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What is Gadolinium?
Gadolinium


Periodic Table
0
Symbol
Gd 0
Group Number
0 18
Period Number
6 2
Block
f block 0
Element Family
Lanthanide 0
CAS Number
7440542 33
Space Group Name
P63/mmc 0
Space Group Number
194.00 5
Facts
0
Interesting Facts
  • Gadolinium is not found free in nature, hence it is not a native metal.
  • Gadolinium metal found in minerals like Monazite and Bastnaesite.
0
Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining 0
History
0
Who Discovered
Jean Charles Galissard de Marignac 0
Discovery
In 1880 0
Abundance
0
Abundance In Universe
2 * 10-7 % 22
Abundance In Sun
~0.0000002 % 25
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 % 34
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 % 30
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 % 38
Abundance In Humans
Not Available 0
Uses
0
Uses & Benefits
  • Its alloys are also used in making Magnets, electronic components and Data storage devices.
  • Compound of Gadolinium metal are used in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).
0
Industrial Uses
Aerospace Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry 0
Medical Uses
NA 0
Other Uses
Alloys 0
Biological Properties
0
Toxicity
Non Toxic 0
Present in Human Body
No 0
In Blood
Not Available 0
In Bone
Not Available 0
Physical
0
Melting Point
1,311.00 °C 35
Boiling Point
3,233.00 °C 25
Appearance
0
Physical State
Solid 0
Color
Silvery White 0
Luster
Metallic 0
Hardness
0
Mohs Hardness
Not Available 0
Brinell Hardness
Not Available 0
Vickers Hardness
510.00 MPa 22
Speed of Sound
2,680.00 m/s 34
Optical Properties
0
Refractive Index
Not Available 0
Reflectivity
Not Available 0
Allotropes
No 0
α Allotropes
Not Available 0
β Allotropes
Not Available 0
γ Allotropes
Not Available 0
Chemical
0
Chemical Formula
Gd 0
Isotopes
0
Known Isotopes
26 13
Electronegativity
0
Pauling Electronegativity
1.20 39
Sanderson Electronegativity
Not Available 0
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.11 29
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
Not Available 0
Allen Electronegativity
Not Available 0
Electropositivity
0
Pauling Electropositivity
2.80 15
Ionization Energies
0
1st Energy Level
593.40 kJ/mol 56
2nd Energy Level
1,170.00 kJ/mol 65
3rd Energy Level
1,990.00 kJ/mol 75
4th Energy Level
4,250.00 kJ/mol 30
5th Energy Level
Not Available 0
6th Energy Level
Not Available 0
7th Energy level
Not Available 0
8th Energy Level
Not Available 0
9th Energy Level
Not Available 0
10th Energy Level
Not Available 0
11th Energy Level
Not Available 0
12th Energy Level
Not Available 0
13th Energy Level
Not Available 0
14th Energy Level
Not Available 0
15th Energy Level
Not Available 0
16th Energy Level
Not Available 0
17th Energy Level
Not Available 0
18th Energy Level
Not Available 0
19th Energy Level
Not Available 0
20th Energy Level
Not Available 0
21st Energy Level
Not Available 0
22nd Energy Level
Not Available 0
23rd Energy Level
Not Available 0
24th Energy Level
Not Available 0
25th Energy Level
Not Available 0
26th Energy Level
Not Available 0
27th Energy Level
Not Available 0
28th Energy Level
Not Available 0
29th Energy Level
Not Available 0
30th Energy Level
Not Available 0
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.96 g/amp-hr 32
Electron Work Function
3.10 eV 35
Other Chemical Properties
Corrosion, Flammable, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes 0
Atomic
0
Atomic Number
64 52
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f7 5d1 6s2 0
Crystal Structure
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP) 0
Crystal Lattice
HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Gadolinium.jpg#100 0
Atom
0
Number of Protons
64 51
Number of Neutrons
93 37
Number of Electrons
64 51
Radius of an Atom
0
Atomic Radius
180.00 pm 14
Covalent Radius
196.00 pm 14
Van der Waals Radius
237.00 pm 15
Atomic Weight
47.87 amu 78
Atomic Volume
19.90 cm3/mol 20
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
0
Previous Element
73 0
Next Element
77 0
Valence Electron Potential
46.10 (-eV) 34
Lattice Constant
363.60 pm 32
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3 0
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.59 9
Mechanical
0
Density
0
Density At Room Temperature
7.90 g/cm3 51
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
7.40 g/cm3 31
Tensile Strength
Not Available 0
Viscosity
Not Available 0
Vapor Pressure
0
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa) 30
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
7.39 (Pa) 9
Elasticity properties
0
Shear Modulus
21.80 GPa 33
Bulk Modulus
37.90 GPa 34
Young's Modulus
54.80 GPa 35
Poisson Ratio
0.26 23
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile, Malleable 0
Magnetic
0
Magnetic Characteristics
0
Specific Gravity
7.90 40
Magnetic Ordering
Ferromagnetic 0
Permeability
Not Available 0
Susceptibility
Not Available 0
Electrical Properties
0
Electrical Property
Conductor 0
Resistivity
1.31 nΩ·m 56
Electrical Conductivity
0.01 106/cm Ω 62
Electron Affinity
50.00 kJ/mol 21
Thermal
0
Specific Heat
0.23 J/(kg K) 27
Molar Heat Capacity
37.03 J/mol·K 2
Thermal Conductivity
10.60 W/m·K 64
Critical Temperature
Not Available 0
Thermal Expansion
9.40 µm/(m·K) 42
Enthalpy
0
Enthalpy of Vaporization
359.40 kJ/mol 21
Enthalpy of Fusion
10.05 kJ/mol 36
Enthalpy of Atomization
352.00 kJ/mol 27
Standard Molar Entropy
68.10 J/mol.K 16
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