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Silver vs Magnesium

Silver
Magnesium
Magnesium vs Silver


Periodic Table
Symbol
Ag  
Mg  
Group Number
11  
7
2  
16
Period Number
5  
3  
Block
d block  
s block  
Element Family
Transition Metal  
Alkaline Earth  
CAS Number
7440224  
99+
7439954  
99+
Space Group Name
Fm_ 3m  
P63/mmc  
Space Group Number
225.00  
2
194.00  
5
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • It is the most reflective element.
  • Silver is the second most ductile metal after Gold.
  • It is also used in Dentistry as a dental alloys for clips and crowning.
  
  • Magnesium ions are present in every chlorophyll of every green plant .
  • Controlling Magnesium fire by pouring water on it will result in explosions.
  
Sources
Earth's crust, Found in Minerals, Ores of metals  
By Electrolysis Process, In Ocean, Mining  
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Unknown  
Joseph Black  
Discovery
Before 5000 BC  
In 1755  
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
6 * 10-8 %  
26
6 * 10-2 %  
2
Abundance In Sun
~0.0000001 %  
26
~0.07 %  
2
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %  
38
12.00 %  
2
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %  
99+
2.90 %  
4
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %  
19
0.13 %  
2
Abundance In Humans
Not Available  
0.03 %  
4
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Silver is mainly used for Jewelry and show piece.
  • It is used for manufacturing high quality mirrors due to its reflectivity property.
  
  • Magnesium aluminum alloy improves the mechanical strength and welding characteristics and hence it is used in aeroplane and car manufacturing.
  • It is also used to remove sulfur from the molten iron and steel.
  
Industrial Uses
Chemical Industry, Clothing Industry, Electrical Industry  
Aerospace Industry, Ammunition Industry, Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry, Pharmaceutical Industry  
Medical Uses
Dentistry, Pharmaceutical Industry  
NA  
Other Uses
Alloys, Bullion, Coinage, Jewellery, Sculptures, Statues  
Surgical Instruments Manufacturing  
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Non Toxic  
Non Toxic  
Present in Human Body
Yes  
Yes  
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
29
37.80 Blood/mg dm-3  
5
In Bone
0.44 p.p.m.  
20
1,800.00 p.p.m.  
4
Physical Properties
Melting Point
961.93 °C  
99+
650.00 °C  
99+
Boiling Point
2,212.00 °C  
99+
1,107.00 °C  
99+
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid  
Solid  
Color
Silvery White  
Gray  
Luster
Metallic  
NA  
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
2.50  
14
2.50  
14
Brinell Hardness
251.00 MPa  
37
260.00 MPa  
36
Vickers Hardness
229.00 MPa  
30
Not Available  
Speed of Sound
2,680.00 m/s  
34
4,940.00 m/s  
11
Optical Properties
  
  
Reflectivity
97.00 %  
1
74.00 %  
7
Allotropes
No  
No  
α Allotropes
Not Available  
Not Available  
β Allotropes
Not Available  
Not Available  
γ Allotropes
Not Available  
Not Available  
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Ag  
Mg  
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
36  
3
15  
24
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
1.93  
9
1.31  
31
Sanderson Electronegativity
1.83  
11
1.32  
18
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.42  
18
1.23  
25
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
1.47  
15
1.37  
16
Allen Electronegativity
1.87  
7
1.29  
35
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.07  
99+
2.69  
23
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
731.00 kJ/mol  
27
737.70 kJ/mol  
24
2nd Energy Level
2,070.00 kJ/mol  
11
1,450.70 kJ/mol  
99+
3rd Energy Level
3,361.00 kJ/mol  
19
7,732.70 kJ/mol  
5
4th Energy Level
Not Available  
10,542.50 kJ/mol  
4
5th Energy Level
Not Available  
13,630.00 kJ/mol  
3
6th Energy Level
Not Available  
18,020.00 kJ/mol  
3
7th Energy level
Not Available  
21,711.00 kJ/mol  
3
8th Energy Level
Not Available  
25,661.00 kJ/mol  
3
9th Energy Level
Not Available  
31,653.00 kJ/mol  
3
10th Energy Level
Not Available  
35,458.00 kJ/mol  
5
11th Energy Level
Not Available  
169,988.00 kJ/mol  
1
12th Energy Level
Not Available  
189,368.00 kJ/mol  
1
Electrochemical Equivalent
4.02 g/amp-hr  
7
0.45 g/amp-hr  
99+
Electron Work Function
4.26 eV  
20
3.66 eV  
29
Other Chemical Properties
Chemical Stability, Ionization, Solubility  
Corrosion, Highly Inflammable, Ionization, Solubility  
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
47  
99+
12  
99+
Electron Configuration
[Kr] 4d10 5s1  
[Ne] 3s2  
Crystal Structure
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)  
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)  
Crystal Lattice
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Silver.jpg#100  
HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Magnesium.jpg#100  
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
47  
99+
12  
99+
Number of Neutrons
61  
99+
12  
99+
Number of Electrons
47  
99+
12  
99+
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
144.00 pm  
36
160.00 pm  
27
Covalent Radius
145.00 pm  
39
141.00 pm  
99+
Van der Waals Radius
172.00 pm  
38
173.00 pm  
37
Atomic Weight
107.87 amu  
99+
24.31 amu  
99+
Atomic Volume
10.30 cm3/mol  
99+
13.97 cm3/mol  
37
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Palladium
  
Sodium
  
Next Element
Cadmium
  
Aluminium
  
Valence Electron Potential
11.40 (-eV)  
99+
40.00 (-eV)  
99+
Lattice Constant
408.53 pm  
20
320.94 pm  
99+
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2  
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3  
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available  
Not Available  
Mechanical Properties
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
10.49 g/cm3  
35
1.74 g/cm3  
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
9.32 g/cm3  
21
1.58 g/cm3  
99+
Tensile Strength
Not Available  
Not Available  
Viscosity
Not Available  
Not Available  
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
14
Not Available  
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
30.00 GPa  
23
17.00 GPa  
37
Bulk Modulus
100.00 GPa  
16
45.00 GPa  
25
Young's Modulus
83.00 GPa  
23
45.00 GPa  
39
Poisson Ratio
0.37  
7
0.29  
15
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile, Malleable  
NA  
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
10.50  
26
1.74  
99+
Magnetic Ordering
Diamagnetic  
Paramagnetic  
Susceptibility
0.00  
5
Not Available  
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Conductor  
Conductor  
Resistivity
15.87 nΩ·m  
99+
43.90 nΩ·m  
99+
Electrical Conductivity
0.63 106/cm Ω  
1
0.23 106/cm Ω  
7
Electron Affinity
125.60 kJ/mol  
5
0.00 kJ/mol  
40
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.24 J/(kg K)  
25
1.02 J/(kg K)  
4
Molar Heat Capacity
25.35 J/mol·K  
99+
24.87 J/mol·K  
99+
Thermal Conductivity
429.00 W/m·K  
1
156.00 W/m·K  
8
Critical Temperature
Not Available  
Not Available  
Thermal Expansion
18.90 µm/(m·K)  
23
24.80 µm/(m·K)  
15
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
255.10 kJ/mol  
37
128.70 kJ/mol  
99+
Enthalpy of Fusion
11.30 kJ/mol  
31
8.95 kJ/mol  
39
Enthalpy of Atomization
284.50 kJ/mol  
37
148.50 kJ/mol  
99+
Standard Molar Entropy
42.60 J/mol.K  
35
32.70 J/mol.K  
99+
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