tembaga

Indium

mbandhingaké tembaga lan Indium

tembaga

Indium

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1 Tabel périodik

1.1 Symbol

1.2 Panggil Group

1113

0 17

1.3 Panggil periode

2 7

1.4 Block

d block

p pemblokiran

1.5 Family unsur

transisi Metal

Transisi Post-

1.6 CAS Number

74405087440746

7429905 54386242

1.7 Jeneng papan Group

Fm_ 3M

I4 / mmm

1.8 Space Group Number

225.00139.00

11 229

2 facts

2.1 Facts Interesting

Tembaga arang ditemokaké ing wangun murni ing alam.

Tembaga Sulfat biasane digunakake ing racun tetanèn lan minangka algicide ing sistem banyu dimurnèkaké.

Luster saka Indium iku padhang ing alam.
Reich lan sugih padha looking for thallium ing logam seng lan lajeng manggihaken Indium logam.

2.2 sumber

Found in Minerals

Mining, Ores logam

2.3 History

2.3.1 sing katutup

Unknown

Ferdinand Reich and Hieronymous Theodor Richter

2.3.2 Discovery

Ing Timur Tengah (9000 SM)

ing taun 1863

2.4 turah mbrawah

2.4.1 Turah mbrawah Ing Universe

6 * 10^-6 %3 * 10^-8 %

5E-09 0.11

2.4.2 Turah mbrawah Ing Sun

~0.00007 %~0.0000004 %

1E-08 0.1

2.4.3 Turah mbrawah Ing meteorit

0.01 %0.00 %

1.7E-07 22

2.4.4 Turah mbrawah Ing bumi lemah ndhuwur

0.01 %0.00 %

9.9E-12 8.1

2.4.5 Turah mbrawah Ing Segara

0.00 %0.00 %

2E-23 1.1

2.4.6 Turah mbrawah Ing Manungsa

0.00 %ora Sumadhiya

1E-13 1.4

3 ulah

3.1 Ulah lan Wuku

Iku digunakake kanggo koin lan bullion.
Akèh unsur tembaga digunakake ing Manufaktur Alat listrik lan elektronik kayata wirings lan komponen. Sampeyan uga dipigunakaké ing construction lan mesin industri.

Kang digunakake kanggo gawé indium timah oxide (Ito), kang digunakake ing Manufaktur layar tutul, warata layar TV lan solar.

nitride sawijining, phosphide lan antimonide digunakake ing transistor lan microchips.

