1 Tabel périodik
1.1 Symbol
1.2 Panggil Group
1.3 Panggil periode
1.4 Block
1.5 Family unsur
Transisi Post-
transisi Metal
1.6 CAS Number
74400867440666
7429905
54386242
1.7 Jeneng papan Group
1.8 Space Group Number
2 facts
2.1 Facts Interesting
- Polonium unsur radioaktif sing pisanan ditemokaké.
- unsur polonium lan senyawa Highly radioaktif.
- Sawijining logam campuran karo Beryllium menehi sumber neutron.
- Seng logam ketemu (diwenehi) ing akeh formulir kaya granules, foil, bledug lan ing wangun bubuk.
- Prodhusèn utama Seng logam sing Australia, Kanada, China, USA lan Peru.
2.2 sumber
Mining, Ores logam
bumi lemah ndhuwur, Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores saka Minerals
2.3 History
2.3.1 sing katutup
Pierre Curie and Marie Curie
Indian metallurgists
2.3.2 Discovery
ing taun 1898
Sadurunge 1000 SM
2.4 turah mbrawah
2.4.1 Turah mbrawah Ing Universe
ora Sumadhiya3 * 10-5 %
5E-09
0.11
2.4.2 Turah mbrawah Ing Sun
~-9999 %~0.0002 %
1E-08
0.1
2.4.3 Turah mbrawah Ing meteorit
ora Sumadhiya0.02 %
1.7E-07
22
2.4.4 Turah mbrawah Ing bumi lemah ndhuwur
ora Sumadhiya0.01 %
9.9E-12
8.1
2.4.5 Turah mbrawah Ing Segara
2.4.6 Turah mbrawah Ing Manungsa
ora Sumadhiya0.00 %
1E-13
1.4
3 ulah
3.1 Ulah lan Wuku
- Polonium logam allotropes beda, kang digunakake ing piranti antistatic lan kanggo riset waé.
- A 1 gram saka Polonium bisa tekan suhu 500 ° C, Empu kang digunakake minangka sumber panas kanggo peralatan papan.
- Kang utamané dipigunakaké kanggo galvanizing logam.
- Iku uga digunakake kanggo Manufaktur die-casting lan iku banget penting kanggo industri automobile.
3.1.1 Ulah Industrial
Industry Aerospace, Industry amunisi
Industry Listrik, Industry Elektronik
3.1.2 Ulah Medical
NA
Industry Pharmaceutical
3.1.3 Ulah liyane
3.2 Properties biologi
3.2.1 keracunan
Highly Toxic
Highly Toxic
3.2.2 Saiki ing badan Human
3.2.3 Sang
0.00 Sang / mg dm-37.00 Sang / mg dm-3
0
1970
3.2.4 ing Bone
0.00 ppm170.00 ppm
0
170000
4 fisik
4.1 leleh Point
254.00 ° C419.58 ° C
27
3410
4.2 Boiling Point
962.00 ° C907.00 ° C
147
5660
4.3 katon
4.3.1 State fisik
4.3.2 warna
4.3.3 luster
4.4 atose
4.4.1 Mohs atose
ora Sumadhiya2.50
0.2
8.5
4.4.2 Brinell atose
ora Sumadhiya327.00 MPa
0.14
3490
4.4.3 Vickers atose
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
121
3430
4.5 Kacepetan swara
ora Sumadhiya3,850.00 m / s
818
16200
4.6 Properties Optical
4.6.1 bias Index
ora Sumadhiya1.00
1.000933
1.7229
4.6.2 reflectivity
ora Sumadhiya80.00 %
58
97
4.7 allotropes
4.7.1 α allotropes
4.7.2 β allotropes
4.7.3 γ allotropes
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
5 Kimia
5.1 Formula Kimia
5.2 isotop
5.2.1 Isotop dikenal
5.3 keelektronegatifan
5.3.1 Pauling Elektronegativitas
5.3.2 Sanderson Elektronegativitas
ora Sumadhiya2.23
0.22
2.56
5.3.3 Allred Rochow Elektronegativitas
5.3.4 Mulliken-Jaffe Elektronegativitas
5.3.5 Allen Elektronegativitas
5.4 Electropositivity
5.4.1 Pauling Electropositivity
5.5 tenogo ionisasi
5.5.1 Level Energy 1st
812.10 kJ / mol906.40 kJ / mol
375.7
26130
5.5.2 Level Energy 2
ora Sumadhiya1,733.30 kJ / mol
710.2162
28750
5.5.3 Level Energy 3rd
ora Sumadhiya3,833.00 kJ / mol
1600
34230
5.5.4 Level Energy 4
ora Sumadhiya5,731.00 kJ / mol
2780
37066
5.5.5 Level Energy 5th
ora Sumadhiya7,970.00 kJ / mol
4305.2
97510
5.5.6 Level Energy 6th
ora Sumadhiya10,400.00 kJ / mol
5715.8
105800
5.5.7 tingkat Energy 7
ora Sumadhiya12,900.00 kJ / mol
7226.8
114300
5.5.8 Level Energy 8
ora Sumadhiya16,800.00 kJ / mol
8857.4
125300
5.5.9 Level Energy 9
ora Sumadhiya19,600.00 kJ / mol
14110
134700
5.5.10 Level Energy 10th
ora Sumadhiya23,000.00 kJ / mol
17100
144300
5.5.11 Level Energy 11
ora Sumadhiya26,400.00 kJ / mol
19900
169988
5.5.12 Level Energy 12
ora Sumadhiya29,990.00 kJ / mol
22219
189368
5.5.13 Level Energy 13
ora Sumadhiya40,490.00 kJ / mol
26930
76015
5.5.14 Level Energy 14
ora Sumadhiya43,800.00 kJ / mol
29196
86450
5.5.15 Level Energy 15
ora Sumadhiya47,300.00 kJ / mol
41987
97510
5.5.16 Level Energy 16
ora Sumadhiya52,300.00 kJ / mol
47206
109480
5.5.17 Level Energy 17
ora Sumadhiya55,900.00 kJ / mol
52737
122200
5.5.18 Level Energy 18
