1 Tabel périodik
1.1 Symbol
1.2 Panggil Group
1.3 Panggil periode
1.4 Block
p pemblokiran
p pemblokiran
1.5 Family unsur
Transisi Post-
Transisi Post-
1.6 CAS Number
74400867439921
7429905
54386242
1.7 Jeneng papan Group
1.8 Space Group Number
2 facts
2.1 Facts Interesting
- Polonium unsur radioaktif sing pisanan ditemokaké.
- unsur polonium lan senyawa Highly radioaktif.
- Sawijining logam campuran karo Beryllium menehi sumber neutron.
- Galena Mineral ngandhut meh 87% saka logam Lead ing, Galena punika sulfide Mineral.
- Sumber kasedhiya paling saka logam Lead dina iku dening ulang batre automobile.
2.2 sumber
Mining, Ores logam
bumi lemah ndhuwur, Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores logam, Ores saka Minerals
2.3 History
2.3.1 sing katutup
Pierre Curie and Marie Curie
Unknown
2.3.2 Discovery
ing taun 1898
Ing Tengah Easterns (7000 SM)
2.4 turah mbrawah
2.4.1 Turah mbrawah Ing Universe
ora Sumadhiya1 * 10-6 %
5E-09
0.11
2.4.2 Turah mbrawah Ing Sun
~-9999 %~0.000001 %
1E-08
0.1
2.4.3 Turah mbrawah Ing meteorit
ora Sumadhiya0.00 %
1.7E-07
22
2.4.4 Turah mbrawah Ing bumi lemah ndhuwur
ora Sumadhiya0.00 %
9.9E-12
8.1
2.4.5 Turah mbrawah Ing Segara
2.4.6 Turah mbrawah Ing Manungsa
ora Sumadhiya0.00 %
1E-13
1.4
3 ulah
3.1 Ulah lan Wuku
- Polonium logam allotropes beda, kang digunakake ing piranti antistatic lan kanggo riset waé.
- A 1 gram saka Polonium bisa tekan suhu 500 ° C, Empu kang digunakake minangka sumber panas kanggo peralatan papan.
- Sampeyan uga dipigunakaké ing insecticides, alami rambute lan minangka aditif anti-nuthuk kanggo bensin. Nanging kabeh iki dilarang déning pamaréntah minangka logam Lead dikenal kanggo ngrugekake kanggo kesehatan.
3.1.1 Ulah Industrial
Industry Aerospace, Industry amunisi
Industri Kimia, Industry Listrik, Industry Elektronik
3.1.2 Ulah Medical
NA
Surgical Instruments Manufacturing
3.1.3 Ulah liyane
3.2 Properties biologi
3.2.1 keracunan
3.2.2 Saiki ing badan Human
3.2.3 Sang
0.00 Sang / mg dm-30.21 Sang / mg dm-3
0
1970
3.2.4 ing Bone
0.00 ppm30.00 ppm
0
170000
4 fisik
4.1 leleh Point
254.00 ° C327.50 ° C
27
3410
4.2 Boiling Point
962.00 ° C1,740.00 ° C
147
5660
4.3 katon
4.3.1 State fisik
4.3.2 warna
4.3.3 luster
4.4 atose
4.4.1 Mohs atose
ora Sumadhiya1.50
0.2
8.5
4.4.2 Brinell atose
ora Sumadhiya38.00 MPa
0.14
3490
4.4.3 Vickers atose
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
121
3430
4.5 Kacepetan swara
ora Sumadhiya1,190.00 m / s
818
16200
4.6 Properties Optical
4.6.1 bias Index
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
1.000933
1.7229
4.6.2 reflectivity
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
58
97
4.7 allotropes
4.7.1 α allotropes
4.7.2 β allotropes
4.7.3 γ allotropes
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
5 Kimia
5.1 Formula Kimia
5.2 isotop
5.2.1 Isotop dikenal
5.3 keelektronegatifan
5.3.1 Pauling Elektronegativitas
5.3.2 Sanderson Elektronegativitas
ora Sumadhiya2.29
0.22
2.56
5.3.3 Allred Rochow Elektronegativitas
5.3.4 Mulliken-Jaffe Elektronegativitas
5.3.5 Allen Elektronegativitas
5.4 Electropositivity
5.4.1 Pauling Electropositivity
5.5 tenogo ionisasi
5.5.1 Level Energy 1st
812.10 kJ / mol715.60 kJ / mol
375.7
26130
5.5.2 Level Energy 2
ora Sumadhiya1,450.50 kJ / mol
710.2162
28750
5.5.3 Level Energy 3rd
ora Sumadhiya3,081.50 kJ / mol
1600
34230
5.5.4 Level Energy 4
ora Sumadhiya4,083.00 kJ / mol
2780
37066
5.5.5 Level Energy 5th
ora Sumadhiya6,640.00 kJ / mol
4305.2
97510
5.5.6 Level Energy 6th
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
5715.8
105800
5.5.7 tingkat Energy 7
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
7226.8
114300
5.5.8 Level Energy 8
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
8857.4
125300
5.5.9 Level Energy 9
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
14110
134700
5.5.10 Level Energy 10th
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
17100
144300
5.5.11 Level Energy 11
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
19900
169988
5.5.12 Level Energy 12
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
22219
189368
5.5.13 Level Energy 13
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
26930
76015
5.5.14 Level Energy 14
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
29196
86450
5.5.15 Level Energy 15
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
41987
