krom

kobalt

mbandhingaké krom lan kobalt

krom

kobalt

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1 Tabel périodik

1.1 Symbol

1.2 Panggil Group

0 17

1.3 Panggil periode

2 7

1.4 Block

d block

1.5 Family unsur

transisi Metal

1.6 CAS Number

74404737440484

7429905 54386242

1.7 Jeneng papan Group

3M Im_

P63 / mmc

1.8 Space Group Number

229.00194.00

11 229

2 facts

2.1 Facts Interesting

Krom punika reaktif, Empu durung ketemu gratis ing alam.

Ores saka Chromites Mineral sing sumber utama saka logam Krom.

Meh 90% penyamakan kulit wis rampung karo bantuan saka krom.

Character length exceed error

2.2 sumber

Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores logam, Ores saka Minerals

Found in Senyawa, Mining, Ores saka Minerals

2.3 History

2.3.1 sing katutup

Louis Nicolas Vauquelin

Georg Brandt

2.3.2 Discovery

Ing Antarane 1797 - 1798

ing 1732

2.4 turah mbrawah

2.4.1 Turah mbrawah Ing Universe

1.5 * 10^-3 %3 * 10^-4 %

5E-09 0.11

2.4.2 Turah mbrawah Ing Sun

~0.002 %~0.0004 %

1E-08 0.1

2.4.3 Turah mbrawah Ing meteorit

0.30 %0.06 %

1.7E-07 22

2.4.4 Turah mbrawah Ing bumi lemah ndhuwur

0.01 %0.00 %

9.9E-12 8.1

2.4.5 Turah mbrawah Ing Segara

0.00 %0.00 %

2E-23 1.1

2.4.6 Turah mbrawah Ing Manungsa

0.00 %0.00 %

1E-13 1.4

3 ulah

3.1 Ulah lan Wuku

Character length exceed error

Sawijining wesi aluminium lan nikel sing digunakake kanggo nggawe wesi sembrani kuat.
Sawetara wesi liyane ngetokne kekuatan-suhu dhuwur lan Empu padha digunakake ing Turbines saka Jet lan Gas engine.