ora Sumadhiya59,700.00 kJ / mol
58570
134810
5.5.19 Level Energy 19
ora Sumadhiya67,300.00 kJ / mol
64702
148700
5.5.20 Level Energy 20
ora Sumadhiya171,200.00 kJ / mol
80400
171200
5.5.21 Level Energy 21
ora Sumadhiya179,100.00 kJ / mol
87000
179100
5.5.22 Level Energy 22
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
93400
184900
5.5.23 Level Energy 23rd
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
98420
198800
5.5.24 Level Energy 24
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
104400
195200
5.5.25 Level Energy 25th
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
121900
121900
5.5.26 Level Energy 26th
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
127700
127700
5.5.27 Level Energy 27th
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
133800
133800
5.5.28 Level Energy 28th
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
139800
139800
5.5.29 Level Energy 29
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
148100
148100
5.5.30 Level Energy 30
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
154500
154500
5.6 padha karo elektrokimia
3.90 g / amp-day1.22 g / amp-day
0.16812
8.3209
5.7 Fungsi Work elektron
ora Sumadhiya4.33 eV
2.14
5.65
5.8 Properties Kimia liyane
ionisasi, Isotop radioaktif, kelarutan
anti Corrosion, Kimia Stabilitas, ionisasi, Isotop radioaktif
6 atom
6.1 Panggil atom
6.2 Konfigurasi elektron
[Xe] 4F 14 5d 10 6s 2 6p 4
[Ar] 3d 10 4s 2
6.3 Struktur Crystal
Pénguapan (Mon)
Hexagonal Tutup dikempalken (HCP)
6.3.1 Crystal pola
6.4 atom
6.4.1 Jumlah proton
6.4.2 Jumlah Neutron
6.4.3 Jumlah Èlèktron
6.5 Radius saka Atom
6.5.1 Radius atom
168.00 pm134.00 pm
112
265
6.5.2 kovalen Radius
140.00 pm122.00 pm
96
260
6.5.3 Van der Waals Radius
197.00 pm139.00 pm
139
348
6.6 Bobot atom
209.00 Amu65.38 Amu
6.94
294
6.7 Volume atom
22.23 cm3 / mol9.20 cm3 / mol
1.39
71.07
6.8 Nomer atom jejer
6.8.1 unsur Previous
6.8.2 Sabanjure unsur
6.9 Potensi Valence Electron
ora Sumadhiya38.90 (-eV)
8
392.42
6.10 Constant pola
335.90 pm266.49 pm
228.58
891.25
6.11 pola Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
6.12 Pola C / A rasio
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
1.567
1.886
7 Teknik
7.1 Kapadhetan
7.1.1 Kapadhetan Ing suhu kamar
9.20 g / cm 37.14 g / cm 3
0.534
40.7
7.1.2 Kapadhetan Nalika Liquid (ing mp)
9.40 g / cm36.57 g / cm3
0.512
20
7.2 Strength tensile
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
2.5
11000
7.3 viskositas
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
0.001526
0.001526
7.4 meksa beluk
7.4.1 Meksa beluk ing 1000 K
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
2.47E-11
121
7.4.2 Meksa beluk ing 2000 K
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
2.62E-10
774
7.5 situs kelenturan
7.5.1 nyukur pengaturan
ora Sumadhiya43.00 GPA
1.3
222
7.5.2 pengaturan akeh
ora Sumadhiya70.00 GPA
1.6
462
7.5.3 Young kang pengaturan
ora Sumadhiya108.00 GPA
1.7
528
7.6 Poisson rasio
ora Sumadhiya0.25
0.032
0.47
7.7 Properties Teknik liyane
8 Magnetic
8.1 Ciri Magnetic
8.1.1 Gravitasi tartamtu
8.1.2 Nindakake Magnetic
8.1.3 permeabilitas
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
1.25643E-06
0.0063
8.1.4 kelemahan
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
-0.000166
200000
8.2 Properties Listrik
8.2.1 Property Listrik
8.2.2 resistivity
0.40 nΩ · m59.00 nΩ · m
0.18
961
8.2.3 konduktivitas listrik
0.02 10 6 / cm Ω0.17 10 6 / cm Ω
0.00666
0.63
8.2.4 elektron Affinity
183.30 kJ / mol0.00 kJ / mol
0
222.8
9 termal
9.1 Kalor tartamtu
0.12 J / (kg K)0.39 J / (kg K)
0.11
3.6
9.2 Graham Kapasitas kalor
26.40 J / mol · K25.47 J / mol · K
16.443
62.7
9.3 doyo termal
20.00 W / m · K116.00 W / m · K
6.3
429
9.4 suhu kritis
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
26.3
3223
9.5 Expansion termal
23.50 μm / (m · K)30.20 μm / (m · K)
4.5
97
9.6 enthalpy
9.6.1 Enthalpy panguapan
60.30 kJ / mol7.32 kJ / mol
7.32
799.1
9.6.2 Enthalpy saka Fusion
13.00 kJ / mol7.32 kJ / mol
2.1
35.23
9.6.3 Enthalpy saka atomization
134.00 kJ / mol129.70 kJ / mol
61.5
837
9.7 Standard molar Entropy
ora Sumadhiya41.60 J / mol.K
9.5
198.1