
Hf
isotop
Isotop dikenal
20
19
32
7
keelektronegatifan
Pauling Elektronegativitas
0.82
99+
1.30
32
Sanderson Elektronegativitas
0.45
31
ora Sumadhiya
Allred Rochow Elektronegativitas
0.91
39
1.23
25
Mulliken-Jaffe Elektronegativitas
0.73
23
ora Sumadhiya
Allen Elektronegativitas
0.73
99+
1.16
37
Electropositivity
Pauling Electropositivity
3.18
3
2.70
22
tenogo ionisasi
Level Energy 1st
418.80 kJ / mol
99+
658.50 kJ / mol
40
Level Energy 2
3,052.00 kJ / mol
5
1,440.00 kJ / mol
99+
Level Energy 3rd
4,420.00 kJ / mol
8
2,250.00 kJ / mol
99+
Level Energy 4
5,877.00 kJ / mol
9
3,216.00 kJ / mol
99+
Level Energy 5th
7,975.00 kJ / mol
8
ora Sumadhiya
Level Energy 6th
9,590.00 kJ / mol
13
ora Sumadhiya
tingkat Energy 7
11,343.00 kJ / mol
17
ora Sumadhiya
Level Energy 8
14,944.00 kJ / mol
13
ora Sumadhiya
Level Energy 9
16,963.70 kJ / mol
15
ora Sumadhiya
Level Energy 10th
48,610.00 kJ / mol
3
ora Sumadhiya
Level Energy 11
54,490.00 kJ / mol
4
ora Sumadhiya
Level Energy 12
60,730.00 kJ / mol
4
ora Sumadhiya
Level Energy 13
68,950.00 kJ / mol
4
ora Sumadhiya
Level Energy 14
75,900.00 kJ / mol
5
ora Sumadhiya
Level Energy 15
83,080.00 kJ / mol
6
ora Sumadhiya
Level Energy 16
93,400.00 kJ / mol
7
ora Sumadhiya
Level Energy 17
99,710.00 kJ / mol
8
ora Sumadhiya
padha karo elektrokimia
1.46 g / amp-day
99+
1.66 g / amp-day
99+
Fungsi Work elektron
2.30 eV
99+
3.90 eV
27
Properties Kimia liyane
Kimia Stabilitas, Flammability, ionisasi, kelarutan
anti Corrosion, ionisasi, Isotop radioaktif, kelarutan
atom Properties
Panggil atom
19
99+
72
99+
Konfigurasi elektron
[Ar] 4s 1
[Xe] 4F 14 5d 2 6s 2
Struktur Crystal
Body tengah kubik (Bcc)
Hexagonal Tutup dikempalken (HCP)
Crystal pola
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100
atom
Jumlah proton
19
99+
72
99+
Jumlah Neutron
20
99+
106
29
Jumlah Èlèktron
19
99+
72
99+
Radius saka Atom
Radius atom
227.00 pm
3
159.00 pm
28
kovalen Radius
203.00 pm
9
175.00 pm
23
Van der Waals Radius
275.00 pm
5
200.00 pm
28
Bobot atom
39.10 Amu
99+
178.49 Amu
39
Volume atom
45.46 cm3 / mol
3
13.60 cm3 / mol
38
Nomer atom jejer
Potensi Valence Electron
10.40 (-eV)
99+
81.00 (-eV)
16
Constant pola
532.80 pm
12
319.64 pm
99+
pola Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
Pola C / A rasio
ora Sumadhiya
1.58
12
Teknik Properties
Kapadhetan
Kapadhetan Ing suhu kamar
0.86 g / cm 3
99+
13.31 g / cm 3
26
Kapadhetan Nalika Liquid (ing mp)
0.83 g / cm3
99+
12.00 g / cm3
12
Strength tensile
ora Sumadhiya
445.00 MPa
8
viskositas
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
meksa beluk
Meksa beluk ing 2000 K
ora Sumadhiya
0.00 (Pa)
24
situs kelenturan
nyukur pengaturan
1.30 GPA
99+
30.00 GPA
23
pengaturan akeh
3.10 GPA
99+
110.00 GPA
15
Young kang pengaturan
3.53 GPA
99+
78.00 GPA
25
Poisson rasio
ora Sumadhiya
0.37
7
Properties Teknik liyane
NA
ductile, malleable
Magnetic Properties
Ciri Magnetic
Gravitasi tartamtu
0.86
99+
13.31
18
Nindakake Magnetic
paramagnetic
paramagnetic
Properties Listrik
Property Listrik
Arman
Arman
resistivity
72.00 nΩ · m
37
331.00 nΩ · m
14
konduktivitas listrik
0.14 10 6 / cm Ω
14
0.03 10 6 / cm Ω
39
elektron Affinity
48.40 kJ / mol
22
0.00 kJ / mol
40
termal Properties
Kalor tartamtu
0.75 J / (kg K)
6
0.14 J / (kg K)
37
Graham Kapasitas kalor
29.60 J / mol · K
6
25.73 J / mol · K
36
doyo termal
102.50 W / m · K
15
23.00 W / m · K
99+
suhu kritis
2,223.00 K
3
ora Sumadhiya
Expansion termal
83.30 μm / (m · K)
3
5.90 μm / (m · K)
99+
enthalpy
Enthalpy panguapan
77.50 kJ / mol
99+
661.10 kJ / mol
5
Enthalpy saka Fusion
2.32 kJ / mol
99+
25.10 kJ / mol
8
Enthalpy saka atomization
89.50 kJ / mol
99+
703.00 kJ / mol
5
Standard molar Entropy
64.70 J / mol.K
18
43.60 J / mol.K
34
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