mbandhingaké kobalt lan Yttrium
Tabel périodik
Symbol
Co
Y
Panggil Group
9
9
3
15
Panggil periode
4
5
Block
d block
d block
Family unsur
transisi Metal
transisi Metal
CAS Number
7440484
38
7440655
25
Jeneng papan Group
P63 / mmc
P63 / mmc
Space Group Number
194.00
5
194.00
5
facts
Facts Interesting
Character length exceed error
- Yttrium Metal punika Highly beracun.
- Yttrium Metal punika reaktif ing alam Empu ora ketemu gratis ing alam.
sumber
Found in Senyawa, Mining, Ores saka Minerals
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores saka Minerals
History
sing katutup
Georg Brandt
Johan Gadolin
Discovery
ing 1732
ing taun 1794
turah mbrawah
Turah mbrawah Ing Universe
3 * 10-4 %
9
7 * 10-7 %
17
Turah mbrawah Ing Sun
~0.0004 %
9
~0.0000001 %
26
Turah mbrawah Ing meteorit
0.06 %
10
0.00 %
21
Turah mbrawah Ing bumi lemah ndhuwur
0.00 %
21
0.00 %
22
Turah mbrawah Ing Segara
0.00 %
20
0.00 %
25
Turah mbrawah Ing Manungsa
0.00 %
17
ora Sumadhiya
ulah
Ulah lan Wuku
- Sawijining wesi aluminium lan nikel sing digunakake kanggo nggawe wesi sembrani kuat.
- Sawetara wesi liyane ngetokne kekuatan-suhu dhuwur lan Empu padha digunakake ing Turbines saka Jet lan Gas engine.
- metal Yttrium digunakake ing wesi beda, minangka mundhak kekuatan aluminium Magnesium. Kang digunakake kanggo Filter Radar gelombang mikro.
- Sampeyan uga dipigunakaké minangka katalis ing ethene polymerisation.
Ulah Industrial
Industri Kimia, Industry Listrik, Industry Elektronik
Industry Listrik, Industry Elektronik
Ulah Medical
Industry Pharmaceutical
NA
Ulah liyane
wesi
wesi
Properties biologi
keracunan
Toxic
Highly Toxic
Saiki ing badan Human
Ya
Ya
Sang
0.04 Sang / mg dm-3
18
0.00 Sang / mg dm-3
26
ing Bone
0.04 ppm
27
0.07 ppm
25
fisik Properties
leleh Point
1,495.00 ° C
29
1,523.00 ° C
27
Boiling Point
2,870.00 ° C
34
3,337.00 ° C
21
katon
State fisik
Solid
Solid
warna
Gray
perak Putih
luster
metallic
NA
atose
Mohs atose
5.00
8
ora Sumadhiya
Brinell atose
470.00 MPa
26
589.00 MPa
22
Vickers atose
1,043.00 MPa
11
ora Sumadhiya
Kacepetan swara
4,720.00 m / s
14
3,300.00 m / s
23
Properties Optical
reflectivity
67.00 %
11
ora Sumadhiya
allotropes
Ya
Ora
α allotropes
α-kobalt
ora Sumadhiya
β allotropes
β-kobalt
ora Sumadhiya
γ allotropes
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
Kimia Properties
Formula Kimia
Co
Y
isotop
Isotop dikenal
26
13
19
20
keelektronegatifan
Pauling Elektronegativitas
1.88
12
1.22
38
Sanderson Elektronegativitas
2.56
1
0.65
29
Allred Rochow Elektronegativitas
1.70
5
1.11
29
Allen Elektronegativitas
1.84
10
1.12
38
Electropositivity
Pauling Electropositivity
2.12
99+
2.78
16
tenogo ionisasi
Level Energy 1st
760.40 kJ / mol
19
600.00 kJ / mol
99+
Level Energy 2
1,648.00 kJ / mol
31
1,180.00 kJ / mol
99+
Level Energy 3rd
3,232.00 kJ / mol
22
1,980.00 kJ / mol
99+
Level Energy 4
4,950.00 kJ / mol
19
5,847.00 kJ / mol
10
Level Energy 5th
7,670.00 kJ / mol
12
7,430.00 kJ / mol
14
Level Energy 6th
9,840.00 kJ / mol
12
8,970.00 kJ / mol
17
tingkat Energy 7
12,440.00 kJ / mol
11
11,190.00 kJ / mol
18
Level Energy 8
15,230.00 kJ / mol
12
12,450.00 kJ / mol
18
Level Energy 9
17,959.00 kJ / mol
13
14,110.00 kJ / mol
19
Level Energy 10th
26,570.00 kJ / mol
7
18,400.00 kJ / mol
17
Level Energy 11
29,400.00 kJ / mol
8
19,900.00 kJ / mol
