Uranium vs Polonium
Periodic Table
Symbol
U
Po
Group Number
0
18
16
2
Period Number
7
6
Block
f block
p block
Element Family
Actinide
Post-Transition
CAS Number
7440611
28
7440086
99+
Space Group Name
Cmcm
Pm-3m
Space Group Number
63.00
10
221.00
3
Facts
Interesting Facts
- Major mining countries of Uranium include Russia, Australia, Namibia, Canada and Niger and total 33% Uranium are mine in Kazakhstan.
- Polonium was the first radioactive element to be discovered.
- Polonium element and its compounds are highly radioactive.
- Its alloy with Beryllium provides source of neutrons.
Sources
Earth's crust, Mining, Ores of Minerals
Mining, Ores of metals
History
Who Discovered
Not Available
Pierre Curie and Marie Curie
Discovery
In 1789
In 1898
Abundance
Abundance In Universe
2 * 10-8 %
29
Not Available
Abundance In Sun
~0.0000001 %
26
~-9999 %
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %
99+
Not Available
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %
36
Not Available
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %
11
0.00 %
99+
Uses
Uses & Benefits
- The main use of this metal include nuclear fuel which is used to generate electricity yin nuclear power stations.
- Synthetic elements like transuranium are made from Uranium metal.
- Polonium metal has different Allotropes, it is used in antistatic devices and for research purpose.
- A 1 gram of Polonium can reach a temperature of 500°C, hence it is used as a heat source for space equipment.
Industrial Uses
Ammunition Industry, Chemical Industry
Aerospace Industry, Ammunition Industry
Medical Uses
NA
NA
Other Uses
Alloys, Jewellery, Nuclear Reactor's Fuel, Sculptures, Statues
Alloys
Biological Properties
Toxicity
Toxic
Highly Toxic
Present in Human Body
No
No
In Blood
Not Available
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3
37
In Bone
Not Available
0.00 p.p.m.
36
Physical Properties
Melting Point
1,132.00 °C
39
254.00 °C
99+
Boiling Point
3,818.00 °C
16
962.00 °C
99+
Appearance
Physical State
Solid
Solid
Color
Silvery Gray
Silver
Luster
Metallic
NA
Hardness
Mohs Hardness
6.00
6
Not Available
Brinell Hardness
2,350.00 MPa
2
Not Available
Vickers Hardness
1,960.00 MPa
2
Not Available
Speed of Sound
3,155.00 m/s
25
Not Available
Optical Properties
Allotropes
No
Yes
α Allotropes
Not Available
α-polonium
β Allotropes
Not Available
β-polonium
γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
U
Po
Isotopes
Known Isotopes
25
14
29
10
Electronegativity
Pauling Electronegativity
1.38
28
2.00
7
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.22
26
1.76
2
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
Not Available
2.48
1
Allen Electronegativity
Not Available
2.19
2
Electropositivity
Pauling Electropositivity
2.62
26
2.00
99+
Ionization Energies
1st Energy Level
597.60 kJ/mol
99+
812.10 kJ/mol
14
2nd Energy Level
1,420.00 kJ/mol
99+
Not Available
3rd Energy Level
1,900.00 kJ/mol
99+
Not Available
4th Energy Level
3,145.00 kJ/mol
99+
Not Available
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.48 g/amp-hr
99+
3.90 g/amp-hr
8
Electron Work Function
3.63 eV
30
Not Available
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
92
26
84
32
Electron Configuration
[Rn] 5f3 6d1 7s2
[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p4
Crystal Structure
Orthorhombic (ORTH)
Monoclinic (MON)
Crystal Lattice
ORTH-Crystal-Structure-of-Uranium.jpg#100
MON-Crystal-Structure-of-Polonium.jpg#100
Atom
Number of Protons
92
26
84
32
Number of Neutrons
146
13
125
19
Number of Electrons
92
26
84
32
Radius of an Atom
Atomic Radius
156.00 pm
29
168.00 pm
23
Covalent Radius
196.00 pm
14
140.00 pm
99+
Van der Waals Radius
186.00 pm
33
197.00 pm
29
Atomic Weight
238.03 amu
21
209.00 amu
28
Atomic Volume
12.59 cm3/mol
40
22.23 cm3/mol
13
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
Valence Electron Potential
170.00 (-eV)
4
Not Available
Lattice Constant
295.08 pm
99+
335.90 pm
99+
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2
π/2, π/2, π/2
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available
Not Available
Mechanical Properties
Density
Density At Room Temperature
19.10 g/cm3
17
9.20 g/cm3
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
17.30 g/cm3
7
9.40 g/cm3
19
Tensile Strength
Not Available
Not Available
Viscosity
Not Available
Not Available
Vapor Pressure
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.01 (Pa)
20
Not Available
Elasticity properties
Shear Modulus
111.00 GPa
10
Not Available
Bulk Modulus
100.00 GPa
16
Not Available
Young's Modulus
208.00 GPa
10
Not Available
Poisson Ratio
0.23
30
Not Available
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile, Malleable
NA
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
Specific Gravity
18.80
10
9.32
31
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic
Nonmagnetic
Electrical Properties
Electrical Property
Poor Conductor
Conductor
Resistivity
0.28 nΩ·m
99+
0.40 nΩ·m
99+
Electrical Conductivity
0.04 106/cm Ω
37
0.02 106/cm Ω
99+
Electron Affinity
Not Available
183.30 kJ/mol
3
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.12 J/(kg K)
40
0.12 J/(kg K)
40
Molar Heat Capacity
27.67 J/mol·K
15
26.40 J/mol·K
28
Thermal Conductivity
27.50 W/m·K
40
20.00 W/m·K
99+
Critical Temperature
Not Available
Not Available
Thermal Expansion
13.90 µm/(m·K)
27
23.50 µm/(m·K)
16
Enthalpy
Enthalpy of Vaporization
477.00 kJ/mol
13
60.30 kJ/mol
99+
Enthalpy of Fusion
15.48 kJ/mol
19
13.00 kJ/mol
26
Enthalpy of Atomization
489.50 kJ/mol
14
134.00 kJ/mol
99+
Standard Molar Entropy
50.20 J/mol.K
31
Not Available
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