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What is Potassium?
Potassium


Periodic Table
0
Symbol
K 0
Group Number
1 17
Period Number
4 4
Block
s block 0
Element Family
Alkali 0
CAS Number
7440097 70
Space Group Name
Im_ 3m 0
Space Group Number
229.00 1
Facts
0
Interesting Facts
  • In the list of most abundant element Potassium is ranked 7th.
  • Potassium can easily be sliced (chopped) down using knife.
0
Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining 0
History
0
Who Discovered
Humphry Davy 0
Discovery
In 1807 0
Abundance
0
Abundance In Universe
3 * 10-4 % 9
Abundance In Sun
~0.0004 % 9
Abundance In Meteorites
0.07 % 9
Abundance In Earth's Crust
1.50 % 6
Abundance In Oceans
0.04 % 3
Abundance In Humans
0.20 % 2
Uses
0
Uses & Benefits
  • Potassium’s compounds are in high demand for their application in Fertilizer manufacturing.
  • Potassium carbonate is used in glass manufacturing and Potassium carbonate in manufacturing detergent and body wash.
0
Industrial Uses
Ammunition Industry, Chemical Industry 0
Medical Uses
Pharmaceutical Industry 0
Other Uses
NA 0
Biological Properties
0
Toxicity
Toxic 0
Present in Human Body
Yes 0
In Blood
1,620.00 Blood/mg dm-3 2
In Bone
2,100.00 p.p.m. 3
Physical
0
Melting Point
63.65 °C 77
Boiling Point
774.00 °C 72
Appearance
0
Physical State
Solid 0
Color
Silvery Gray 0
Luster
NA 0
Hardness
0
Mohs Hardness
0.40 23
Brinell Hardness
0.36 MPa 54
Vickers Hardness
Not Available 0
Speed of Sound
2,000.00 m/s 45
Optical Properties
0
Refractive Index
Not Available 0
Reflectivity
Not Available 0
Allotropes
No 0
α Allotropes
Not Available 0
β Allotropes
Not Available 0
γ Allotropes
Not Available 0
Chemical
0
Chemical Formula
K 0
Isotopes
0
Known Isotopes
20 19
Electronegativity
0
Pauling Electronegativity
0.82 51
Sanderson Electronegativity
0.45 31
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
0.91 39
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
0.73 23
Allen Electronegativity
0.73 45
Electropositivity
0
Pauling Electropositivity
3.18 3
Ionization Energies
0
1st Energy Level
418.80 kJ/mol 87
2nd Energy Level
3,052.00 kJ/mol 5
3rd Energy Level
4,420.00 kJ/mol 8
4th Energy Level
5,877.00 kJ/mol 9
5th Energy Level
7,975.00 kJ/mol 8
6th Energy Level
9,590.00 kJ/mol 13
7th Energy level
11,343.00 kJ/mol 17
8th Energy Level
14,944.00 kJ/mol 13
9th Energy Level
16,963.70 kJ/mol 15
10th Energy Level
48,610.00 kJ/mol 3
11th Energy Level
54,490.00 kJ/mol 4
12th Energy Level
60,730.00 kJ/mol 4
13th Energy Level
68,950.00 kJ/mol 4
14th Energy Level
75,900.00 kJ/mol 5
15th Energy Level
83,080.00 kJ/mol 6
16th Energy Level
93,400.00 kJ/mol 7
17th Energy Level
99,710.00 kJ/mol 8
18th Energy Level
Not Available 100
19th Energy Level
Not Available 100
20th Energy Level
Not Available 0
21st Energy Level
Not Available 0
22nd Energy Level
Not Available 0
23rd Energy Level
Not Available 0
24th Energy Level
Not Available 0
25th Energy Level
Not Available 0
26th Energy Level
Not Available 0
27th Energy Level
Not Available 0
28th Energy Level
Not Available 0
29th Energy Level
Not Available 0
30th Energy Level
Not Available 0
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.46 g/amp-hr 47
Electron Work Function
2.30 eV 44
Other Chemical Properties
Chemical Stability, Flammability, Ionization, Solubility 0
Atomic
0
Atomic Number
19 87
Electron Configuration
[Ar] 4s1 0
Crystal Structure
Body Centered Cubic (BCC) 0
Crystal Lattice
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100 0
Atom
0
Number of Protons
19 86
Number of Neutrons
20 64
Number of Electrons
19 86
Radius of an Atom
0
Atomic Radius
227.00 pm 3
Covalent Radius
203.00 pm 9
Van der Waals Radius
275.00 pm 5
Atomic Weight
39.10 amu 81
Atomic Volume
45.46 cm3/mol 3
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
0
Previous Element
17 0
Next Element
12 0
Valence Electron Potential
10.40 (-eV) 63
Lattice Constant
532.80 pm 12
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2 0
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available 0
Mechanical
0
Density
0
Density At Room Temperature
0.86 g/cm3 83
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
0.83 g/cm3 59
Tensile Strength
Not Available 0
Viscosity
Not Available 0
Vapor Pressure
0
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
Not Available 0
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
Not Available 0
Elasticity properties
0
Shear Modulus
1.30 GPa 52
Bulk Modulus
3.10 GPa 48
Young's Modulus
3.53 GPa 56
Poisson Ratio
Not Available 0
Other Mechanical Properties
NA 0
Magnetic
0
Magnetic Characteristics
0
Specific Gravity
0.86 69
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic 0
Permeability
Not Available 0
Susceptibility
Not Available 0
Electrical Properties
0
Electrical Property
Conductor 0
Resistivity
72.00 nΩ·m 37
Electrical Conductivity
0.14 106/cm Ω 14
Electron Affinity
48.40 kJ/mol 22
Thermal
0
Specific Heat
0.75 J/(kg K) 6
Molar Heat Capacity
29.60 J/mol·K 6
Thermal Conductivity
102.50 W/m·K 15
Critical Temperature
2,223.00 K 3
Thermal Expansion
83.30 µm/(m·K) 3
Enthalpy
0
Enthalpy of Vaporization
77.50 kJ/mol 55
Enthalpy of Fusion
2.32 kJ/mol 60
Enthalpy of Atomization
89.50 kJ/mol 58
Standard Molar Entropy
64.70 J/mol.K 18
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