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What is Titanium?
Titanium


Periodic Table
Symbol
Ti
Group Number
4 14
Period Number
4 4
Block
d block
Element Family
Transition Metal
CAS Number
7440326 49
Space Group Name
P63/mmc
Space Group Number
194.00 7
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • The only metal which burns in Nitrogen is Titanium.
  • Titanium is also known as corrosion resistant metal.
Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining
History
Who Discovered
W. Gregor & J. Berzelius
Discovery
In 1791
Abundance
Abundance In Universe
0.00 % 10
Abundance In Sun
0.00 % 9
Abundance In Meteorites
0.05 % 11
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.66 % 7
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 % 15
Abundance In Humans
0.57 % 2
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Its alloys are used in spacecraft, aircraft and ammunition industry.
  • Its pipes are used in distillation plants, submarines, hulls of big ships, etc.
Industrial Uses
Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
Medical Uses
Dentistry, Surgical Instruments Manufacturing
Other Uses
Alloys, Jewellery, Sculptures, Statues
Biological Properties
Toxicity
Non Toxic
Present in Human Body
Yes
In Blood
0.05 Blood/mg dm-3 16
In Bone
0.60 p.p.m. 21
Physical
Melting Point
1,660.00 °C 18
Boiling Point
3,287.00 °C 23
Appearance
Physical State
Solid
Color
Silvery Gray-White
Luster
Metallic
Hardness
Mohs Hardness
6.00 6
Brinell Hardness
716.00 MPa 16
Vickers Hardness
830.00 MPa 21
Speed of Sound
5,090.00 m/s 13
Optical Properties
Refractive Index
2.40 7
Reflectivity
56.00 % 26
Allotropes
No
α Allotropes
-
β Allotropes
-
γ Allotropes
-
Chemical
Chemical Formula
Ti
Isotopes
Known Isotopes
23 16
Electronegativity
Pauling Electronegativity
1.54 27
Sanderson Electronegativity
1.09 39
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.32 24
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
1.54 24
Allen Electronegativity
1.38 36
Electropositivity
Pauling Electropositivity
2.46 28
Ionization Energies
1st Energy Level
658.80 kJ/mol 39
2nd Energy Level
1,309.80 kJ/mol 54
3rd Energy Level
2,652.50 kJ/mol 42
4th Energy Level
4,174.60 kJ/mol 42
5th Energy Level
9,581.00 kJ/mol 5
6th Energy Level
11,533.00 kJ/mol 8
7th Energy level
13,590.00 kJ/mol 6
8th Energy Level
16,440.00 kJ/mol 8
9th Energy Level
18,530.00 kJ/mol 11
10th Energy Level
20,833.00 kJ/mol 15
11th Energy Level
25,575.00 kJ/mol 14
12th Energy Level
28,125.00 kJ/mol 37
13th Energy Level
76,015.00 kJ/mol 1
14th Energy Level
83,280.00 kJ/mol 2
15th Energy Level
90,880.00 kJ/mol 4
16th Energy Level
100,700.00 kJ/mol 4
17th Energy Level
109,100.00 kJ/mol 5
18th Energy Level
117,800.00 kJ/mol 6
19th Energy Level
129,900.00 kJ/mol 7
20th Energy Level
137,530.00 kJ/mol 9
21st Energy Level
658.80 kJ/mol 55
22nd Energy Level
658.00 kJ/mol 31
23rd Energy Level
658.80 kJ/mol 54
24th Energy Level
658.80 kJ/mol 30
25th Energy Level
658.80 kJ/mol 32
26th Energy Level
658.80 kJ/mol 31
27th Energy Level
658.80 kJ/mol 32
28th Energy Level
658.80 kJ/mol 37
29th Energy Level
658.80 kJ/mol 38
30th Energy Level
658.80 kJ/mol 34
Electrochemical Equivalent
0.45 g/amp-hr 74
Electron Work Function
4.33 eV 24
Other Chemical Properties
Chemical Stability, Ionization
Atomic
Atomic Number
22 84
Electron Configuration
[Ar] 3d2 4s2
Crystal Structure
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)
Crystal Lattice
HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Titanium.jpg#100
Atom
Number of Protons
22 83
Number of Neutrons
26 63
Number of Electrons
22 83
Radius of an Atom
Atomic Radius
147.00 pm 36
Covalent Radius
160.00 pm 32
Van der Waals Radius
200.00 pm 35
Atomic Weight
47.87 amu 78
Atomic Volume
10.64 cm3/mol 64
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
Previous Element
60
Next Element
39
Valence Electron Potential
95.20 (-eV) 10
Lattice Constant
295.08 pm 68
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.59 30
Mechanical
Density
Density At Room Temperature
4.51 g/cm3 75
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
4.11 g/cm3 78
Tensile Strength
434.00 MPa 10
Viscosity
0.00 22
Vapor Pressure
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa) 37
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.98 (Pa) 14
Elasticity properties
Shear Modulus
44.00 GPa 17
Bulk Modulus
110.00 GPa 15
Young's Modulus
116.00 GPa 20
Poisson Ratio
0.32 12
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile
Magnetic
Magnetic Characteristics
Specific Gravity
4.51 74
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic
Permeability
0.00 H/m 17
Susceptibility
0.00 24
Electrical Properties
Electrical Property
Poor Conductor
Resistivity
420.00 nΩ·m 12
Electrical Conductivity
0.02 106/cm Ω 47
Electron Affinity
7.60 kJ/mol 43
Thermal
Specific Heat
0.52 J/(kg K) 9
Molar Heat Capacity
25.06 J/mol·K 53
Thermal Conductivity
21.90 W/m·K 44
Critical Temperature
1,941.00 K 21
Thermal Expansion
8.60 µm/(m·K) 59
Enthalpy
Enthalpy of Vaporization
429.00 kJ/mol 20
Enthalpy of Fusion
15.48 kJ/mol 19
Enthalpy of Atomization
468.60 kJ/mol 20
Standard Molar Entropy
27.30 J/mol.K 73
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