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What is Bismuth?
Bismuth


Periodic Table
0
Symbol
Bi 0
Group Number
15 3
Period Number
6 2
Block
p block 0
Element Family
Post-​Transition 0
CAS Number
7440699 22
Space Group Name
C12/m1 0
Space Group Number
12.00 12
Facts
0
Interesting Facts
  • Bismuth metal is soluble and reacts with concentrated nitric acid.
  • It oxides are used as a yellow pigment in paint. Bismuth chloride oxide BiClO gives a pearly texture to cosmetics.
0
Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals 0
History
0
Who Discovered
Claude François Geoffroy 0
Discovery
In 1753 0
Abundance
0
Abundance In Universe
7 * 10-8 % 25
Abundance In Sun
~0.000006 % 14
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 % 42
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 % 51
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 % 24
Abundance In Humans
Not Available 0
Uses
0
Uses & Benefits
  • Tin and bismuth alloys have a very low melting point and hence it is used in fire detector and the fire extinguishers. It also used in electric solders and fuses.
0
Industrial Uses
Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry 0
Medical Uses
Pharmaceutical Industry 0
Other Uses
Alloys 0
Biological Properties
0
Toxicity
Low Toxic 0
Present in Human Body
Yes 0
In Blood
0.02 Blood/mg dm-3 20
In Bone
0.20 p.p.m. 22
Physical
0
Melting Point
271.30 °C 70
Boiling Point
1,560.00 °C 57
Appearance
0
Physical State
Solid 0
Color
Silver 0
Luster
Metallic 0
Hardness
0
Mohs Hardness
2.25 15
Brinell Hardness
70.00 MPa 46
Vickers Hardness
Not Available 0
Speed of Sound
1,790.00 m/s 46
Optical Properties
0
Refractive Index
Not Available 0
Reflectivity
Not Available 0
Allotropes
No 0
α Allotropes
Not Available 0
β Allotropes
Not Available 0
γ Allotropes
Not Available 0
Chemical
0
Chemical Formula
Bi 0
Isotopes
0
Known Isotopes
33 6
Electronegativity
0
Pauling Electronegativity
2.02 6
Sanderson Electronegativity
2.34 3
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.67 6
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
2.15 4
Allen Electronegativity
2.01 4
Electropositivity
0
Pauling Electropositivity
1.98 47
Ionization Energies
0
1st Energy Level
703.00 kJ/mol 35
2nd Energy Level
1,610.00 kJ/mol 33
3rd Energy Level
2,466.00 kJ/mol 48
4th Energy Level
4,370.00 kJ/mol 28
5th Energy Level
5,400.00 kJ/mol 30
6th Energy Level
8,520.00 kJ/mol 19
7th Energy level
Not Available 0
8th Energy Level
Not Available 0
9th Energy Level
Not Available 0
10th Energy Level
Not Available 0
11th Energy Level
Not Available 0
12th Energy Level
Not Available 0
13th Energy Level
Not Available 0
14th Energy Level
Not Available 0
15th Energy Level
Not Available 0
16th Energy Level
Not Available 0
17th Energy Level
Not Available 0
18th Energy Level
Not Available 0
19th Energy Level
Not Available 0
20th Energy Level
Not Available 0
21st Energy Level
Not Available 0
22nd Energy Level
Not Available 0
23rd Energy Level
Not Available 0
24th Energy Level
Not Available 0
25th Energy Level
Not Available 0
26th Energy Level
Not Available 0
27th Energy Level
Not Available 0
28th Energy Level
Not Available 0
29th Energy Level
Not Available 0
30th Energy Level
Not Available 0
Electrochemical Equivalent
2.60 g/amp-hr 19
Electron Work Function
4.22 eV 22
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility 0
Atomic
0
Atomic Number
83 33
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p3 0
Crystal Structure
Rhombohedral (RHO) 0
Crystal Lattice
RHO-Crystal-Structure-of-Bismuth.jpg#100 0
Atom
0
Number of Protons
83 33
Number of Neutrons
126 18
Number of Electrons
83 33
Radius of an Atom
0
Atomic Radius
156.00 pm 29
Covalent Radius
148.00 pm 36
Van der Waals Radius
207.00 pm 26
Atomic Weight
208.98 amu 29
Atomic Volume
21.30 cm3/mol 14
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
0
Previous Element
18 0
Next Element
41 0
Valence Electron Potential
41.90 (-eV) 44
Lattice Constant
667.40 pm 2
Lattice Angles
NA 0
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available 0
Mechanical
0
Density
0
Density At Room Temperature
9.78 g/cm3 39
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
10.05 g/cm3 18
Tensile Strength
Not Available 0
Viscosity
Not Available 0
Vapor Pressure
0
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
Not Available 0
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
Not Available 0
Elasticity properties
0
Shear Modulus
12.00 GPa 42
Bulk Modulus
31.00 GPa 38
Young's Modulus
32.00 GPa 44
Poisson Ratio
0.33 11
Other Mechanical Properties
NA 0
Magnetic
0
Magnetic Characteristics
0
Specific Gravity
9.79 30
Magnetic Ordering
Diamagnetic 0
Permeability
0.00 H/m 6
Susceptibility
0.00 6
Electrical Properties
0
Electrical Property
Semiconductor 0
Resistivity
1.29 nΩ·m 57
Electrical Conductivity
0.01 106/cm Ω 60
Electron Affinity
91.20 kJ/mol 11
Thermal
0
Specific Heat
0.12 J/(kg K) 40
Molar Heat Capacity
25.52 J/mol·K 37
Thermal Conductivity
7.97 W/m·K 67
Critical Temperature
Not Available 0
Thermal Expansion
13.40 µm/(m·K) 28
Enthalpy
0
Enthalpy of Vaporization
151.00 kJ/mol 46
Enthalpy of Fusion
10.90 kJ/mol 33
Enthalpy of Atomization
207.10 kJ/mol 44
Standard Molar Entropy
56.70 J/mol.K 24
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