3.1.1 Ulah Industrial

Industry automobile, Industri Kimia

Industri Kimia, Industry Listrik, Industry Elektronik

3.1.2 Ulah Medical

Industry Pharmaceutical

3.1.3 Ulah liyane

wesi

3.2 Properties biologi

3.2.1 keracunan

Highly Toxic

Toxic

3.2.2 Saiki ing badan Human

3.2.3 Sang

0.11 Sang / mg dm-30.04 Sang / mg dm-3

0 1970

3.2.4 ing Bone

0.33 ppm0.04 ppm

0 170000

4 fisik

4.1 leleh Point

1,857.00 ° C1,495.00 ° C

27 3410

4.2 Boiling Point

2,672.00 ° C2,870.00 ° C

147 5660

4.3 katon

4.3.1 State fisik

Solid

4.3.2 warna

Silver

Gray

4.3.3 luster

metallic

4.4 atose

4.4.1 Mohs atose

8.505.00

0.2 8.5

4.4.2 Brinell atose

687.00 MPa470.00 MPa

0.14 3490

4.4.3 Vickers atose

1,060.00 MPa1,043.00 MPa

121 3430

4.5 Kacepetan swara

5,940.00 m / s4,720.00 m / s

818 16200

4.6 Properties Optical

4.6.1 bias Index

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

1.000933 1.7229

4.6.2 reflectivity

ora Sumadhiya67.00 %

58 97

4.7 allotropes

Ora

4.7.1 α allotropes

ora Sumadhiya

α-kobalt

4.7.2 β allotropes

ora Sumadhiya

β-kobalt

4.7.3 γ allotropes

ora Sumadhiya

5 Kimia

5.1 Formula Kimia

5.2 isotop

5.2.1 Isotop dikenal

2126

0 38

5.3 keelektronegatifan

5.3.1 Pauling Elektronegativitas

1.661.88

0.7 2.54

5.3.2 Sanderson Elektronegativitas

1.662.56

0.22 2.56

5.3.3 Allred Rochow Elektronegativitas

1.561.70

0.86 1.82

5.3.4 Mulliken-Jaffe Elektronegativitas

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

0.62 2.48

5.3.5 Allen Elektronegativitas

1.651.84

0.659 2.7

5.4 Electropositivity

5.4.1 Pauling Electropositivity

2.342.12

1.46 3.3

5.5 tenogo ionisasi

5.5.1 Level Energy 1st

26,130.00 kJ / mol760.40 kJ / mol

375.7 26130

5.5.2 Level Energy 2

28,750.00 kJ / mol1,648.00 kJ / mol

710.2162 28750

5.5.3 Level Energy 3rd

34,230.00 kJ / mol3,232.00 kJ / mol

1600 34230

5.5.4 Level Energy 4

37,066.00 kJ / mol4,950.00 kJ / mol

2780 37066

5.5.5 Level Energy 5th

97,510.00 kJ / mol7,670.00 kJ / mol

4305.2 97510

5.5.6 Level Energy 6th

105,800.00 kJ / mol9,840.00 kJ / mol

5715.8 105800

5.5.7 tingkat Energy 7

114,300.00 kJ / mol12,440.00 kJ / mol

7226.8 114300

5.5.8 Level Energy 8

125,300.00 kJ / mol15,230.00 kJ / mol

8857.4 125300

5.5.9 Level Energy 9

134,700.00 kJ / mol17,959.00 kJ / mol

14110 134700

5.5.10 Level Energy 10th

144,300.00 kJ / mol26,570.00 kJ / mol

17100 144300

5.5.11 Level Energy 11

26,130.00 kJ / mol29,400.00 kJ / mol

19900 169988

5.5.12 Level Energy 12

28,750.00 kJ / mol32,400.00 kJ / mol

22219 189368

5.5.13 Level Energy 13

34,230.00 kJ / mol36,600.00 kJ / mol

26930 76015

5.5.14 Level Energy 14

37,066.00 kJ / mol39,700.00 kJ / mol

29196 86450

5.5.15 Level Energy 15

97,510.00 kJ / mol42,800.00 kJ / mol

41987 97510

5.5.16 Level Energy 16

105,800.00 kJ / mol49,396.00 kJ / mol

47206 109480

5.5.17 Level Energy 17

114,300.00 kJ / mol52,737.00 kJ / mol

52737 122200

5.5.18 Level Energy 18

125,300.00 kJ / mol134,810.00 kJ / mol

58570 134810

5.5.19 Level Energy 19

134,700.00 kJ / mol145,170.00 kJ / mol

64702 148700

5.5.20 Level Energy 20

144,300.00 kJ / mol154,700.00 kJ / mol

80400 171200

5.5.21 Level Energy 21

157,700.00 kJ / mol167,400.00 kJ / mol

87000 179100

5.5.22 Level Energy 22

166,090.00 kJ / mol178,100.00 kJ / mol

93400 184900

5.5.23 Level Energy 23rd

ora Sumadhiya189,300.00 kJ / mol

98420 198800

5.5.24 Level Energy 24

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

104400 195200

5.5.25 Level Energy 25th

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

121900 121900

5.5.26 Level Energy 26th

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

127700 127700

5.5.27 Level Energy 27th

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

133800 133800

5.5.28 Level Energy 28th

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

139800 139800

5.5.29 Level Energy 29

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

148100 148100

5.5.30 Level Energy 30

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

154500 154500

5.6 padha karo elektrokimia

0.32 g / amp-day1.10 g / amp-day

0.16812 8.3209

5.7 Fungsi Work elektron

4.50 eV5.00 eV

2.14 5.65

5.8 Properties Kimia liyane

anti Corrosion, Kimia Stabilitas, ionisasi, Isotop radioaktif, kelarutan

Kimia Stabilitas, ionisasi

6 atom

6.1 Panggil atom

2422

3 117

6.2 Konfigurasi elektron

[Ar] 3d ⁵ 4s ¹

[Ar] 3d ² 4s ²

6.3 Struktur Crystal

Body tengah kubik (Bcc)