97510
5.5.16 Level Energy 16
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
47206
109480
5.5.17 Level Energy 17
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
52737
122200
5.5.18 Level Energy 18
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
58570
134810
5.5.19 Level Energy 19
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
64702
148700
5.5.20 Level Energy 20
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
80400
171200
5.5.21 Level Energy 21
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
87000
179100
5.5.22 Level Energy 22
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
93400
184900
5.5.23 Level Energy 23rd
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
98420
198800
5.5.24 Level Energy 24
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
104400
195200
5.5.25 Level Energy 25th
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
121900
121900
5.5.26 Level Energy 26th
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
127700
127700
5.5.27 Level Energy 27th
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
133800
133800
5.5.28 Level Energy 28th
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
139800
139800
5.5.29 Level Energy 29
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
148100
148100
5.5.30 Level Energy 30
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
154500
154500
5.6 padha karo elektrokimia
3.90 g / amp-day3.87 g / amp-day
0.16812
8.3209
5.7 Fungsi Work elektron
ora Sumadhiya4.25 eV
2.14
5.65
5.8 Properties Kimia liyane
ionisasi, Isotop radioaktif, kelarutan
anti Corrosion, ionisasi, Isotop radioaktif
6 atom
6.1 Panggil atom
6.2 Konfigurasi elektron
[Xe] 4F 14 5d 10 6s 2 6p 4
[Xe] 4F 14 5d 10 6s 2 6p 2
6.3 Struktur Crystal
Pénguapan (Mon)
Face tengah kubik (FCC)
6.3.1 Crystal pola
6.4 atom
6.4.1 Jumlah proton
6.4.2 Jumlah Neutron
6.4.3 Jumlah Èlèktron
6.5 Radius saka Atom
6.5.1 Radius atom
168.00 pm175.00 pm
112
265
6.5.2 kovalen Radius
140.00 pm146.00 pm
96
260
6.5.3 Van der Waals Radius
197.00 pm202.00 pm
139
348
6.6 Bobot atom
209.00 Amu207.20 Amu
6.94
294
6.7 Volume atom
22.23 cm3 / mol18.17 cm3 / mol
1.39
71.07
6.8 Nomer atom jejer
6.8.1 unsur Previous
6.8.2 Sabanjure unsur
6.9 Potensi Valence Electron
ora Sumadhiya24.20 (-eV)
8
392.42
6.10 Constant pola
335.90 pm495.08 pm
228.58
891.25
6.11 pola Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2
π/2, π/2, π/2
6.12 Pola C / A rasio
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
1.567
1.886
7 Teknik
7.1 Kapadhetan
7.1.1 Kapadhetan Ing suhu kamar
9.20 g / cm 311.34 g / cm 3
0.534
40.7
7.1.2 Kapadhetan Nalika Liquid (ing mp)
9.40 g / cm310.66 g / cm3
0.512
20
7.2 Strength tensile
ora Sumadhiya12.00 MPa
2.5
11000
7.3 viskositas
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
0.001526
0.001526
7.4 meksa beluk
7.4.1 Meksa beluk ing 1000 K
ora Sumadhiya1.64 (Pa)
2.47E-11
121
7.4.2 Meksa beluk ing 2000 K
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
2.62E-10
774
7.5 situs kelenturan
7.5.1 nyukur pengaturan
ora Sumadhiya5.60 GPA
1.3
222
7.5.2 pengaturan akeh
ora Sumadhiya46.00 GPA
1.6
462
7.5.3 Young kang pengaturan
ora Sumadhiya16.00 GPA
1.7
528
7.6 Poisson rasio
ora Sumadhiya0.44
0.032
0.47
7.7 Properties Teknik liyane
8 Magnetic
8.1 Ciri Magnetic
8.1.1 Gravitasi tartamtu
8.1.2 Nindakake Magnetic
8.1.3 permeabilitas
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
1.25643E-06
0.0063
8.1.4 kelemahan
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
-0.000166
200000
8.2 Properties Listrik
8.2.1 Property Listrik
8.2.2 resistivity
0.40 nΩ · m208.00 nΩ · m
0.18
961
8.2.3 konduktivitas listrik
0.02 10 6 / cm Ω0.05 10 6 / cm Ω
0.00666
0.63
8.2.4 elektron Affinity
183.30 kJ / mol35.10 kJ / mol
0
222.8
9 termal
9.1 Kalor tartamtu
0.12 J / (kg K)0.13 J / (kg K)
0.11
3.6
9.2 Graham Kapasitas kalor
26.40 J / mol · K26.65 J / mol · K
16.443
62.7
9.3 doyo termal
20.00 W / m · K35.30 W / m · K
6.3
429
9.4 suhu kritis
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
26.3
3223
9.5 Expansion termal
23.50 μm / (m · K)28.90 μm / (m · K)
4.5
97
9.6 enthalpy
9.6.1 Enthalpy panguapan
60.30 kJ / mol179.40 kJ / mol
7.32
799.1
9.6.2 Enthalpy saka Fusion
13.00 kJ / mol4.77 kJ / mol
2.1
35.23
9.6.3 Enthalpy saka atomization
134.00 kJ / mol194.60 kJ / mol
61.5
837
9.7 Standard molar Entropy
ora Sumadhiya64.80 J / mol.K
9.5
198.1