Uranium vs Americium
Periodic Table
Symbol
U
Am
Group Number
0
18
Not Available
Period Number
7
7
Block
f block
f block
Element Family
Actinide
Actinide
CAS Number
7440611
28
7440359
99+
Space Group Name
Cmcm
P63/mmc
Space Group Number
63.00
10
194.00
5
Facts
Interesting Facts
- Major mining countries of Uranium include Russia, Australia, Namibia, Canada and Niger and total 33% Uranium are mine in Kazakhstan.
- Americium metal is produced by bombarding Plutonium with Neutrons.
- Americium metal was discovered as a by-product while testing an atomic bomb (Manhattan Project).
Sources
Earth's crust, Mining, Ores of Minerals
Obtained By Bombarding Plutonium with Neutrons
History
Who Discovered
Not Available
Glenn T. Seaborg, Ralph A. James, Leon O. Morgan, Albert Ghiorso
Discovery
In 1789
In 1944
Abundance
Abundance In Universe
2 * 10-8 %
29
Not Available
Abundance In Sun
~0.0000001 %
26
~-9999 %
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %
99+
Not Available
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %
36
Not Available
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %
11
Not Available
Uses
Uses & Benefits
- The main use of this metal include nuclear fuel which is used to generate electricity yin nuclear power stations.
- Synthetic elements like transuranium are made from Uranium metal.
- Americium metal is used in smoke detection alarms.
- In the future, this metal has a potential to be used in batteries of spacecrafts.
Industrial Uses
Ammunition Industry, Chemical Industry
NA
Medical Uses
NA
NA
Other Uses
Alloys, Jewellery, Nuclear Reactor's Fuel, Sculptures, Statues
Alloys, Nuclear Research, Research Purposes
Biological Properties
Toxicity
Toxic
Toxic
Present in Human Body
No
No
In Blood
Not Available
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3
37
In Bone
Not Available
0.00 p.p.m.
36
Physical Properties
Melting Point
1,132.00 °C
39
994.00 °C
99+
Boiling Point
3,818.00 °C
16
2,607.00 °C
99+
Appearance
Physical State
Solid
Solid
Color
Silvery Gray
Silvery White
Luster
Metallic
NA
Hardness
Mohs Hardness
6.00
6
Not Available
Brinell Hardness
2,350.00 MPa
2
Not Available
Vickers Hardness
1,960.00 MPa
2
Not Available
Speed of Sound
3,155.00 m/s
25
Not Available
Optical Properties
Allotropes
No
No
α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
U
Am
Isotopes
Known Isotopes
25
14
16
23
Electronegativity
Pauling Electronegativity
1.38
28
1.30
32
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.22
26
1.20
27
Electropositivity
Pauling Electropositivity
2.62
26
2.70
22
Ionization Energies
1st Energy Level
597.60 kJ/mol
99+
578.00 kJ/mol
99+
2nd Energy Level
1,420.00 kJ/mol
99+
1,158.00 kJ/mol
99+
3rd Energy Level
1,900.00 kJ/mol
99+
2,132.00 kJ/mol
99+
4th Energy Level
3,145.00 kJ/mol
99+
3,493.00 kJ/mol
99+
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.48 g/amp-hr
99+
3.02 g/amp-hr
17
Electron Work Function
3.63 eV
30
Not Available
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity, Solubility
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
92
26
95
23
Electron Configuration
[Rn] 5f3 6d1 7s2
[Rn] 5f7 7s2
Crystal Structure
Orthorhombic (ORTH)
Double Hexagonal Close Packed (DHCP)
Crystal Lattice
ORTH-Crystal-Structure-of-Uranium.jpg#100
DHCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Americium.jpg#100
Atom
Number of Protons
92
26
95
23
Number of Neutrons
146
13
148
12
Number of Electrons
92
26
95
23
Radius of an Atom
Atomic Radius
156.00 pm
29
173.00 pm
21
Covalent Radius
196.00 pm
14
180.00 pm
21
Van der Waals Radius
186.00 pm
33
244.00 pm
10
Atomic Weight
238.03 amu
21
243.00 amu
20
Atomic Volume
12.59 cm3/mol
40
17.86 cm3/mol
29
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
Valence Electron Potential
170.00 (-eV)
4
44.00 (-eV)
40
Lattice Constant
295.08 pm
99+
346.81 pm
99+
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available
Not Available
Mechanical Properties
Density
Density At Room Temperature
19.10 g/cm3
17
12.00 g/cm3
30
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
17.30 g/cm3
7
Not Available
Tensile Strength
Not Available
Not Available
Viscosity
Not Available
Not Available
Vapor Pressure
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
Not Available
0.00 (Pa)
13
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.01 (Pa)
20
Not Available
Elasticity properties
Shear Modulus
111.00 GPa
10
Not Available
Bulk Modulus
100.00 GPa
16
Not Available
Young's Modulus
208.00 GPa
10
Not Available
Poisson Ratio
0.23
30
Not Available
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile, Malleable
NA
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
Specific Gravity
18.80
10
13.67
15
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic
Paramagnetic
Electrical Properties
Electrical Property
Poor Conductor
Unknown
Resistivity
0.28 nΩ·m
99+
0.69 nΩ·m
99+
Electrical Conductivity
0.04 106/cm Ω
37
0.02 106/cm Ω
99+
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.12 J/(kg K)
40
0.11 J/(kg K)
99+
Molar Heat Capacity
27.67 J/mol·K
15
62.70 J/mol·K
1
Thermal Conductivity
27.50 W/m·K
40
10.00 W/m·K
99+
Critical Temperature
Not Available
Not Available
Thermal Expansion
13.90 µm/(m·K)
27
Not Available
Enthalpy
Enthalpy of Vaporization
477.00 kJ/mol
13
Not Available
Enthalpy of Fusion
15.48 kJ/mol
19
14.39 kJ/mol
24
Enthalpy of Atomization
489.50 kJ/mol
14
268.00 kJ/mol
40
Standard Molar Entropy
50.20 J/mol.K
31
Not Available
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