3.1.1 Ulah Industrial

Industri Kimia, Industry Elektronik

Industry Aerospace, Industry automobile

3.1.2 Ulah Medical

Medical Research

3.1.3 Ulah liyane

wesi, koin, Jewellery

wesi, Ing Reactors Nuclear

3.2 Properties biologi

3.2.1 keracunan

non Toxic

3.2.2 Saiki ing badan Human

3.2.3 Sang

1.01 Sang / mg dm-3ora Sumadhiya

0 1970

3.2.4 ing Bone

26.00 ppmora Sumadhiya

0 170000

4 fisik

4.1 leleh Point

1,084.62 ° C156.61 ° C

27 3410

4.2 Boiling Point

2,562.00 ° C2,000.00 ° C

147 5660

4.3 katon

4.3.1 State fisik

Solid

4.3.2 warna

tembaga

perak Gray

4.3.3 luster

lustrous

4.4 atose

4.4.1 Mohs atose

3.001.20

0.2 8.5

4.4.2 Brinell atose

235.00 MPa8.80 MPa

0.14 3490

4.4.3 Vickers atose

343.00 MPaora Sumadhiya

121 3430

4.5 Kacepetan swara

3,810.00 m / s1,215.00 m / s

818 16200

4.6 Properties Optical

4.6.1 bias Index

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

1.000933 1.7229

4.6.2 reflectivity

90.00 %ora Sumadhiya

58 97

4.7 allotropes

Ora

4.7.1 α allotropes

ora Sumadhiya

4.7.2 β allotropes

ora Sumadhiya

4.7.3 γ allotropes

ora Sumadhiya

5 Kimia

5.1 Formula Kimia

5.2 isotop

5.2.1 Isotop dikenal

2935

0 38

5.3 keelektronegatifan

5.3.1 Pauling Elektronegativitas

1.901.78

0.7 2.54

5.3.2 Sanderson Elektronegativitas

1.982.14

0.22 2.56

5.3.3 Allred Rochow Elektronegativitas

1.751.49

0.86 1.82

5.3.4 Mulliken-Jaffe Elektronegativitas

1.491.76

0.62 2.48

5.3.5 Allen Elektronegativitas

1.851.66

0.659 2.7

5.4 Electropositivity

5.4.1 Pauling Electropositivity

2.102.22

1.46 3.3

5.5 tenogo ionisasi

5.5.1 Level Energy 1st

745.50 kJ / mol558.30 kJ / mol

375.7 26130

5.5.2 Level Energy 2

1,957.90 kJ / mol1,820.70 kJ / mol

710.2162 28750

5.5.3 Level Energy 3rd

3,555.00 kJ / mol2,704.00 kJ / mol

1600 34230

5.5.4 Level Energy 4

5,536.00 kJ / mol5,210.00 kJ / mol

2780 37066

5.5.5 Level Energy 5th

7,700.00 kJ / molora Sumadhiya

4305.2 97510

5.5.6 Level Energy 6th

9,900.00 kJ / molora Sumadhiya

5715.8 105800

5.5.7 tingkat Energy 7

13,400.00 kJ / molora Sumadhiya

7226.8 114300

5.5.8 Level Energy 8

16,000.00 kJ / molora Sumadhiya

8857.4 125300

5.5.9 Level Energy 9

19,200.00 kJ / molora Sumadhiya

14110 134700

5.5.10 Level Energy 10th

22,400.00 kJ / molora Sumadhiya

17100 144300

5.5.11 Level Energy 11

25,600.00 kJ / molora Sumadhiya

19900 169988

5.5.12 Level Energy 12

35,600.00 kJ / molora Sumadhiya

22219 189368

5.5.13 Level Energy 13

38,700.00 kJ / molora Sumadhiya

26930 76015

5.5.14 Level Energy 14

42,000.00 kJ / molora Sumadhiya

29196 86450

5.5.15 Level Energy 15

46,700.00 kJ / molora Sumadhiya

41987 97510

5.5.16 Level Energy 16

50,200.00 kJ / molora Sumadhiya

47206 109480

5.5.17 Level Energy 17

53,700.00 kJ / molora Sumadhiya

52737 122200

5.5.18 Level Energy 18

61,100.00 kJ / molora Sumadhiya

58570 134810

5.5.19 Level Energy 19

64,702.00 kJ / molora Sumadhiya

64702 148700

5.5.20 Level Energy 20

163,700.00 kJ / molora Sumadhiya

80400 171200

5.5.21 Level Energy 21

174,100.00 kJ / molora Sumadhiya

87000 179100

5.5.22 Level Energy 22

184,900.00 kJ / molora Sumadhiya

93400 184900

5.5.23 Level Energy 23rd

198,800.00 kJ / molora Sumadhiya

98420 198800

5.5.24 Level Energy 24

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

104400 195200

5.5.25 Level Energy 25th

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

121900 121900

5.5.26 Level Energy 26th

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

127700 127700

5.5.27 Level Energy 27th

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

133800 133800

5.5.28 Level Energy 28th

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

139800 139800

5.5.29 Level Energy 29

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

148100 148100

5.5.30 Level Energy 30

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

154500 154500

5.6 padha karo elektrokimia

1.19 g / amp-day1.43 g / amp-day

0.16812 8.3209

5.7 Fungsi Work elektron

4.65 eV4.12 eV

2.14 5.65

5.8 Properties Kimia liyane

Kimia Stabilitas, Corrosion, ionisasi, kelarutan

ionisasi, Isotop radioaktif, Radioaktif, kelarutan

6 atom

6.1 Panggil atom

2949

3 117

6.2 Konfigurasi elektron

[Ar] 3d ¹⁰ 4s ¹

[Kr] 4d ¹⁰ 5S ² 5p ¹

6.3 Struktur Crystal

Face tengah kubik (FCC)

