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What is Holmium?
Holmium


Periodic Table
Symbol
Ho
Group Number
3 15
Period Number
6 2
Block
f block
Element Family
Lanthanide
CAS Number
7440600 29
Space Group Name
P63/mmc
Space Group Number
194.00 7
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Holmium metal is very soft and malleable.
  • Holmium metal is well known for its corrosion resistivity.
Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals
History
Who Discovered
Marc Delafontaine
Discovery
In 1878
Abundance
Abundance In Universe
0.00 % 28
Abundance In Sun
-
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 % 43
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 % 38
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 % 41
Abundance In Humans
0.00 % 24
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Holmium metal has an ability to absorb neutrons, so this metal is used in nuclear reactors to keep the chain reactions of elements under control.
  • Alloys of Holmium are used to produce Magnet.
Industrial Uses
-
Medical Uses
-
Other Uses
Alloys, Nuclear Research
Biological Properties
Toxicity
Low Toxic
Present in Human Body
No
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3 40
In Bone
0.00 p.p.m. 41
Physical
Melting Point
1,461.00 °C 30
Boiling Point
2,600.00 °C 44
Appearance
Physical State
Solid
Color
Silvery White
Luster
Metallic
Hardness
Mohs Hardness
4.00 11
Brinell Hardness
746.00 MPa 14
Vickers Hardness
481.00 MPa 36
Speed of Sound
2,760.00 m/s 43
Optical Properties
Refractive Index
1.67 29
Reflectivity
67.00 % 16
Allotropes
No
α Allotropes
-
β Allotropes
-
γ Allotropes
-
Chemical
Chemical Formula
Ho
Isotopes
Known Isotopes
34 5
Electronegativity
Pauling Electronegativity
1.23 38
Sanderson Electronegativity
1.23 30
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.10 31
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
1.23 37
Allen Electronegativity
1.23 46
Electropositivity
Pauling Electropositivity
2.77 17
Ionization Energies
1st Energy Level
581.00 kJ/mol 62
2nd Energy Level
1,140.00 kJ/mol 71
3rd Energy Level
2,204.00 kJ/mol 66
4th Energy Level
4,100.00 kJ/mol 44
5th Energy Level
5,810.00 kJ/mol 54
6th Energy Level
5,810.00 kJ/mol 67
7th Energy level
5,810.00 kJ/mol 59
8th Energy Level
5,810.00 kJ/mol 57
9th Energy Level
6,500.00 kJ/mol 39
10th Energy Level
6,500.00 kJ/mol 41
11th Energy Level
5,810.00 kJ/mol 62
12th Energy Level
5,810.00 kJ/mol 64
13th Energy Level
5,810.00 kJ/mol 51
14th Energy Level
5,810.00 kJ/mol 40
15th Energy Level
58,100.00 kJ/mol 52
16th Energy Level
581.00 kJ/mol 80
17th Energy Level
581.00 kJ/mol 63
18th Energy Level
5,810.00 kJ/mol 54
19th Energy Level
581.00 kJ/mol 61
20th Energy Level
581.00 kJ/mol 57
21st Energy Level
581.00 kJ/mol 70
22nd Energy Level
581.00 kJ/mol 52
23rd Energy Level
5,810.00 kJ/mol 20
24th Energy Level
581.00 kJ/mol 54
25th Energy Level
581.00 kJ/mol 56
26th Energy Level
581.00 kJ/mol 59
27th Energy Level
584.70 kJ/mol 56
28th Energy Level
581.00 kJ/mol 61
29th Energy Level
584.70 kJ/mol 61
30th Energy Level
581.00 kJ/mol 59
Electrochemical Equivalent
2.02 g/amp-hr 33
Electron Work Function
4.90 eV 12
Other Chemical Properties
Chemical Stability, Anti Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility
Atomic
Atomic Number
67 49
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f11 6s2
Crystal Structure
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)
Crystal Lattice
HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Holmium.jpg#100
Atom
Number of Protons
67 48
Number of Neutrons
98 35
Number of Electrons
67 48
Radius of an Atom
Atomic Radius
176.00 pm 20
Covalent Radius
192.00 pm 17
Van der Waals Radius
216.00 pm 30
Atomic Weight
164.93 amu 44
Atomic Volume
18.70 cm3/mol 36
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
Previous Element
78
Next Element
48
Valence Electron Potential
47.90 (-eV) 32
Lattice Constant
357.73 pm 42
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.57 40
Mechanical
Density
Density At Room Temperature
8.79 g/cm3 51
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
8.34 g/cm3 53
Tensile Strength
270.00 MPa 17
Viscosity
0.00 25
Vapor Pressure
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa) 17
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.00 (Pa) 30
Elasticity properties
Shear Modulus
26.30 GPa 35
Bulk Modulus
40.20 GPa 37
Young's Modulus
64.80 GPa 33
Poisson Ratio
0.23 29
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile, Malleable, Sectile
Magnetic
Magnetic Characteristics
Specific Gravity
8.80 51
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic
Permeability
0.00 H/m 7
Susceptibility
0.00 11
Electrical Properties
Electrical Property
Conductor
Resistivity
814.00 nΩ·m 4
Electrical Conductivity
0.01 106/cm Ω 57
Electron Affinity
50.00 kJ/mol 26
Thermal
Specific Heat
0.16 J/(kg K) 36
Molar Heat Capacity
27.15 J/mol·K 25
Thermal Conductivity
16.20 W/m·K 53
Critical Temperature
1,747.00 K 34
Thermal Expansion
11.20 µm/(m·K) 48
Enthalpy
Enthalpy of Vaporization
241.00 kJ/mol 59
Enthalpy of Fusion
11.76 kJ/mol 35
Enthalpy of Atomization
301.00 kJ/mol 47
Standard Molar Entropy
75.30 J/mol.K 8
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