prometium

Hafnium

prometium mungsuh Hafnium

prometium

Hafnium

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1 Tabel périodik

1.1 Symbol

1.2 Panggil Group

ora Sumadhiya4

0 17

1.3 Panggil periode

2 7

1.4 Block

pemblokiran f

d block

1.5 Family unsur

lanthanide

transisi Metal

1.6 CAS Number

74401227440586

7429905 54386242

1.7 Jeneng papan Group

ora Sumadhiya

P63 / mmc

1.8 Space Group Number

ora Sumadhiya194.00

11 229

2 facts

2.1 Facts Interesting

metal Prometium ditemokaké ing pitchblende.
Prometium logam logam Highly radioaktif.

Hafnium logam reaktif, Empu ora ketemu gratis ing alam.
metal Hafnium minangka predicated sawise Mendeleev rampung tabel périodik kang.

2.2 sumber

Found in Minerals, Mining

Miturut-produk Nyaring panggolekan Zirconium

2.3 History

2.3.1 sing katutup

Chien Shiung Wu, Emilio Segrè, Hans Bethe

Dirk Coster and George de Hevesy

2.3.2 Discovery

ing taun 1942

ing taun 1922

2.4 turah mbrawah

2.4.1 Turah mbrawah Ing Universe

ora Sumadhiya7 * 10^-8 %

5E-09 0.11

2.4.2 Turah mbrawah Ing Sun

~-9999 %~0.0000001 %

1E-08 0.1

2.4.3 Turah mbrawah Ing meteorit

ora Sumadhiya0.00 %

1.7E-07 22

2.4.4 Turah mbrawah Ing bumi lemah ndhuwur

ora Sumadhiya0.00 %

9.9E-12 8.1

2.4.5 Turah mbrawah Ing Segara

ora Sumadhiya0.00 %

2E-23 1.1

2.4.6 Turah mbrawah Ing Manungsa

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

1E-13 1.4

3 ulah

3.1 Ulah lan Wuku

Kang digunakake kanggo riset waé. jumlah cilik saka logam digunakake ing batre atom.

bosok radioaktif sawijining digunakake kanggo Phosphor kanggo menehi mati lampu. Lampu cemlorot diowahi dadi listrik.

