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What is Sodium?
Sodium


Periodic Table
0
Symbol
Na 0
Group Number
1 17
Period Number
3 5
Block
s block 0
Element Family
Alkali 0
CAS Number
7440235 57
Space Group Name
Im_ 3m 0
Space Group Number
229.00 1
Facts
0
Interesting Facts
  • At room temperature Sodium metal is very soft as it can be chopped down into pieces with butter knife.
  • The most common compound of Sodium is NaCl (Salt).
0
Sources
By Electrolysis Process, Mining 0
History
0
Who Discovered
Humphry Davy 0
Discovery
In 1807 0
Abundance
0
Abundance In Universe
2 * 10-3 % 6
Abundance In Sun
~0.004 % 6
Abundance In Meteorites
0.55 % 6
Abundance In Earth's Crust
2.30 % 5
Abundance In Oceans
1.10 % 1
Abundance In Humans
0.14 % 3
Uses
0
Uses & Benefits
  • In some nuclear reactors sodium is used as a heat exchanger.
  • Compound of Sodium metals called Salt (Sodium chloride) is used in Food.
0
Industrial Uses
Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry 0
Medical Uses
Pharmaceutical Industry 0
Other Uses
Alloys 0
Biological Properties
0
Toxicity
Toxic 0
Present in Human Body
Yes 0
In Blood
1,970.00 Blood/mg dm-3 1
In Bone
10,000.00 p.p.m. 2
Physical
0
Melting Point
97.72 °C 75
Boiling Point
883.00 °C 71
Appearance
0
Physical State
Solid 0
Color
Silvery White 0
Luster
Metallic 0
Hardness
0
Mohs Hardness
0.50 22
Brinell Hardness
0.69 MPa 53
Vickers Hardness
Not Available 0
Speed of Sound
3,200.00 m/s 24
Optical Properties
0
Refractive Index
Not Available 0
Reflectivity
Not Available 0
Allotropes
No 0
α Allotropes
Not Available 0
β Allotropes
Not Available 0
γ Allotropes
Not Available 0
Chemical
0
Chemical Formula
Na 0
Isotopes
0
Known Isotopes
17 22
Electronegativity
0
Pauling Electronegativity
0.93 48
Sanderson Electronegativity
0.56 30
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.01 35
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
0.91 21
Allen Electronegativity
0.87 44
Electropositivity
0
Pauling Electropositivity
3.07 6
Ionization Energies
0
1st Energy Level
495.80 kJ/mol 85
2nd Energy Level
4,562.00 kJ/mol 4
3rd Energy Level
6,910.30 kJ/mol 6
4th Energy Level
9,543.00 kJ/mol 5
5th Energy Level
13,354.00 kJ/mol 4
6th Energy Level
16,613.00 kJ/mol 4
7th Energy level
20,117.00 kJ/mol 4
8th Energy Level
25,496.00 kJ/mol 4
9th Energy Level
28,932.00 kJ/mol 4
10th Energy Level
141,362.00 kJ/mol 2
11th Energy Level
159,076.00 kJ/mol 2
12th Energy Level
Not Available 0
13th Energy Level
Not Available 0
14th Energy Level
Not Available 0
15th Energy Level
Not Available 0
16th Energy Level
Not Available 0
17th Energy Level
Not Available 0
18th Energy Level
Not Available 0
19th Energy Level
Not Available 0
20th Energy Level
Not Available 0
21st Energy Level
Not Available 0
22nd Energy Level
Not Available 0
23rd Energy Level
Not Available 0
24th Energy Level
Not Available 0
25th Energy Level
Not Available 0
26th Energy Level
Not Available 0
27th Energy Level
Not Available 0
28th Energy Level
Not Available 0
29th Energy Level
Not Available 0
30th Energy Level
Not Available 0
Electrochemical Equivalent
0.86 g/amp-hr 62
Electron Work Function
2.75 eV 40
Other Chemical Properties
Chemical Stability, Corrosion, Flammability, Ionization, Solubility 0
Atomic
0
Atomic Number
11 90
Electron Configuration
[Ne] 3s1 0
Crystal Structure
Body Centered Cubic (BCC) 0
Crystal Lattice
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100 0
Atom
0
Number of Protons
11 89
Number of Neutrons
12 66
Number of Electrons
11 89
Radius of an Atom
0
Atomic Radius
186.00 pm 9
Covalent Radius
166.00 pm 27
Van der Waals Radius
227.00 pm 21
Atomic Weight
22.99 amu 84
Atomic Volume
23.70 cm3/mol 10
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
0
Previous Element
25 0
Next Element
10 0
Valence Electron Potential
14.10 (-eV) 61
Lattice Constant
429.06 pm 19
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2 0
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available 0
Mechanical
0
Density
0
Density At Room Temperature
0.97 g/cm3 82
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
0.93 g/cm3 58
Tensile Strength
Not Available 0
Viscosity
Not Available 0
Vapor Pressure
0
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
Not Available 0
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
Not Available 0
Elasticity properties
0
Shear Modulus
3.30 GPa 50
Bulk Modulus
6.30 GPa 47
Young's Modulus
10.00 GPa 52
Poisson Ratio
Not Available 0
Other Mechanical Properties
NA 0
Magnetic
0
Magnetic Characteristics
0
Specific Gravity
0.97 68
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic 0
Permeability
Not Available 0
Susceptibility
Not Available 0
Electrical Properties
0
Electrical Property
Conductor 0
Resistivity
47.70 nΩ·m 43
Electrical Conductivity
0.21 106/cm Ω 9
Electron Affinity
52.80 kJ/mol 19
Thermal
0
Specific Heat
1.23 J/(kg K) 3
Molar Heat Capacity
28.23 J/mol·K 10
Thermal Conductivity
142.00 W/m·K 11
Critical Temperature
2,573.00 K 2
Thermal Expansion
71.00 µm/(m·K) 4
Enthalpy
0
Enthalpy of Vaporization
89.04 kJ/mol 54
Enthalpy of Fusion
2.59 kJ/mol 59
Enthalpy of Atomization
108.40 kJ/mol 57
Standard Molar Entropy
51.30 J/mol.K 28
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