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What is Praseodymium?
Praseodymium


Periodic Table
Symbol
Pr
Group Number
3 15
Period Number
6 2
Block
f block
Element Family
Lanthanide
CAS Number
7440100 69
Space Group Name
P63/mmc
Space Group Number
194.00 7
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Praseodymium metal is synthetically produced metal.
  • Praseodymium is used as possible fuel for radioactive generators.
Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals
History
Who Discovered
-
Discovery
In 1885
Abundance
Abundance In Universe
0.00 % 23
Abundance In Sun
0.00 % 26
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 % 40
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 % 27
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 % 39
Abundance In Humans
0.00 % 24
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • The main use of Praseodymium include alloys. Praseodymium –Magnesium alloy is used in aircraft engines due to its high strength.
  • This metal is also used while making a permanent magnets.
Industrial Uses
Chemical Industry
Medical Uses
-
Other Uses
Alloys
Biological Properties
Toxicity
Moderately Toxic
Present in Human Body
No
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3 33
In Bone
0.00 p.p.m. 41
Physical
Melting Point
935.00 °C 48
Boiling Point
3,130.00 °C 28
Appearance
Physical State
Solid
Color
Grayish White
Luster
Metallic
Hardness
Mohs Hardness
4.00 11
Brinell Hardness
481.00 MPa 29
Vickers Hardness
400.00 MPa 41
Speed of Sound
2,280.00 m/s 57
Optical Properties
Refractive Index
1.64 30
Reflectivity
60.00 % 23
Allotropes
No
α Allotropes
-
β Allotropes
-
γ Allotropes
-
Chemical
Chemical Formula
Pr
Isotopes
Known Isotopes
31 8
Electronegativity
Pauling Electronegativity
1.13 43
Sanderson Electronegativity
1.13 36
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.07 33
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
1.13 42
Allen Electronegativity
1.13 53
Electropositivity
Pauling Electropositivity
2.87 12
Ionization Energies
1st Energy Level
527.00 kJ/mol 78
2nd Energy Level
1,020.00 kJ/mol 81
3rd Energy Level
2,086.00 kJ/mol 73
4th Energy Level
3,761.00 kJ/mol 57
5th Energy Level
5,551.00 kJ/mol 63
6th Energy Level
5,270.00 kJ/mol 82
7th Energy level
5,270.00 kJ/mol 74
8th Energy Level
5,270.00 kJ/mol 73
9th Energy Level
5,270.00 kJ/mol 72
10th Energy Level
5,270.00 kJ/mol 70
11th Energy Level
5,274.00 kJ/mol 75
12th Energy Level
5,270.00 kJ/mol 78
13th Energy Level
5,270.00 kJ/mol 68
14th Energy Level
5,270.00 kJ/mol 53
15th Energy Level
52,700.00 kJ/mol 67
16th Energy Level
52,700.00 kJ/mol 54
17th Energy Level
527.30 kJ/mol 83
18th Energy Level
5,270.00 kJ/mol 69
19th Energy Level
527.30 kJ/mol 82
20th Energy Level
527.00 kJ/mol 72
21st Energy Level
527.00 kJ/mol 82
22nd Energy Level
527.00 kJ/mol 66
23rd Energy Level
527.00 kJ/mol 79
24th Energy Level
527.40 kJ/mol 78
25th Energy Level
527.00 kJ/mol 70
26th Energy Level
527.40 kJ/mol 78
27th Energy Level
527.40 kJ/mol 73
28th Energy Level
527.40 kJ/mol 76
29th Energy Level
527.00 kJ/mol 79
30th Energy Level
527.00 kJ/mol 73
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.75 g/amp-hr 44
Electron Work Function
2.70 eV 52
Other Chemical Properties
Anti Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes
Atomic
Atomic Number
59 57
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f3 6s2
Crystal Structure
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)
Crystal Lattice
HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Praseodymium.jpg#100
Atom
Number of Protons
59 56
Number of Neutrons
82 42
Number of Electrons
59 56
Radius of an Atom
Atomic Radius
182.00 pm 13
Covalent Radius
203.00 pm 9
Van der Waals Radius
239.00 pm 18
Atomic Weight
140.91 amu 51
Atomic Volume
20.80 cm3/mol 25
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
Previous Element
49
Next Element
13
Valence Electron Potential
42.64 (-eV) 43
Lattice Constant
367.25 pm 32
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.61 18
Mechanical
Density
Density At Room Temperature
6.77 g/cm3 68
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
6.50 g/cm3 68
Tensile Strength
55.00 MPa 37
Viscosity
0.00 25
Vapor Pressure
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa) 27
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
13.20 (Pa) 7
Elasticity properties
Shear Modulus
14.80 GPa 50
Bulk Modulus
28.80 GPa 51
Young's Modulus
37.30 GPa 46
Poisson Ratio
0.28 16
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile, Malleable
Magnetic
Magnetic Characteristics
Specific Gravity
6.77 66
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic
Permeability
0.00 H/m 12
Susceptibility
0.00 19
Electrical Properties
Electrical Property
Conductor
Resistivity
0.70 nΩ·m 77
Electrical Conductivity
0.01 106/cm Ω 55
Electron Affinity
50.00 kJ/mol 26
Thermal
Specific Heat
0.19 J/(kg K) 33
Molar Heat Capacity
27.20 J/mol·K 24
Thermal Conductivity
12.50 W/m·K 61
Critical Temperature
1,208.00 K 51
Thermal Expansion
6.70 µm/(m·K) 65
Enthalpy
Enthalpy of Vaporization
296.80 kJ/mol 47
Enthalpy of Fusion
6.89 kJ/mol 55
Enthalpy of Atomization
368.00 kJ/mol 33
Standard Molar Entropy
73.20 J/mol.K 10
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