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What is Francium?
Francium


Periodic Table
Symbol
Fr
Group Number
1 17
Period Number
7 1
Block
s block
Element Family
Alkali
CAS Number
7440735 18
Space Group Name
-
Space Group Number
225.00 3
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • 223 Francium has the longest half life at 21.8.
  • Francium metal is produced by alpha decay in 227Actinium 227.
Sources
Formed by Decay Process, Mining
History
Who Discovered
Marguerite Perey
Discovery
In 1939
Abundance
Abundance In Universe
0.00 % 40
Abundance In Sun
0.00 % 30
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 % 54
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 % 60
Abundance In Oceans
-
Abundance In Humans
0.00 % 24
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Francium has no known uses as it has a half life of only 22 minutes.
Industrial Uses
-
Medical Uses
-
Other Uses
-
Biological Properties
Toxicity
-
Present in Human Body
No
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3 40
In Bone
0.00 p.p.m. 41
Physical
Melting Point
27.00 °C 81
Boiling Point
677.00 °C 78
Appearance
Physical State
Solid
Color
-
Luster
-
Hardness
Mohs Hardness
0.20 27
Brinell Hardness
119.00 MPa 59
Vickers Hardness
300.00 MPa 46
Speed of Sound
2,440.00 m/s 54
Optical Properties
Refractive Index
1.70 27
Reflectivity
72.00 % 11
Allotropes
No
α Allotropes
-
β Allotropes
-
γ Allotropes
-
Chemical
Chemical Formula
Fr
Isotopes
Known Isotopes
33 6
Electronegativity
Pauling Electronegativity
0.70 54
Sanderson Electronegativity
0.70 47
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
0.86 42
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
0.68 54
Allen Electronegativity
0.67 67
Electropositivity
Pauling Electropositivity
3.30 1
Ionization Energies
1st Energy Level
380.00 kJ/mol 89
2nd Energy Level
392.80 kJ/mol 85
3rd Energy Level
392.80 kJ/mol 91
4th Energy Level
392.80 kJ/mol 86
5th Energy Level
392.00 kJ/mol 88
6th Energy Level
3,920.00 kJ/mol 88
7th Energy level
3,920.00 kJ/mol 81
8th Energy Level
3,920.00 kJ/mol 80
9th Energy Level
3,920.00 kJ/mol 82
10th Energy Level
392.00 kJ/mol 81
11th Energy Level
392.00 kJ/mol 88
12th Energy Level
38,000.00 kJ/mol 23
13th Energy Level
3,920.00 kJ/mol 80
14th Energy Level
380.00 kJ/mol 91
15th Energy Level
67,700.00 kJ/mol 32
16th Energy Level
39,200.00 kJ/mol 66
17th Energy Level
392.00 kJ/mol 91
18th Energy Level
3,920.00 kJ/mol 78
19th Energy Level
392.80 kJ/mol 91
20th Energy Level
392.00 kJ/mol 81
21st Energy Level
392.00 kJ/mol 90
22nd Energy Level
392.00 kJ/mol 75
23rd Energy Level
392.80 kJ/mol 86
24th Energy Level
392.00 kJ/mol 87
25th Energy Level
392.00 kJ/mol 79
26th Energy Level
392.80 kJ/mol 87
27th Energy Level
392.00 kJ/mol 83
28th Energy Level
380.00 kJ/mol 86
29th Energy Level
392.00 kJ/mol 88
30th Energy Level
677.00 kJ/mol 31
Electrochemical Equivalent
8.32 g/amp-hr 1
Electron Work Function
4.07 eV 33
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity, Solubility
Atomic
Atomic Number
87 31
Electron Configuration
[Rn] 7s1
Crystal Structure
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)
Crystal Lattice
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100
Atom
Number of Protons
87 31
Number of Neutrons
136 18
Number of Electrons
87 31
Radius of an Atom
Atomic Radius
348.00 pm 1
Covalent Radius
260.00 pm 1
Van der Waals Radius
348.00 pm 1
Atomic Weight
223.00 amu 27
Atomic Volume
71.00 cm3/mol 2
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
Previous Element
41
Next Element
27
Valence Electron Potential
8.00 (-eV) 72
Lattice Constant
440.00 pm 21
Lattice Angles
-
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.56 44
Mechanical
Density
Density At Room Temperature
1.87 g/cm3 82
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
1.87 g/cm3 82
Tensile Strength
50.00 MPa 38
Viscosity
0.00 25
Vapor Pressure
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa) 37
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.00 (Pa) 24
Elasticity properties
Shear Modulus
3.60 GPa 62
Bulk Modulus
6.00 GPa 63
Young's Modulus
0.00 GPa 74
Poisson Ratio
0.44 3
Other Mechanical Properties
-
Magnetic
Magnetic Characteristics
Specific Gravity
0.87 85
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic
Permeability
0.00 H/m 13
Susceptibility
0.00 24
Electrical Properties
Electrical Property
Poor Conductor
Resistivity
3.00 nΩ·m 64
Electrical Conductivity
0.03 106/cm Ω 45
Electron Affinity
0.70 kJ/mol 47
Thermal
Specific Heat
0.15 J/(kg K) 37
Molar Heat Capacity
27.00 J/mol·K 29
Thermal Conductivity
15.00 W/m·K 55
Critical Temperature
300.00 K 77
Thermal Expansion
18.90 µm/(m·K) 25
Enthalpy
Enthalpy of Vaporization
67.00 kJ/mol 83
Enthalpy of Fusion
2.30 kJ/mol 68
Enthalpy of Atomization
71.00 kJ/mol 73
Standard Molar Entropy
42.00 J/mol.K 49
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