Hexagonal Tutup dikempalken (HCP)

6.3.1 Crystal pola

6.4 atom

6.4.1 Jumlah proton

2422

3 117

6.4.2 Jumlah Neutron

2826

4 184

6.4.3 Jumlah Èlèktron

2422

3 117

6.5 Radius saka Atom

6.5.1 Radius atom

128.00 pm147.00 pm

112 265

6.5.2 kovalen Radius

139.00 pm160.00 pm

96 260

6.5.3 Van der Waals Radius

200.00 pm200.00 pm

139 348

6.6 Bobot atom

52.00 Amu47.87 Amu

6.94 294

6.7 Volume atom

7.23 cm3 / mol10.64 cm3 / mol

1.39 71.07

6.8 Nomer atom jejer

6.8.1 unsur Previous

6.8.2 Sabanjure unsur

6.9 Potensi Valence Electron

170.00 (-eV)95.20 (-eV)

8 392.42

6.10 Constant pola

291.00 pm295.08 pm

228.58 891.25

6.11 pola Angles

π/2, π/2, π/2

π/2, π/2, 2 π/3

6.12 Pola C / A rasio

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

1.567 1.886

7 Teknik

7.1 Kapadhetan

7.1.1 Kapadhetan Ing suhu kamar

7.19 g / cm ³4.51 g / cm ³

0.534 40.7

7.1.2 Kapadhetan Nalika Liquid (ing mp)

6.30 g / cm34.11 g / cm3

0.512 20

7.2 Strength tensile

689.00 MPa434.00 MPa

2.5 11000

7.3 viskositas

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

0.001526 0.001526

7.4 meksa beluk

7.4.1 Meksa beluk ing 1000 K

0.00 (Pa)ora Sumadhiya

2.47E-11 121

7.4.2 Meksa beluk ing 2000 K

774.00 (Pa)0.98 (Pa)

2.62E-10 774

7.5 situs kelenturan

7.5.1 nyukur pengaturan

115.00 GPA44.00 GPA

1.3 222

7.5.2 pengaturan akeh

160.00 GPA110.00 GPA

1.6 462

7.5.3 Young kang pengaturan

279.00 GPA116.00 GPA

1.7 528

7.6 Poisson rasio

0.210.32

0.032 0.47

7.7 Properties Teknik liyane

ductile

8 Magnetic

8.1 Ciri Magnetic

8.1.1 Gravitasi tartamtu

7.194,500.00

0.53 4500

8.1.2 Nindakake Magnetic

Antiferromagnetic

paramagnetic

8.1.3 permeabilitas

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

1.25643E-06 0.0063

8.1.4 kelemahan

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

-0.000166 200000

8.2 Properties Listrik

8.2.1 Property Listrik

Arman miskin

8.2.2 resistivity

125.00 nΩ · m420.00 nΩ · m

0.18 961

8.2.3 konduktivitas listrik

0.08 10 ⁶ / cm Ω0.02 10 ⁶ / cm Ω

0.00666 0.63

8.2.4 elektron Affinity

64.30 kJ / mol7.60 kJ / mol

0 222.8

9 termal

9.1 Kalor tartamtu

0.45 J / (kg K)0.52 J / (kg K)

0.11 3.6

9.2 Graham Kapasitas kalor

23.35 J / mol · K25.06 J / mol · K

16.443 62.7

9.3 doyo termal

93.90 W / m · K21.90 W / m · K

6.3 429

9.4 suhu kritis

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

26.3 3223

9.5 Expansion termal

4.90 μm / (m · K)8.60 μm / (m · K)

4.5 97

9.6 enthalpy

9.6.1 Enthalpy panguapan

348.80 kJ / mol429.00 kJ / mol

7.32 799.1

9.6.2 Enthalpy saka Fusion

15.31 kJ / mol15.48 kJ / mol

2.1 35.23

9.6.3 Enthalpy saka atomization

397.50 kJ / mol468.60 kJ / mol

61.5 837

9.7 Standard molar Entropy

23.80 J / mol.K27.30 J / mol.K

9.5 198.1

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