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Europium


Periodic Table
Symbol
Eu
Group Number
3 15
Period Number
6 2
Block
f block
Element Family
Lanthanide
CAS Number
7440531 34
Space Group Name
Im_ 3m
Space Group Number
229.00 2
Facts
Interesting Facts
Europium is used in Euro banknotes for security features.
Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals
History
Who Discovered
Eugène-Anatole Demarçay
Discovery
In 1896
Abundance
Abundance In Universe
0.00 % 28
Abundance In Sun
0.00 % 27
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 % 43
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 % 36
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 % 42
Abundance In Humans
0.00 % 24
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Europium metals main uses is in the printing of euro banknotes. These notes glow red under UV light.
  • It is used in low energy light bulbs.
Industrial Uses
Chemical Industry
Medical Uses
-
Other Uses
Alloys
Biological Properties
Toxicity
Non Toxic
Present in Human Body
Yes
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3 40
In Bone
0.00 p.p.m. 41
Physical
Melting Point
822.00 °C 55
Boiling Point
1,597.00 °C 58
Appearance
Physical State
Solid
Color
Silvery White
Luster
Lustrous
Hardness
Mohs Hardness
2.00 17
Brinell Hardness
167.00 MPa 55
Vickers Hardness
167.00 MPa 57
Speed of Sound
6,320.00 m/s 4
Optical Properties
Refractive Index
1.83 19
Reflectivity
65.00 % 18
Allotropes
No
α Allotropes
-
β Allotropes
-
γ Allotropes
-
Chemical
Chemical Formula
Eu
Isotopes
Known Isotopes
31 8
Electronegativity
Pauling Electronegativity
1.20 40
Sanderson Electronegativity
1.01 41
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.20 28
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
1.20 39
Allen Electronegativity
1.20 48
Electropositivity
Pauling Electropositivity
2.50 27
Ionization Energies
1st Energy Level
547.10 kJ/mol 71
2nd Energy Level
1,085.00 kJ/mol 75
3rd Energy Level
2,404.00 kJ/mol 52
4th Energy Level
4,120.00 kJ/mol 43
5th Energy Level
5,471.00 kJ/mol 64
6th Energy Level
5,471.00 kJ/mol 77
7th Energy level
5,470.00 kJ/mol 67
8th Energy Level
5,470.00 kJ/mol 67
9th Energy Level
5,990.00 kJ/mol 48
10th Energy Level
5,470.00 kJ/mol 64
11th Energy Level
5,470.00 kJ/mol 69
12th Energy Level
5,470.00 kJ/mol 72
13th Energy Level
5,800.00 kJ/mol 52
14th Energy Level
5,470.00 kJ/mol 48
15th Energy Level
54,700.00 kJ/mol 61
16th Energy Level
54,700.00 kJ/mol 49
17th Energy Level
547.10 kJ/mol 75
18th Energy Level
5,470.00 kJ/mol 63
19th Energy Level
547.10 kJ/mol 73
20th Energy Level
547.00 kJ/mol 67
21st Energy Level
547.10 kJ/mol 77
22nd Energy Level
547.00 kJ/mol 62
23rd Energy Level
547.10 kJ/mol 76
24th Energy Level
547.10 kJ/mol 67
25th Energy Level
547.00 kJ/mol 64
26th Energy Level
547.10 kJ/mol 72
27th Energy Level
547.10 kJ/mol 68
28th Energy Level
580.70 kJ/mol 62
29th Energy Level
547.10 kJ/mol 74
30th Energy Level
547.10 kJ/mol 68
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.89 g/amp-hr 37
Electron Work Function
2.50 eV 54
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility
Atomic
Atomic Number
63 53
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f7 6s2
Crystal Structure
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)
Crystal Lattice
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100
Atom
Number of Protons
63 52
Number of Neutrons
89 39
Number of Electrons
63 52
Radius of an Atom
Atomic Radius
180.00 pm 16
Covalent Radius
198.00 pm 13
Van der Waals Radius
233.00 pm 22
Atomic Weight
151.96 amu 47
Atomic Volume
28.90 cm3/mol 11
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
Previous Element
50
Next Element
14
Valence Electron Potential
45.60 (-eV) 36
Lattice Constant
458.10 pm 19
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.58 35
Mechanical
Density
Density At Room Temperature
5.26 g/cm3 74
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
5.13 g/cm3 76
Tensile Strength
120.00 MPa 27
Viscosity
0.00 25
Vapor Pressure
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
19.40 (Pa) 4
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.00 (Pa) 30
Elasticity properties
Shear Modulus
7.90 GPa 55
Bulk Modulus
8.30 GPa 61
Young's Modulus
18.20 GPa 52
Poisson Ratio
0.15 35
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile
Magnetic
Magnetic Characteristics
Specific Gravity
5.24 71
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic
Permeability
0.00 H/m 17
Susceptibility
0.00 15
Electrical Properties
Electrical Property
Conductor
Resistivity
0.90 nΩ·m 74
Electrical Conductivity
0.01 106/cm Ω 60
Electron Affinity
50.00 kJ/mol 26
Thermal
Specific Heat
0.18 J/(kg K) 34
Molar Heat Capacity
27.66 J/mol·K 19
Thermal Conductivity
13.90 W/m·K 57
Critical Temperature
1,099.00 K 57
Thermal Expansion
35.00 µm/(m·K) 8
Enthalpy
Enthalpy of Vaporization
143.50 kJ/mol 70
Enthalpy of Fusion
9.21 kJ/mol 43
Enthalpy of Atomization
180.00 kJ/mol 59
Standard Molar Entropy
77.80 J/mol.K 4
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