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Platinum vs Iridium

Platinum
Iridium
Iridium vs Platinum


Periodic Table
Symbol
Pt  
Ir  
Group Number
10  
8
9  
9
Period Number
6  
6  
Block
d block  
d block  
Element Family
Transition Metal  
Transition Metal  
CAS Number
7440064  
99+
7439885  
99+
Space Group Name
Fm_ 3m  
Fm_ 3m  
Space Group Number
225.00  
3
225.00  
3
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Platinum is the rarest metal from the Precious metal categories..
  • Commercially Platinum is produced as a byproduct in ores of nickel.
  
  • Iridium element occurs as natural alloys of Platinum and Osmium.
  • Iridium element is known as the most corrosion resistance metal .
  
Sources
Mining, Ores of metals, Ores of Minerals  
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals  
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Antonio de Ulloa  
Smithson Tennant  
Discovery
In 1735  
In 1803  
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
0.00 %  
20
0.00 %  
23
Abundance In Sun
0.00 %  
19
0.00 %  
25
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %  
25
0.00 %  
29
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %  
99+
0.00 %  
99+
Abundance In Oceans
-  
-  
Abundance In Humans
0.00 %  
24
0.00 %  
24
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Platinum metal is mainly used in jewellery.
  • Platinum is used as an industrial catalyst in production of nitric acid, silicone and benzene.
  
  • Iridium has an anti corrosion properties and it is used in special alloy with Osmium metal and that alloy is used in pen tips and compass bearings.
  
Industrial Uses
Aerospace Industry, Chemical Industry  
Automobile Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry  
Medical Uses
Dentistry, Pharmaceutical Industry, Surgical Instruments Manufacturing  
-  
Other Uses
Alloys, Bullion, Coinage, Jewellery, Sculptures, Statues  
Alloys  
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Non Toxic  
Toxic  
Present in Human Body
No  
Yes  
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
37
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
40
In Bone
0.00 p.p.m.  
99+
0.00 p.p.m.  
99+
Physical
Melting Point
1,772.00 °C  
16
2,410.00 °C  
7
Boiling Point
3,827.00 °C  
15
4,527.00 °C  
10
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid  
Solid  
Color
Silvery White  
Silvery White  
Luster
Metallic  
Metallic  
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
3.50  
12
6.50  
5
Brinell Hardness
300.00 MPa  
99+
1,670.00 MPa  
5
Vickers Hardness
400.00 MPa  
99+
1,760.00 MPa  
8
Speed of Sound
2,800.00 m/s  
99+
4,825.00 m/s  
17
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
2.41  
6
2.40  
7
Reflectivity
73.00 %  
10
78.00 %  
8
Allotropes
No  
No  
α Allotropes
-  
-  
β Allotropes
-  
-  
γ Allotropes
-  
-  
Chemical
Chemical Formula
Pt  
Ir  
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
35  
4
34  
5
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
2.28  
4
2.20  
5
Sanderson Electronegativity
2.28  
5
2.20  
8
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.44  
18
1.55  
12
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
2.20  
6
2.20  
6
Allen Electronegativity
1.72  
19
1.68  
20
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
1.72  
99+
1.80  
99+
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
870.00 kJ/mol  
10
880.00 kJ/mol  
9
2nd Energy Level
1,791.00 kJ/mol  
22
1,600.00 kJ/mol  
36
3rd Energy Level
2,277.00 kJ/mol  
99+
2,256.10 kJ/mol  
99+
4th Energy Level
8,702.00 kJ/mol  
6
880.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5th Energy Level
8,702.00 kJ/mol  
9
8,800.00 kJ/mol  
8
6th Energy Level
8,700.00 kJ/mol  
27
8,800.00 kJ/mol  
25
7th Energy level
8,700.00 kJ/mol  
23
8,800.00 kJ/mol  
22
8th Energy Level
8,700.00 kJ/mol  
23
8,800.00 kJ/mol  
22
9th Energy Level
5,660.00 kJ/mol  
99+
8,800.00 kJ/mol  
21
10th Energy Level
8,700.00 kJ/mol  
24
8,800.00 kJ/mol  
23
11th Energy Level
8,700.00 kJ/mol  
21
8,800.00 kJ/mol  
20
12th Energy Level
8,700.00 kJ/mol  
99+
8,800.00 kJ/mol  
40
13th Energy Level
8,700.00 kJ/mol  
16
8,800.00 kJ/mol  
15
14th Energy Level
870.00 kJ/mol  
99+
8,800.00 kJ/mol  
14
15th Energy Level
87,000.00 kJ/mol  
9
88,000.00 kJ/mol  
8
16th Energy Level
870.00 kJ/mol  
99+
88,000.00 kJ/mol  
9
17th Energy Level
870.00 kJ/mol  
27
880.00 kJ/mol  
26
18th Energy Level
8,700.00 kJ/mol  
16
8,800.00 kJ/mol  
15
19th Energy Level
870.00 kJ/mol  
25
880.00 kJ/mol  
24
20th Energy Level
870.00 kJ/mol  
15
880.00 kJ/mol  
14
21st Energy Level
870.00 kJ/mol  
38
880.00 kJ/mol  
37
22nd Energy Level
870.00 kJ/mol  
13
880.00 kJ/mol  
12
23rd Energy Level
870.10 kJ/mol  
39
8,800.00 kJ/mol  
7
24th Energy Level
870.00 kJ/mol  
9
880.00 kJ/mol  
8
25th Energy Level
870.00 kJ/mol  
7
880.00 kJ/mol  
6
26th Energy Level
870.00 kJ/mol  
7
880.00 kJ/mol  
6
27th Energy Level
870.10 kJ/mol  
6
880.00 kJ/mol  
5
28th Energy Level
870.10 kJ/mol  
9
880.00 kJ/mol  
8
29th Energy Level
870.00 kJ/mol  
10
880.00 kJ/mol  
9
30th Energy Level
870.00 kJ/mol  
7
880.00 kJ/mol  
6
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.82 g/amp-hr  
39
1.14 g/amp-hr  
99+
Electron Work Function
5.65 eV  
4
4.55 eV  
18
Other Chemical Properties
Chemical Stability, Anti Corrosion, Ionization  
Flammable, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity  
Atomic
Atomic Number
78  
38
77  
39
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f14 5d9 6s1  
[Xe] 4f14 5d7 6s2  
Crystal Structure
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)  
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)  
Crystal Lattice
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Platinum.jpg#100  
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Iridium.jpg#100  
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
78  
38
74  
99+
Number of Neutrons
117  
25
110  
28
Number of Electrons
78  
38
74  
99+
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
139.00 pm  
99+
136.00 pm  
99+
Covalent Radius
136.00 pm  
99+
141.00 pm  
99+
Van der Waals Radius
175.00 pm  
99+
202.00 pm  
34
Atomic Weight
47.87 amu  
99+
192.22 amu  
34
Atomic Volume
9.09 cm3/mol  
99+
9.53 cm3/mol  
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Iridium
  