18
Level Energy 12
32,400.00 kJ / mol
8
36,090.00 kJ / mol
5
Level Energy 13
36,600.00 kJ / mol
8
ora Sumadhiya
Level Energy 14
39,700.00 kJ / mol
9
ora Sumadhiya
Level Energy 15
42,800.00 kJ / mol
12
ora Sumadhiya
Level Energy 16
49,396.00 kJ / mol
11
ora Sumadhiya
Level Energy 17
52,737.00 kJ / mol
13
ora Sumadhiya
Level Energy 18
134,810.00 kJ / mol
1
ora Sumadhiya
Level Energy 19
145,170.00 kJ / mol
2
ora Sumadhiya
Level Energy 20
154,700.00 kJ / mol
4
ora Sumadhiya
Level Energy 21
167,400.00 kJ / mol
4
ora Sumadhiya
Level Energy 22
178,100.00 kJ / mol
3
ora Sumadhiya
Level Energy 23rd
189,300.00 kJ / mol
3
ora Sumadhiya
padha karo elektrokimia
1.10 g / amp-day
99+
1.11 g / amp-day
99+
Fungsi Work elektron
5.00 eV
5
3.10 eV
35
Properties Kimia liyane
Kimia Stabilitas, ionisasi
Kimia Stabilitas, kebakar, ionisasi, Isotop radioaktif, kelarutan
atom Properties
Panggil atom
22
99+
39
99+
Konfigurasi elektron
[Ar] 3d 2 4s 2
[Kr] 4d 1 5S 2
Struktur Crystal
Hexagonal Tutup dikempalken (HCP)
Hexagonal Tutup dikempalken (HCP)
Crystal pola
HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Cobalt.jpg#100
HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Yttrium.jpg#100
atom
Jumlah proton
22
99+
39
99+
Jumlah Neutron
26
99+
50
99+
Jumlah Èlèktron
22
99+
39
99+
Radius saka Atom
Radius atom
147.00 pm
34
180.00 pm
14
kovalen Radius
160.00 pm
30
190.00 pm
18
Van der Waals Radius
200.00 pm
28
200.00 pm
28
Bobot atom
47.87 Amu
99+
88.91 Amu
99+
Volume atom
10.64 cm3 / mol
99+
19.80 cm3 / mol
21
Nomer atom jejer
Potensi Valence Electron
95.20 (-eV)
10
48.00 (-eV)
30
Constant pola
295.08 pm
99+
364.74 pm
31
pola Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
Pola C / A rasio
ora Sumadhiya
1.57
16
Teknik Properties
Kapadhetan
Kapadhetan Ing suhu kamar
4.51 g / cm 3
99+
4.47 g / cm 3
99+
Kapadhetan Nalika Liquid (ing mp)
4.11 g / cm3
99+
4.24 g / cm3
99+
Strength tensile
434.00 MPa
9
ora Sumadhiya
viskositas
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
meksa beluk
Meksa beluk ing 1000 K
ora Sumadhiya
0.00 (Pa)
32
Meksa beluk ing 2000 K
0.98 (Pa)
14
4.27 (Pa)
10
situs kelenturan
nyukur pengaturan
44.00 GPA
17
25.60 GPA
30
pengaturan akeh
110.00 GPA
15
41.20 GPA
30
Young kang pengaturan
116.00 GPA
18
63.50 GPA
32
Poisson rasio
0.32
12
0.24
26
Properties Teknik liyane
ductile
ductile
Magnetic Properties
Ciri Magnetic
Gravitasi tartamtu
4,500.00
1
4.47
99+
Nindakake Magnetic
paramagnetic
paramagnetic
Properties Listrik
Property Listrik
Arman miskin
Arman
resistivity
420.00 nΩ · m
12
596.00 nΩ · m
8
konduktivitas listrik
0.02 10 6 / cm Ω
99+
0.02 10 6 / cm Ω
99+
elektron Affinity
7.60 kJ / mol
37
29.60 kJ / mol
30
termal Properties
Kalor tartamtu
0.52 J / (kg K)
9
0.30 J / (kg K)
18
Graham Kapasitas kalor
25.06 J / mol · K
99+
26.53 J / mol · K
27
doyo termal
21.90 W / m · K
99+
17.20 W / m · K
99+
suhu kritis
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
Expansion termal
8.60 μm / (m · K)
99+
10.60 μm / (m · K)
37
enthalpy
Enthalpy panguapan
429.00 kJ / mol
15
393.00 kJ / mol
18
Enthalpy saka Fusion
15.48 kJ / mol
19
17.15 kJ / mol
16
Enthalpy saka atomization
468.60 kJ / mol
15
418.00 kJ / mol
18
Standard molar Entropy
27.30 J / mol.K
99+
44.40 J / mol.K
33
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