Radium vs Beryllium
Periodic Table
Symbol
Ra
Be
Group Number
2
16
2
16
Period Number
7
2
Block
s block
s block
Element Family
Alkaline Earth
Alkaline Earth
CAS Number
7440144
99+
7440417
99+
Space Group Name
Im_ 3m
P63/mmc
Space Group Number
229.00
1
194.00
5
Facts
Interesting Facts
- Radium metal is the heaviest metal of Alkaline earth metals column.
- Radium metal is highly radioactive and does not have any stable isotopes.
- Beryllium is best anti corrosion metal.
- Beryllium is the lightest metal and still it is stronger than steel.
- It also finds various applications in Nuclear reactors as a reflector.
Sources
Mining, Ores of metals
Earth's crust, Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of metals, Ores of Minerals
History
Who Discovered
Not Available
Louis Nicolas Vauquelin
Discovery
In 1898
In 1797
Abundance
Abundance In Universe
Not Available
1 * 10-7 %
23
Abundance In Sun
~-9999 %
~0.00000001 %
29
Abundance In Meteorites
Not Available
0.00 %
99+
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %
99+
0.00 %
35
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %
99+
0.00 %
39
Abundance In Humans
0.00 %
20
0.00 %
19
Uses
Uses & Benefits
- It is a highly radioactive metal; and sometime Radium-223 is used to treat prostate cancer.
- It is used in luminous paints.
- Its alloys with copper or nickel are used in manufacturing Gyroscopes, springs, electrical contact and non sparking tools.
- Beryllium Alloys are used as a material for aircraft, missiles, spacecraft and satellite.
Industrial Uses
NA
Aerospace Industry, Ammunition Industry, Automobile Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
Medical Uses
Pharmaceutical Industry
NA
Other Uses
NA
Alloys
Biological Properties
Toxicity
Highly Toxic
Toxic
Present in Human Body
No
Yes
In Blood
Not Available
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3
32
In Bone
Not Available
0.00 p.p.m.
32
Physical Properties
Melting Point
700.00 °C
99+
1,278.00 °C
36
Boiling Point
1,737.00 °C
99+
2,970.00 °C
32
Appearance
Physical State
Solid
Solid
Color
Silvery White
White Gray
Luster
Metallic
Metallic
Hardness
Mohs Hardness
Not Available
5.50
7
Brinell Hardness
Not Available
590.00 MPa
21
Vickers Hardness
Not Available
1,670.00 MPa
4
Speed of Sound
Not Available
12,890.00 m/s
2
Optical Properties
Allotropes
No
No
α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Ra
Be
Isotopes
Known Isotopes
33
6
9
29
Electronegativity
Pauling Electronegativity
0.90
99+
1.57
24
Sanderson Electronegativity
Not Available
1.81
12
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
0.97
38
1.47
14
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
0.92
20
1.54
12
Allen Electronegativity
0.89
99+
1.58
23
Electropositivity
Pauling Electropositivity
3.10
5
2.43
30
Ionization Energies
1st Energy Level
509.30 kJ/mol
99+
899.50 kJ/mol
7
2nd Energy Level
979.00 kJ/mol
99+
1,757.10 kJ/mol
23
3rd Energy Level
Not Available
14,848.70 kJ/mol
2
4th Energy Level
Not Available
21,006.60 kJ/mol
2
Electrochemical Equivalent
4.22 g/amp-hr
6
0.17 g/amp-hr
99+
Electron Work Function
Not Available
4.98 eV
6
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity
Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
88
30
4
99+
Electron Configuration
[Rn] 7s2
[He] 2s2
Crystal Structure
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)
Crystal Lattice
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100
HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Beryllium.jpg#100
Atom
Number of Protons
88
30
4
99+
Number of Neutrons
138
16
5
99+
Number of Electrons
88
30
4
99+
Radius of an Atom
Atomic Radius
Not Available
112.00 pm
99+
Covalent Radius
221.00 pm
3
96.00 pm
99+
Van der Waals Radius
283.00 pm
4
153.00 pm
99+
Atomic Weight
226.00 amu
26
9.01 amu
99+
Atomic Volume
45.20 cm3/mol
4
5.00 cm3/mol
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
Valence Electron Potential
20.10 (-eV)
99+
82.00 (-eV)
15
Lattice Constant
514.80 pm
13
228.58 pm
99+
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2
π/2, π/2, π/2
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available
1.57
18
Mechanical Properties
Density
Density At Room Temperature
5.50 g/cm3
99+
1.85 g/cm3
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
Not Available
1.69 g/cm3
99+
Tensile Strength
Not Available
Not Available
Viscosity
Not Available
Not Available
Vapor Pressure
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
Not Available
0.00 (Pa)
19
Elasticity properties
Shear Modulus
Not Available
132.00 GPa
7
Bulk Modulus
Not Available
130.00 GPa
13
Young's Modulus
Not Available
287.00 GPa
7
Poisson Ratio
Not Available
0.03
35
Other Mechanical Properties
NA
NA
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
Specific Gravity
5.00
99+
1.85
99+
Magnetic Ordering
Nonmagnetic
Diamagnetic
Electrical Properties
Electrical Property
NA
Semiconductor
Resistivity
100.00 nΩ·m
31
36.00 nΩ·m
99+
Electrical Conductivity
Not Available
0.31 106/cm Ω
5
Electron Affinity
Not Available
0.00 kJ/mol
40
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.12 J/(kg K)
40
1.82 J/(kg K)
2
Molar Heat Capacity
Not Available
16.44 J/mol·K
99+
Thermal Conductivity
18.60 W/m·K
99+
200.00 W/m·K
6
Critical Temperature
Not Available
Not Available
Thermal Expansion
Not Available
11.30 µm/(m·K)
34
Enthalpy
Enthalpy of Vaporization
Not Available
294.70 kJ/mol
30
Enthalpy of Fusion
Not Available
11.72 kJ/mol
30
Enthalpy of Atomization
163.00 kJ/mol
99+
326.40 kJ/mol
30
Standard Molar Entropy
71.00 J/mol.K
14
9.50 J/mol.K
99+
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