Tetragonal (TETR)

6.3.1 Crystal pola

6.4 atom

6.4.1 Jumlah proton

2949

3 117

6.4.2 Jumlah Neutron

3566

4 184

6.4.3 Jumlah Èlèktron

2949

3 117

6.5 Radius saka Atom

6.5.1 Radius atom

128.00 pm167.00 pm

112 265

6.5.2 kovalen Radius

132.00 pm142.00 pm

96 260

6.5.3 Van der Waals Radius

140.00 pm193.00 pm

139 348

6.6 Bobot atom

63.55 Amu114.82 Amu

6.94 294

6.7 Volume atom

7.10 cm3 / mol15.70 cm3 / mol

1.39 71.07

6.8 Nomer atom jejer

6.8.1 unsur Previous

6.8.2 Sabanjure unsur

6.9 Potensi Valence Electron

34.00 (-eV)54.00 (-eV)

8 392.42

6.10 Constant pola

361.49 pm325.23 pm

228.58 891.25

6.11 pola Angles

π/2, π/2, π/2

6.12 Pola C / A rasio

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

1.567 1.886

7 Teknik

7.1 Kapadhetan

7.1.1 Kapadhetan Ing suhu kamar

8.96 g / cm ³7.31 g / cm ³

0.534 40.7

7.1.2 Kapadhetan Nalika Liquid (ing mp)

8.02 g / cm37.02 g / cm3

0.512 20

7.2 Strength tensile

ora Sumadhiya2.50 MPa

2.5 11000

7.3 viskositas

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

0.001526 0.001526

7.4 meksa beluk

7.4.1 Meksa beluk ing 1000 K

1.53 (Pa)0.01 (Pa)

2.47E-11 121

7.4.2 Meksa beluk ing 2000 K

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

2.62E-10 774

7.5 situs kelenturan

7.5.1 nyukur pengaturan

48.00 GPAora Sumadhiya

1.3 222

7.5.2 pengaturan akeh

140.00 GPAora Sumadhiya

1.6 462

7.5.3 Young kang pengaturan

120.00 GPA11.00 GPA

1.7 528

7.6 Poisson rasio

0.34ora Sumadhiya

0.032 0.47

7.7 Properties Teknik liyane

ductile, malleable

8 Magnetic

8.1 Ciri Magnetic

8.1.1 Gravitasi tartamtu

8.897.31

0.53 4500

8.1.2 Nindakake Magnetic

diamagnetic

8.1.3 permeabilitas

1.256629 * 10^-6 H / mora Sumadhiya

1.25643E-06 0.0063

8.1.4 kelemahan

-9.63 * 10^-6ora Sumadhiya

-0.000166 200000

8.2 Properties Listrik

8.2.1 Property Listrik

Arman

8.2.2 resistivity

16.78 nΩ · m83.70 nΩ · m

0.18 961

8.2.3 konduktivitas listrik

0.60 10 ⁶ / cm Ω0.12 10 ⁶ / cm Ω

0.00666 0.63

8.2.4 elektron Affinity

222.80 kJ / mol28.90 kJ / mol

0 222.8

9 termal

9.1 Kalor tartamtu

0.38 J / (kg K)0.23 J / (kg K)

0.11 3.6

9.2 Graham Kapasitas kalor

24.44 J / mol · K26.74 J / mol · K

16.443 62.7

9.3 doyo termal

401.00 W / m · K81.80 W / m · K

6.3 429

9.4 suhu kritis

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

26.3 3223

9.5 Expansion termal

16.50 μm / (m · K)32.10 μm / (m · K)

4.5 97

9.6 enthalpy

9.6.1 Enthalpy panguapan

283.70 kJ / mol226.40 kJ / mol

7.32 799.1

9.6.2 Enthalpy saka Fusion

7.11 kJ / mol3.28 kJ / mol

2.1 35.23

9.6.3 Enthalpy saka atomization

338.90 kJ / mol242.70 kJ / mol

61.5 837

9.7 Standard molar Entropy

33.20 J / mol.K57.80 J / mol.K

9.5 198.1

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