Osmium
  
Next Element
Gold
  
Platinum
  
Valence Electron Potential
392.42 (-eV)  
1
140.00 (-eV)  
5
Lattice Constant
392.42 pm  
27
383.90 pm  
29
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2  
π/2, π/2, π/2  
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.56  
99+
1.58  
35
Mechanical
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
21.45 g/cm3  
11
22.56 g/cm3  
10
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
19.77 g/cm3  
12
19.00 g/cm3  
13
Tensile Strength
125.00 MPa  
26
2,000.00 MPa  
2
Viscosity
0.00  
16
0.00  
21
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
16
0.00 (Pa)  
37
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.07 (Pa)  
18
0.00 (Pa)  
26
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
61.00 GPa  
14
210.00 GPa  
2
Bulk Modulus
230.00 GPa  
6
320.00 GPa  
3
Young's Modulus
168.00 GPa  
15
528.00 GPa  
1
Poisson Ratio
0.38  
6
0.26  
22
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile, Malleable  
-  
Magnetic
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
21.45  
13
21.78  
12
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic  
Paramagnetic  
Permeability
0.00 H/m  
14
0.00 H/m  
16
Susceptibility
0.00  
20
0.00  
5
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Conductor  
Conductor  
Resistivity
105.00 nΩ·m  
30
47.10 nΩ·m  
99+
Electrical Conductivity
0.10 106/cm Ω  
26
0.19 106/cm Ω  
10
Electron Affinity
205.30 kJ/mol  
2
151.00 kJ/mol  
4
Thermal
Specific Heat
0.13 J/(kg K)  
40
0.13 J/(kg K)  
40
Molar Heat Capacity
25.86 J/mol·K  
99+
25.10 J/mol·K  
99+
Thermal Conductivity
71.60 W/m·K  
24
147.00 W/m·K  
10
Critical Temperature
2,041.00 K  
19
2,719.00 K  
8
Thermal Expansion
8.80 µm/(m·K)  
99+
6.40 µm/(m·K)  
99+
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
510.50 kJ/mol  
15
799.10 kJ/mol  
1
Enthalpy of Fusion
19.70 kJ/mol  
12
35.23 kJ/mol  
1
Enthalpy of Atomization
565.00 kJ/mol  
15
837.00 kJ/mol  
1
Standard Molar Entropy
41.60 J/mol.K  
99+
35.50 J/mol.K  
99+
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