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Platinum vs Manganese

Platinum
Manganese
Manganese vs Platinum


Periodic Table
Symbol
Pt  
Mn  
Group Number
10  
8
7  
11
Period Number
6  
4  
Block
d block  
d block  
Element Family
Transition Metal  
Transition Metal  
CAS Number
7440064  
99+
7439965  
99+
Space Group Name
Fm_ 3m  
I_ 43m  
Space Group Number
225.00  
3
217.00  
5
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Platinum is the rarest metal from the Precious metal categories..
  • Commercially Platinum is produced as a byproduct in ores of nickel.
  
  • Manganese is an essential trace element in all forms of life.
  • Manganese metal oxidizes very easily, but it does not fuse that easily.
  
Sources
Mining, Ores of metals, Ores of Minerals  
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals  
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Antonio de Ulloa  
Johann Gottlieb Gahn  
Discovery
In 1735  
In 1774  
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
0.00 %  
20
0.00 %  
9
Abundance In Sun
0.00 %  
19
0.00 %  
8
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %  
25
0.27 %  
8
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %  
99+
0.11 %  
8
Abundance In Oceans
-  
0.00 %  
13
Abundance In Humans
0.00 %  
24
0.00 %  
15
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Platinum metal is mainly used in jewellery.
  • Platinum is used as an industrial catalyst in production of nitric acid, silicone and benzene.
  
  • This metal is very brittle hence it mostly not used as a pure metal, but its alloys are very useful
  • Its alloy Manganese steel is extremely strong and used in railway tracks, safes, prison bars and riffle barrels.
  
Industrial Uses
Aerospace Industry, Chemical Industry  
Automobile Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry  
Medical Uses
Dentistry, Pharmaceutical Industry, Surgical Instruments Manufacturing  
-  
Other Uses
Alloys, Bullion, Coinage, Jewellery, Sculptures, Statues  
Alloys  
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Non Toxic  
Toxic  
Present in Human Body
No  
Yes  
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
37
0.08 Blood/mg dm-3  
14
In Bone
0.00 p.p.m.  
99+
100.00 p.p.m.  
8
Physical
Melting Point
1,772.00 °C  
16
1,245.00 °C  
37
Boiling Point
3,827.00 °C  
15
1,962.00 °C  
99+
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid  
Solid  
Color
Silvery White  
Silver  
Luster
Metallic  
Metallic  
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
3.50  
12
6.00  
6
Brinell Hardness
300.00 MPa  
99+
196.00 MPa  
99+
Vickers Hardness
400.00 MPa  
99+
196.00 MPa  
99+
Speed of Sound
2,800.00 m/s  
99+
5,150.00 m/s  
11
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
2.41  
6
2.00  
15
Reflectivity
73.00 %  
10
70.00 %  
13
Allotropes
No  
No  
α Allotropes
-  
-  
β Allotropes
-  
-  
γ Allotropes
-  
-  
Chemical
Chemical Formula
Pt  
Mn  
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
35  
4
21  
18
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
2.28  
4
1.55  
26
Sanderson Electronegativity
2.28  
5
2.20  
8
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.44  
18
1.60  
10
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
2.20  
6
1.55  
23
Allen Electronegativity
1.72  
19
1.75  
18
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
1.72  
99+
2.45  
29
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
870.00 kJ/mol  
10
717.30 kJ/mol  
30
2nd Energy Level
1,791.00 kJ/mol  
22
1,509.00 kJ/mol  
40
3rd Energy Level
2,277.00 kJ/mol  
99+
3,248.00 kJ/mol  
21
4th Energy Level
8,702.00 kJ/mol  
6
4,940.00 kJ/mol  
30
5th Energy Level
8,702.00 kJ/mol  
9
6,990.00 kJ/mol  
29
6th Energy Level
8,700.00 kJ/mol  
27
9,220.00 kJ/mol  
22
7th Energy level
8,700.00 kJ/mol  
23
11,500.00 kJ/mol  
16
8th Energy Level
8,700.00 kJ/mol  
23
18,770.00 kJ/mol  
5
9th Energy Level
5,660.00 kJ/mol  
99+
21,400.00 kJ/mol  
6
10th Energy Level
8,700.00 kJ/mol  
24
23,960.00 kJ/mol  
9
11th Energy Level
8,700.00 kJ/mol  
21
27,590.00 kJ/mol  
10
12th Energy Level
8,700.00 kJ/mol  
99+
30,330.00 kJ/mol  
32
13th Energy Level
8,700.00 kJ/mol  
16
33,150.00 kJ/mol  
11
14th Energy Level
870.00 kJ/mol  
99+
38,880.00 kJ/mol  
10
15th Energy Level
87,000.00 kJ/mol  
9
41,987.00 kJ/mol  
99+
16th Energy Level
870.00 kJ/mol  
99+
109,480.00 kJ/mol  
1
17th Energy Level
870.00 kJ/mol  
27
118,100.00 kJ/mol  
2
18th Energy Level
8,700.00 kJ/mol  
16
127,100.00 kJ/mol  
3
19th Energy Level
870.00 kJ/mol  
25
138,600.00 kJ/mol  
4
20th Energy Level
870.00 kJ/mol  
15
148,500.00 kJ/mol  
6
21st Energy Level
870.00 kJ/mol  
38
158,600.00 kJ/mol  
6
22nd Energy Level
870.00 kJ/mol  
13
172,500.00 kJ/mol  
5
23rd Energy Level
870.10 kJ/mol  
39
181,380.00 kJ/mol  
5
24th Energy Level
870.00 kJ/mol  
9
650.90 kJ/mol  
34
25th Energy Level
870.00 kJ/mol  
7
717.30 kJ/mol  
24
26th Energy Level
870.00 kJ/mol  
7
650.90 kJ/mol  
35
27th Energy Level
870.10 kJ/mol  
6
650.90 kJ/mol  
36
28th Energy Level
870.10 kJ/mol  
9
650.90 kJ/mol  
99+
29th Energy Level
870.00 kJ/mol  
10
650.90 kJ/mol  
99+
30th Energy Level
870.00 kJ/mol  
7
650.90 kJ/mol  
38
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.82 g/amp-hr  
39
0.29 g/amp-hr  
99+
Electron Work Function
5.65 eV  
4
4.10 eV  
32
Other Chemical Properties
Chemical Stability, Anti Corrosion, Ionization  
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes  
Atomic
Atomic Number
78  
38
25  
99+
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f14 5d9 6s1  
[Ar] 3d5 4s2  
Crystal Structure
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)  
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)  
Crystal Lattice
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Platinum.jpg#100  
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100  
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
78  
38
25  
99+
Number of Neutrons
117  
25
30  
99+
Number of Electrons
78  
38
25  
99+
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
139.00 pm  
99+
127.00 pm  
99+
Covalent Radius
136.00 pm  
99+
139.00 pm  
99+
Van der Waals Radius
175.00 pm  
99+
200.00 pm  
35
Atomic Weight
47.87 amu  
99+
54.94 amu  
99+
Atomic Volume
9.09 cm3/mol  
99+
1.39 cm3/mol  
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Iridium
  