Character length exceed error

3.1.1 Ulah Industrial

Industry amunisi

3.1.2 Ulah Medical

3.1.3 Ulah liyane

wesi, Ing Reactors Nuclear, Nuclear Riset, tujuan Research

3.2 Properties biologi

3.2.1 keracunan

non Toxic

Toxic

3.2.2 Saiki ing badan Human

Ora

3.2.3 Sang

0.00 Sang / mg dm-3ora Sumadhiya

0 1970

3.2.4 ing Bone

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

0 170000

4 fisik

4.1 leleh Point

1,042.00 ° C2,150.00 ° C

27 3410

4.2 Boiling Point

3,000.00 ° C5,400.00 ° C

147 5660

4.3 katon

4.3.1 State fisik

Solid

4.3.2 warna

Unknown

Gray

4.3.3 luster

metallic

4.4 atose

4.4.1 Mohs atose

ora Sumadhiya5.50

0.2 8.5

4.4.2 Brinell atose

ora Sumadhiya1,450.00 MPa

0.14 3490

4.4.3 Vickers atose

ora Sumadhiya1,520.00 MPa

121 3430

4.5 Kacepetan swara

ora Sumadhiya3,010.00 m / s

818 16200

4.6 Properties Optical

4.6.1 bias Index

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

1.000933 1.7229

4.6.2 reflectivity

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

58 97

4.7 allotropes

Ora

4.7.1 α allotropes

ora Sumadhiya

4.7.2 β allotropes

ora Sumadhiya

4.7.3 γ allotropes

ora Sumadhiya

5 Kimia

5.1 Formula Kimia

5.2 isotop

5.2.1 Isotop dikenal

2732

0 38

5.3 keelektronegatifan

5.3.1 Pauling Elektronegativitas

ora Sumadhiya1.30

0.7 2.54

5.3.2 Sanderson Elektronegativitas

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

0.22 2.56

5.3.3 Allred Rochow Elektronegativitas

1.071.23

0.86 1.82

5.3.4 Mulliken-Jaffe Elektronegativitas

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

0.62 2.48

5.3.5 Allen Elektronegativitas

ora Sumadhiya1.16

0.659 2.7

5.4 Electropositivity

5.4.1 Pauling Electropositivity

ora Sumadhiya2.70

1.46 3.3

5.5 tenogo ionisasi

5.5.1 Level Energy 1st

540.00 kJ / mol658.50 kJ / mol

375.7 26130

5.5.2 Level Energy 2

1,050.00 kJ / mol1,440.00 kJ / mol

710.2162 28750

5.5.3 Level Energy 3rd

2,150.00 kJ / mol2,250.00 kJ / mol

1600 34230

5.5.4 Level Energy 4

3,970.00 kJ / mol3,216.00 kJ / mol

2780 37066

5.5.5 Level Energy 5th

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

4305.2 97510

5.5.6 Level Energy 6th

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

5715.8 105800

5.5.7 tingkat Energy 7

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

7226.8 114300

5.5.8 Level Energy 8

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

8857.4 125300

5.5.9 Level Energy 9

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

14110 134700

5.5.10 Level Energy 10th

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

17100 144300

5.5.11 Level Energy 11

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

19900 169988

5.5.12 Level Energy 12

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

22219 189368

5.5.13 Level Energy 13

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

26930 76015

5.5.14 Level Energy 14

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

29196 86450

5.5.15 Level Energy 15

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

41987 97510

5.5.16 Level Energy 16

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

47206 109480

5.5.17 Level Energy 17

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

52737 122200

5.5.18 Level Energy 18

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

58570 134810

5.5.19 Level Energy 19

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

64702 148700

5.5.20 Level Energy 20

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

80400 171200

5.5.21 Level Energy 21

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

87000 179100

5.5.22 Level Energy 22

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

93400 184900

5.5.23 Level Energy 23rd

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

98420 198800

5.5.24 Level Energy 24

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

104400 195200

5.5.25 Level Energy 25th

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

121900 121900

5.5.26 Level Energy 26th

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

127700 127700

5.5.27 Level Energy 27th

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

133800 133800

5.5.28 Level Energy 28th

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

139800 139800

5.5.29 Level Energy 29

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

148100 148100

5.5.30 Level Energy 30

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

154500 154500

5.6 padha karo elektrokimia

1.80 g / amp-day1.66 g / amp-day

0.16812 8.3209

5.7 Fungsi Work elektron

ora Sumadhiya3.90 eV

2.14 5.65

5.8 Properties Kimia liyane

ionisasi, Isotop radioaktif, kelarutan

anti Corrosion, ionisasi, Isotop radioaktif, kelarutan

6 atom

6.1 Panggil atom

6172

3 117

6.2 Konfigurasi elektron

[Xe] 4F ⁵ 6s ²

[Xe] 4F ¹⁴ 5d ² 6s ²

6.3 Struktur Crystal

Double Hexagonal Tutup dikempalken (DHCP)

Hexagonal Tutup dikempalken (HCP)

6.3.1 Crystal pola

6.4 atom

6.4.1 Jumlah proton

6172

3 117

6.4.2 Jumlah Neutron

84106

4 184

6.4.3 Jumlah Èlèktron

6172

3 117

6.5 Radius saka Atom

6.5.1 Radius atom

183.00 pm159.00 pm

112 265

6.5.2 kovalen Radius

199.00 pm175.00 pm

96 260

6.5.3 Van der Waals Radius

236.00 pm200.00 pm

139 348

6.6 Bobot atom

145.00 Amu178.49 Amu

6.94 294

6.7 Volume atom

22.39 cm3 / mol13.60 cm3 / mol

1.39 71.07

6.8 Nomer atom jejer

6.8.1 unsur Previous

6.8.2 Sabanjure unsur

6.9 Potensi Valence Electron

44.10 (-eV)81.00 (-eV)

8 392.42

6.10 Constant pola

ora Sumadhiya319.64 pm

228.58 891.25

6.11 pola Angles

Unknown

π/2, π/2, 2 π/3

6.12 Pola C / A rasio

ora Sumadhiya1.58

1.567 1.886

7 Teknik

7.1 Kapadhetan

7.1.1 Kapadhetan Ing suhu kamar

7.26 g / cm ³13.31 g / cm ³

0.534 40.7

7.1.2 Kapadhetan Nalika Liquid (ing mp)

ora Sumadhiya12.00 g / cm3

0.512 20

7.2 Strength tensile

ora Sumadhiya445.00 MPa

2.5 11000

7.3 viskositas

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

0.001526 0.001526

7.4 meksa beluk

7.4.1 Meksa beluk ing 1000 K

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

2.47E-11 121

7.4.2 Meksa beluk ing 2000 K

ora Sumadhiya0.00 (Pa)

2.62E-10 774

7.5 situs kelenturan

7.5.1 nyukur pengaturan

18.00 GPA30.00 GPA

1.3 222

7.5.2 pengaturan akeh

33.00 GPA110.00 GPA

1.6 462

7.5.3 Young kang pengaturan

46.00 GPA78.00 GPA

1.7 528

7.6 Poisson rasio

0.280.37

0.032 0.47

7.7 Properties Teknik liyane

ductile, malleable

8 Magnetic

8.1 Ciri Magnetic

8.1.1 Gravitasi tartamtu

7.2613.31

0.53 4500

8.1.2 Nindakake Magnetic

paramagnetic

8.1.3 permeabilitas

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

1.25643E-06 0.0063

8.1.4 kelemahan

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

-0.000166 200000

8.2 Properties Listrik

8.2.1 Property Listrik

Arman

8.2.2 resistivity

0.75 nΩ · m331.00 nΩ · m

0.18 961

8.2.3 konduktivitas listrik

ora Sumadhiya0.03 10 ⁶ / cm Ω

0.00666 0.63

8.2.4 elektron Affinity

50.00 kJ / mol0.00 kJ / mol

0 222.8

9 termal

9.1 Kalor tartamtu

0.18 J / (kg K)0.14 J / (kg K)

0.11 3.6

9.2 Graham Kapasitas kalor

ora Sumadhiya25.73 J / mol · K

16.443 62.7

9.3 doyo termal

17.90 W / m · K23.00 W / m · K

6.3 429

9.4 suhu kritis

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

26.3 3223

9.5 Expansion termal

9.00 μm / (m · K)5.90 μm / (m · K)

4.5 97

9.6 enthalpy

9.6.1 Enthalpy panguapan

ora Sumadhiya661.10 kJ / mol

7.32 799.1

9.6.2 Enthalpy saka Fusion

7.50 kJ / mol25.10 kJ / mol

2.1 35.23

9.6.3 Enthalpy saka atomization

310.00 kJ / mol703.00 kJ / mol

61.5 837

9.7 Standard molar Entropy

ora Sumadhiya43.60 J / mol.K

9.5 198.1

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