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Radium vs Beryllium

Radium
Beryllium
Beryllium vs Radium


Periodic Table
Symbol
Ra   
Be   
Group Number
2   
16
2   
16
Period Number
7   
2   
Block
s block   
s block   
Element Family
Alkaline Earth   
Alkaline Earth   
CAS Number
7440144   
99+
7440417   
99+
Space Group Name
Im_ 3m   
P63/mmc   
Space Group Number
229.00   
1
194.00   
5
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Radium metal is the heaviest metal of Alkaline earth metals column.
  • Radium metal is highly radioactive and does not have any stable isotopes.
  
  • Beryllium is best anti corrosion metal.
  • Beryllium is the lightest metal and still it is stronger than steel.
  • It also finds various applications in Nuclear reactors as a reflector.
  
Sources
Mining, Ores of metals   
Earth's crust, Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of metals, Ores of Minerals   
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Not Available   
Louis Nicolas Vauquelin   
Discovery
In 1898   
In 1797   
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
Not Available   
1 * 10-7 %   
23
Abundance In Sun
~-9999 %   
~0.00000001 %   
29
Abundance In Meteorites
Not Available   
0.00 %   
99+
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %   
99+
0.00 %   
35
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %   
99+
0.00 %   
39
Abundance In Humans
0.00 %   
20
0.00 %   
19
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • It is a highly radioactive metal; and sometime Radium-223 is used to treat prostate cancer.
  • It is used in luminous paints.
  
  • Its alloys with copper or nickel are used in manufacturing Gyroscopes, springs, electrical contact and non sparking tools.
  • Beryllium Alloys are used as a material for aircraft, missiles, spacecraft and satellite.
  
Industrial Uses
NA   
Aerospace Industry, Ammunition Industry, Automobile Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry   
Medical Uses
Pharmaceutical Industry   
NA   
Other Uses
NA   
Alloys   
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Highly Toxic   
Toxic   
Present in Human Body
No   
Yes   
In Blood
Not Available   
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3   
32
In Bone
Not Available   
0.00 p.p.m.   
32
Physical Properties
Melting Point
700.00 °C   
99+
1,278.00 °C   
36
Boiling Point
1,737.00 °C   
99+
2,970.00 °C   
32
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid   
Solid   
Color
Silvery White   
White Gray   
Luster
Metallic   
Metallic   
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
Not Available   
5.50   
7
Brinell Hardness
Not Available   
590.00 MPa   
21
Vickers Hardness
Not Available   
1,670.00 MPa   
4
Speed of Sound
Not Available   
12,890.00 m/s   
2
Optical Properties
  
  
Allotropes
No   
No   
α Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
β Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
γ Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Ra   
Be   
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
33   
6
9   
29
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
0.90   
99+
1.57   
24
Sanderson Electronegativity
Not Available   
1.81   
12
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
0.97   
38
1.47   
14
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
0.92   
20
1.54   
12
Allen Electronegativity
0.89   
99+
1.58   
23
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
3.10   
5
2.43   
30
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
509.30 kJ/mol   
99+
899.50 kJ/mol   
7
2nd Energy Level
979.00 kJ/mol   
99+
1,757.10 kJ/mol   
23
3rd Energy Level
Not Available   
14,848.70 kJ/mol   
2
4th Energy Level
Not Available   
21,006.60 kJ/mol   
2
Electrochemical Equivalent
4.22 g/amp-hr   
6
0.17 g/amp-hr   
99+
Electron Work Function
Not Available   
4.98 eV   
6
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity   
Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes   
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
88   
30
4   
99+
Electron Configuration
[Rn] 7s2   
[He] 2s2   
Crystal Structure
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)   
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)   
Crystal Lattice
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100   
HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Beryllium.jpg#100   
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
88   
30
4   
99+
Number of Neutrons
138   
16
5   
99+
Number of Electrons
88   
30
4   
99+
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
Not Available   
112.00 pm   
99+
Covalent Radius
221.00 pm   
3
96.00 pm   
99+
Van der Waals Radius
283.00 pm   
4
153.00 pm   
99+
Atomic Weight
226.00 amu   
26
9.01 amu   
99+
Atomic Volume
45.20 cm3/mol   
4
5.00 cm3/mol   
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Francium
  
Lithium
  
Next Element
Actinium
  
Sodium
  
Valence Electron Potential
20.10 (-eV)   
99+
82.00 (-eV)   
15
Lattice Constant
514.80 pm   
13
228.58 pm   
99+
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2   
π/2, π/2, π/2   
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available   
1.57   
18
Mechanical Properties
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
5.50 g/cm3   
99+
1.85 g/cm3   
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
Not Available   
1.69 g/cm3   
99+
Tensile Strength
Not Available   
Not Available   
Viscosity
Not Available   
Not Available   
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
Not Available   
0.00 (Pa)   
19
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
Not Available   
132.00 GPa   
7
Bulk Modulus
Not Available   
130.00 GPa   
13
Young's Modulus
Not Available   
287.00 GPa   
7
Poisson Ratio
Not Available   
0.03   
35
Other Mechanical Properties
NA   
NA   
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
5.00   
99+
1.85   
99+
Magnetic Ordering
Nonmagnetic   
Diamagnetic   
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
NA   
Semiconductor   
Resistivity
100.00 nΩ·m   
31
36.00 nΩ·m   
99+
Electrical Conductivity
Not Available   
0.31 106/cm Ω   
5
Electron Affinity
Not Available   
0.00 kJ/mol   
40
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.12 J/(kg K)   
40
1.82 J/(kg K)   
2
Molar Heat Capacity
Not Available   
16.44 J/mol·K   
99+
Thermal Conductivity
18.60 W/m·K   
99+
200.00 W/m·K   
6
Critical Temperature
Not Available   
Not Available   
Thermal Expansion
Not Available   
11.30 µm/(m·K)   
34
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
Not Available   
294.70 kJ/mol   
30
Enthalpy of Fusion
Not Available   
11.72 kJ/mol   
30
Enthalpy of Atomization
163.00 kJ/mol   
99+
326.40 kJ/mol   
30
Standard Molar Entropy
71.00 J/mol.K   
14
9.50 J/mol.K   
99+
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