Chromium
  
Next Element
Gold
  
Iron
  
Valence Electron Potential
392.42 (-eV)  
1
220.00 (-eV)  
2
Lattice Constant
392.42 pm  
27
891.25 pm  
1
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2  
π/2, π/2, π/2  
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.56  
99+
1.55  
99+
Mechanical
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
21.45 g/cm3  
11
7.21 g/cm3  
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
19.77 g/cm3  
12
5.95 g/cm3  
99+
Tensile Strength
125.00 MPa  
26
370.00 MPa  
11
Viscosity
0.00  
16
0.00  
2
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
16
0.00 (Pa)  
12
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.07 (Pa)  
18
0.00 (Pa)  
30
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
61.00 GPa  
14
40.00 GPa  
19
Bulk Modulus
230.00 GPa  
6
120.00 GPa  
14
Young's Modulus
168.00 GPa  
15
198.00 GPa  
13
Poisson Ratio
0.38  
6
0.30  
14
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile, Malleable  
-  
Magnetic
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
21.45  
13
7.21  
99+
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic  
Paramagnetic  
Permeability
0.00 H/m  
14
0.00 H/m  
7
Susceptibility
0.00  
20
0.00  
12
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Conductor  
Conductor  
Resistivity
105.00 nΩ·m  
30
1.44 nΩ·m  
99+
Electrical Conductivity
0.10 106/cm Ω  
26
0.01 106/cm Ω  
99+
Electron Affinity
205.30 kJ/mol  
2
0.00 kJ/mol  
99+
Thermal
Specific Heat
0.13 J/(kg K)  
40
0.48 J/(kg K)  
11
Molar Heat Capacity
25.86 J/mol·K  
99+
26.32 J/mol·K  
37
Thermal Conductivity
71.60 W/m·K  
24
7.81 W/m·K  
99+
Critical Temperature
2,041.00 K  
19
1,519.00 K  
40
Thermal Expansion
8.80 µm/(m·K)  
99+
21.70 µm/(m·K)  
22
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
510.50 kJ/mol  
15
219.70 kJ/mol  
99+
Enthalpy of Fusion
19.70 kJ/mol  
12
14.64 kJ/mol  
25
Enthalpy of Atomization
565.00 kJ/mol  
15
280.30 kJ/mol  
99+
Standard Molar Entropy
41.60 J/mol.K  
99+
32.00 J/mol.K  
99+
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