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What is Thulium?
Thulium


Periodic Table
0
Symbol
Tm 0
Group Number
Not Available 0
Period Number
6 2
Block
f block 0
Element Family
Lanthanide 0
CAS Number
7440304 51
Space Group Name
P63/mmc 0
Space Group Number
194.00 5
Facts
0
Interesting Facts
  • Thulium metal can resist corrosion due to dry air .
  • Only Tm-169 isotope of Thulium metal occur naturally.
0
Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals 0
History
0
Who Discovered
Per Teodor Cleve 0
Discovery
In 1879 0
Abundance
0
Abundance In Universe
1 * 10-8 % 30
Abundance In Sun
~0.00000002 % 28
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 % 47
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 % 43
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 % 41
Abundance In Humans
Not Available 0
Uses
0
Uses & Benefits
  • Thulium metal produces isotopes that emits X-rays. This isotope is used in X-ray machine.
  • Thulium element is also used in Surgical equipment like laser.
0
Industrial Uses
NA 0
Medical Uses
NA 0
Other Uses
Alloys, Nuclear Research, Research Purposes 0
Biological Properties
0
Toxicity
Unknown 0
Present in Human Body
No 0
In Blood
Not Available 0
In Bone
Not Available 0
Physical
0
Melting Point
1,545.00 °C 23
Boiling Point
1,730.00 °C 55
Appearance
0
Physical State
Solid 0
Color
Silvery Gray 0
Luster
Metallic 0
Hardness
0
Mohs Hardness
Not Available 0
Brinell Hardness
471.00 MPa 25
Vickers Hardness
520.00 MPa 21
Speed of Sound
Not Available 0
Optical Properties
0
Refractive Index
Not Available 0
Reflectivity
Not Available 0
Allotropes
No 0
α Allotropes
Not Available 0
β Allotropes
Not Available 0
γ Allotropes
Not Available 0
Chemical
0
Chemical Formula
Tm 0
Isotopes
0
Known Isotopes
32 7
Electronegativity
0
Pauling Electronegativity
1.25 35
Sanderson Electronegativity
Not Available 0
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.11 29
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
Not Available 0
Allen Electronegativity
Not Available 0
Electropositivity
0
Pauling Electropositivity
2.75 19
Ionization Energies
0
1st Energy Level
596.70 kJ/mol 55
2nd Energy Level
1,160.00 kJ/mol 66
3rd Energy Level
2,285.00 kJ/mol 57
4th Energy Level
4,120.00 kJ/mol 33
5th Energy Level
Not Available 0
6th Energy Level
Not Available 0
7th Energy level
Not Available 0
8th Energy Level
Not Available 0
9th Energy Level
Not Available 0
10th Energy Level
Not Available 0
11th Energy Level
Not Available 0
12th Energy Level
Not Available 0
13th Energy Level
Not Available 0
14th Energy Level
Not Available 0
15th Energy Level
Not Available 0
16th Energy Level
Not Available 0
17th Energy Level
Not Available 0
18th Energy Level
Not Available 0
19th Energy Level
Not Available 0
20th Energy Level
Not Available 0
21st Energy Level
Not Available 0
22nd Energy Level
Not Available 0
23rd Energy Level
Not Available 0
24th Energy Level
Not Available 0
25th Energy Level
Not Available 0
26th Energy Level
Not Available 0
27th Energy Level
Not Available 0
28th Energy Level
Not Available 0
29th Energy Level
Not Available 0
30th Energy Level
Not Available 0
Electrochemical Equivalent
2.10 g/amp-hr 26
Electron Work Function
Not Available 0
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility 0
Atomic
0
Atomic Number
69 47
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f13 6s2 0
Crystal Structure
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP) 0
Crystal Lattice
HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Thulium.jpg#100 0
Atom
0
Number of Protons
69 46
Number of Neutrons
100 32
Number of Electrons
69 46
Radius of an Atom
0
Atomic Radius
176.00 pm 18
Covalent Radius
160.00 pm 30
Van der Waals Radius
Not Available 0
Atomic Weight
168.93 amu 42
Atomic Volume
18.10 cm3/mol 28
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
0
Previous Element
48 0
Next Element
76 0
Valence Electron Potential
49.70 (-eV) 28
Lattice Constant
353.75 pm 40
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3 0
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.57 17
Mechanical
0
Density
0
Density At Room Temperature
9.32 g/cm3 40
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
8.56 g/cm3 24
Tensile Strength
Not Available 0
Viscosity
Not Available 0
Vapor Pressure
0
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.06 (Pa) 10
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
Not Available 0
Elasticity properties
0
Shear Modulus
30.50 GPa 22
Bulk Modulus
44.50 GPa 26
Young's Modulus
74.00 GPa 27
Poisson Ratio
0.21 31
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile, Malleable 0
Magnetic
0
Magnetic Characteristics
0
Specific Gravity
9.32 31
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic 0
Permeability
Not Available 0
Susceptibility
Not Available 0
Electrical Properties
0
Electrical Property
Conductor 0
Resistivity
676.00 nΩ·m 5
Electrical Conductivity
0.02 106/cm Ω 49
Electron Affinity
50.00 kJ/mol 21
Thermal
0
Specific Heat
0.16 J/(kg K) 35
Molar Heat Capacity
27.03 J/mol·K 22
Thermal Conductivity
16.90 W/m·K 49
Critical Temperature
Not Available 0
Thermal Expansion
13.30 µm/(m·K) 29
Enthalpy
0
Enthalpy of Vaporization
191.00 kJ/mol 42
Enthalpy of Fusion
16.80 kJ/mol 17
Enthalpy of Atomization
247.00 kJ/mol 41
Standard Molar Entropy
74.00 J/mol.K 9
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