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Uranium vs Polonium

Uranium
Polonium
Polonium vs Uranium


Periodic Table
Symbol
U   
Po   
Group Number
0   
18
16   
2
Period Number
7   
6   
Block
f block   
p block   
Element Family
Actinide   
Post-​Transition   
CAS Number
7440611   
28
7440086   
99+
Space Group Name
Cmcm   
Pm-3m   
Space Group Number
63.00   
10
221.00   
3
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Major mining countries of Uranium include Russia, Australia, Namibia, Canada and Niger and total 33% Uranium are mine in Kazakhstan.
  
  • Polonium was the first radioactive element to be discovered.
  • Polonium element and its compounds are highly radioactive.
  • Its alloy with Beryllium provides source of neutrons.
  
Sources
Earth's crust, Mining, Ores of Minerals   
Mining, Ores of metals   
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Not Available   
Pierre Curie and Marie Curie   
Discovery
In 1789   
In 1898   
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
2 * 10-8 %   
29
Not Available   
Abundance In Sun
~0.0000001 %   
26
~-9999 %   
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %   
99+
Not Available   
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %   
36
Not Available   
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %   
11
0.00 %   
99+
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • The main use of this metal include nuclear fuel which is used to generate electricity yin nuclear power stations.
  • Synthetic elements like transuranium are made from Uranium metal.
  
  • Polonium metal has different Allotropes, it is used in antistatic devices and for research purpose.
  • A 1 gram of Polonium can reach a temperature of 500°C, hence it is used as a heat source for space equipment.
  
Industrial Uses
Ammunition Industry, Chemical Industry   
Aerospace Industry, Ammunition Industry   
Medical Uses
NA   
NA   
Other Uses
Alloys, Jewellery, Nuclear Reactor's Fuel, Sculptures, Statues   
Alloys   
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Toxic   
Highly Toxic   
Present in Human Body
No   
No   
In Blood
Not Available   
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3   
37
In Bone
Not Available   
0.00 p.p.m.   
36
Physical Properties
Melting Point
1,132.00 °C   
39
254.00 °C   
99+
Boiling Point
3,818.00 °C   
16
962.00 °C   
99+
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid   
Solid   
Color
Silvery Gray   
Silver   
Luster
Metallic   
NA   
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
6.00   
6
Not Available   
Brinell Hardness
2,350.00 MPa   
2
Not Available   
Vickers Hardness
1,960.00 MPa   
2
Not Available   
Speed of Sound
3,155.00 m/s   
25
Not Available   
Optical Properties
  
  
Allotropes
No   
Yes   
α Allotropes
Not Available   
α-polonium   
β Allotropes
Not Available   
β-polonium   
γ Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
U   
Po   
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
25   
14
29   
10
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
1.38   
28
2.00   
7
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.22   
26
1.76   
2
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
Not Available   
2.48   
1
Allen Electronegativity
Not Available   
2.19   
2
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.62   
26
2.00   
99+
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
597.60 kJ/mol   
99+
812.10 kJ/mol   
14
2nd Energy Level
1,420.00 kJ/mol   
99+
Not Available   
3rd Energy Level
1,900.00 kJ/mol   
99+
Not Available   
4th Energy Level
3,145.00 kJ/mol   
99+
Not Available   
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.48 g/amp-hr   
99+
3.90 g/amp-hr   
8
Electron Work Function
3.63 eV   
30
Not Available   
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity   
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility   
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
92   
26
84   
32
Electron Configuration
[Rn] 5f3 6d1 7s2   
[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p4   
Crystal Structure
Orthorhombic (ORTH)   
Monoclinic (MON)   
Crystal Lattice
ORTH-Crystal-Structure-of-Uranium.jpg#100   
MON-Crystal-Structure-of-Polonium.jpg#100   
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
92   
26
84   
32
Number of Neutrons
146   
13
125   
19
Number of Electrons
92   
26
84   
32
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
156.00 pm   
29
168.00 pm   
23
Covalent Radius
196.00 pm   
14
140.00 pm   
99+
Van der Waals Radius
186.00 pm   
33
197.00 pm   
29
Atomic Weight
238.03 amu   
21
209.00 amu   
28
Atomic Volume
12.59 cm3/mol   
40
22.23 cm3/mol   
13
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Protactinium
  
Bismuth
  
Next Element
Neptunium
  
Francium
  
Valence Electron Potential
170.00 (-eV)   
4
Not Available   
Lattice Constant
295.08 pm   
99+
335.90 pm   
99+
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2   
π/2, π/2, π/2   
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available   
Not Available   
Mechanical Properties
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
19.10 g/cm3   
17
9.20 g/cm3   
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
17.30 g/cm3   
7
9.40 g/cm3   
19
Tensile Strength
Not Available   
Not Available   
Viscosity
Not Available   
Not Available   
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.01 (Pa)   
20
Not Available   
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
111.00 GPa   
10
Not Available   
Bulk Modulus
100.00 GPa   
16
Not Available   
Young's Modulus
208.00 GPa   
10
Not Available   
Poisson Ratio
0.23   
30
Not Available   
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile, Malleable   
NA   
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
18.80   
10
9.32   
31
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic   
Nonmagnetic   
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Poor Conductor   
Conductor   
Resistivity
0.28 nΩ·m   
99+
0.40 nΩ·m   
99+
Electrical Conductivity
0.04 106/cm Ω   
37
0.02 106/cm Ω   
99+
Electron Affinity
Not Available   
183.30 kJ/mol   
3
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.12 J/(kg K)   
40
0.12 J/(kg K)   
40
Molar Heat Capacity
27.67 J/mol·K   
15
26.40 J/mol·K   
28
Thermal Conductivity
27.50 W/m·K   
40
20.00 W/m·K   
99+
Critical Temperature
Not Available   
Not Available   
Thermal Expansion
13.90 µm/(m·K)   
27
23.50 µm/(m·K)   
16
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
477.00 kJ/mol   
13
60.30 kJ/mol   
99+
Enthalpy of Fusion
15.48 kJ/mol   
19
13.00 kJ/mol   
26
Enthalpy of Atomization
489.50 kJ/mol   
14
134.00 kJ/mol   
99+
Standard Molar Entropy
50.20 J/mol.K   
31
Not Available   
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