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Platinum vs Iridium

Platinum
Iridium
Iridium vs Platinum


Periodic Table
Symbol
Pt   
Ir   
Group Number
10   
8
9   
9
Period Number
6   
6   
Block
d block   
d block   
Element Family
Transition Metal   
Transition Metal   
CAS Number
7440064   
99+
7439885   
99+
Space Group Name
Fm_ 3m   
Fm_ 3m   
Space Group Number
225.00   
2
225.00   
2
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Platinum is the rarest metal from the Precious metal categories..
  • Commercially Platinum is produced as a byproduct in ores of nickel.
  
  • Iridium element occurs as natural alloys of Platinum and Osmium.
  • Iridium element is known as the most corrosion resistance metal .
  
Sources
Mining, Ores of metals, Ores of Minerals   
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals   
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Antonio de Ulloa   
Smithson Tennant   
Discovery
In 1735   
In 1803   
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
5 * 10-7 %   
19
2 * 10-7 %   
22
Abundance In Sun
~0.0000009 %   
19
~0.0000002 %   
25
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %   
25
0.00 %   
29
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %   
99+
0.00 %   
99+
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Platinum metal is mainly used in jewellery.
  • Platinum is used as an industrial catalyst in production of nitric acid, silicone and benzene.
  
  • Iridium has an anti corrosion properties and it is used in special alloy with Osmium metal and that alloy is used in pen tips and compass bearings.
  
Industrial Uses
Aerospace Industry, Chemical Industry   
Automobile Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry   
Medical Uses
Dentistry, Pharmaceutical Industry, Surgical Instruments Manufacturing   
NA   
Other Uses
Alloys, Bullion, Coinage, Jewellery, Sculptures, Statues   
Alloys   
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Non Toxic   
Toxic   
Present in Human Body
No   
Yes   
Physical Properties
Melting Point
1,772.00 °C   
16
2,410.00 °C   
7
Boiling Point
3,827.00 °C   
15
4,527.00 °C   
10
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid   
Solid   
Color
Silvery White   
Silvery White   
Luster
Metallic   
Metallic   
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
3.50   
11
6.50   
5
Brinell Hardness
300.00 MPa   
34
1,670.00 MPa   
5
Vickers Hardness
400.00 MPa   
25
1,760.00 MPa   
3
Speed of Sound
2,800.00 m/s   
29
4,825.00 m/s   
13
Optical Properties
  
  
Reflectivity
73.00 %   
8
78.00 %   
6
Allotropes
No   
No   
α Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
β Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
γ Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Pt   
Ir   
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
35   
4
34   
5
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
2.28   
3
2.20   
4
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.44   
17
1.55   
11
Allen Electronegativity
1.72   
16
1.68   
17
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
1.72   
99+
1.80   
99+
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
870.00 kJ/mol   
10
880.00 kJ/mol   
9
2nd Energy Level
1,791.00 kJ/mol   
21
1,600.00 kJ/mol   
35
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.82 g/amp-hr   
35
1.14 g/amp-hr   
99+
Electron Work Function
5.65 eV   
1
4.55 eV   
13
Other Chemical Properties
Chemical Stability, Anti Corrosion, Ionization   
Flammable, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity   
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
78   
38
77   
39
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f14 5d9 6s1   
[Xe] 4f14 5d7 6s2   
Crystal Structure
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)   
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)   
Crystal Lattice
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Platinum.jpg#100   
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Iridium.jpg#100   
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
78   
38
74   
99+
Number of Neutrons
117   
24
110   
27
Number of Electrons
78   
38
74   
99+
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
139.00 pm   
39
136.00 pm   
99+
Covalent Radius
136.00 pm   
99+
141.00 pm   
99+
Van der Waals Radius
175.00 pm   
36
202.00 pm   
27
Atomic Weight
47.87 amu   
99+
192.22 amu   
34
Atomic Volume
9.09 cm3/mol   
99+
9.53 cm3/mol   
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Iridium
  
Osmium
  
Next Element
Gold
  
Platinum
  
Valence Electron Potential
392.42 (-eV)   
1
140.00 (-eV)   
5
Lattice Constant
392.42 pm   
24
383.90 pm   
26
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2   
π/2, π/2, π/2   
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available   
Not Available   
Mechanical Properties
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
21.45 g/cm3   
11
22.56 g/cm3   
10
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
19.77 g/cm3   
2
19.00 g/cm3   
3
Tensile Strength
125.00 MPa   
14
2,000.00 MPa   
2
Viscosity
Not Available   
Not Available   
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.07 (Pa)   
18
0.00 (Pa)   
25
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
61.00 GPa   
14
210.00 GPa   
2
Bulk Modulus
230.00 GPa   
6
320.00 GPa   
3
Young's Modulus
168.00 GPa   
14
528.00 GPa   
1
Poisson Ratio
0.38   
6
0.26   
22
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile, Malleable   
NA   
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
21.45   
4
21.78   
3
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic   
Paramagnetic   
Permeability
0.00 H/m   
3
Not Available   
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Conductor   
Conductor   
Resistivity
105.00 nΩ·m   
30
47.10 nΩ·m   
99+
Electrical Conductivity
0.10 106/cm Ω   
21
0.19 106/cm Ω   
10
Electron Affinity
205.30 kJ/mol   
2
151.00 kJ/mol   
4
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.13 J/(kg K)   
39
0.13 J/(kg K)   
39
Molar Heat Capacity
25.86 J/mol·K   
35
25.10 J/mol·K   
99+
Thermal Conductivity
71.60 W/m·K   
24
147.00 W/m·K   
10
Critical Temperature
Not Available   
Not Available   
Thermal Expansion
8.80 µm/(m·K)   
99+
6.40 µm/(m·K)   
99+
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
510.50 kJ/mol   
11
799.10 kJ/mol   
1
Enthalpy of Fusion
19.70 kJ/mol   
12
35.23 kJ/mol   
1
Enthalpy of Atomization
565.00 kJ/mol   
11
837.00 kJ/mol   
1
Standard Molar Entropy
41.60 J/mol.K   
36
35.50 J/mol.K   
99+
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