What is Palladium?

Palladium

Periodic Table

Symbol

Group Number

10 8

Period Number

5 3

Block

d block

Element Family

Transition Metal

CAS Number

7440053 74

Space Group Name

Fm_ 3m

Space Group Number

225.00 3

Facts

Interesting Facts

Palladium alloys are used for Jewelry contains (95% Palladium and 5% Ruthenium)

In the late 1800s, Palladium metal used have more economical value than the Platinum metal.

Palladium element is known as a good catalyst

Sources

Ores of metals

History

Who Discovered

William Hyde Wollaston

Discovery

In 1803

Abundance

Abundance In Universe

0.00 % 23

Abundance In Sun

0.00 % 24

Abundance In Meteorites

0.00 % 51

Abundance In Earth's Crust

0.00 % 48

Abundance In Oceans

Abundance In Humans

0.00 % 24

Uses

Uses & Benefits

Mostly palladium metal is used in catalytic converters. In electronic industry it is used in ceramic capacitors of mobile and computer.
It is used in jewellery and dental fillings and crowns.

Industrial Uses

Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry, Electronic Industry

Medical Uses

Dentistry, Pharmaceutical Industry, Surgical Instruments Manufacturing

Other Uses

Coinage, Bullion, Jewellery

Biological Properties

Toxicity

Toxic

Present in Human Body

In Blood

0.00 Blood/mg dm-3 37

In Bone

0.00 p.p.m. 41

Physical

Melting Point

1,554.90 °C 22

Boiling Point

2,963.00 °C 34

Appearance

Physical State

Solid

Color

Silver

Luster

Metallic

Hardness

Mohs Hardness

4.75 9

Brinell Hardness

320.00 MPa 40

Vickers Hardness

121.00 MPa 60

Speed of Sound

3,070.00 m/s 38

Optical Properties

Refractive Index

1.72 25

Reflectivity

84.00 % 5

Allotropes

α Allotropes

β Allotropes

γ Allotropes

Chemical

Chemical Formula

Isotopes

Known Isotopes

38 1

Electronegativity

Pauling Electronegativity

2.20 5

Sanderson Electronegativity

2.20 8

Allred Rochow Electronegativity

1.35 22

Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity

2.20 6

Allen Electronegativity

1.59 25

Electropositivity

Pauling Electropositivity

1.80 50

Ionization Energies

1st Energy Level

520.23 kJ/mol 80

2nd Energy Level

7,298.22 kJ/mol 2

3rd Energy Level

11,815.13 kJ/mol 3

4th Energy Level

870.00 kJ/mol 81

5th Energy Level

8,044.00 kJ/mol 13

6th Energy Level

8,044.00 kJ/mol 33

7th Energy level

8,040.00 kJ/mol 27

8th Energy Level

8,040.00 kJ/mol 27

9th Energy Level

8,040.00 kJ/mol 24

10th Energy Level

8,040.00 kJ/mol 28

11th Energy Level

8,040.00 kJ/mol 27

12th Energy Level

8,040.00 kJ/mol 45

13th Energy Level

5,310.00 kJ/mol 66

14th Energy Level

804.40 kJ/mol 75

15th Energy Level

80,400.00 kJ/mol 16

16th Energy Level

804.40 kJ/mol 76

17th Energy Level

804.40 kJ/mol 33

18th Energy Level

8,045.00 kJ/mol 22

19th Energy Level

804.40 kJ/mol 30

20th Energy Level

804.00 kJ/mol 23

21st Energy Level

804.40 kJ/mol 41

22nd Energy Level

804.00 kJ/mol 18

23rd Energy Level

804.40 kJ/mol 43

24th Energy Level

804.40 kJ/mol 14

25th Energy Level

804.40 kJ/mol 12

26th Energy Level

804.40 kJ/mol 12

27th Energy Level

804.40 kJ/mol 11

28th Energy Level

804.40 kJ/mol 17

29th Energy Level

804.40 kJ/mol 16

30th Energy Level

804.00 kJ/mol 12

Electrochemical Equivalent

1.99 g/amp-hr 34

Electron Work Function

5.12 eV 7

Other Chemical Properties

Chemical Stability, Corrosion, Ionization, Solubility

Atomic

Atomic Number

46 66

Electron Configuration

[Kr] 4d¹⁰

Crystal Structure

Face Centered Cubic (FCC)

Crystal Lattice

FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Palladium.jpg#100

Atom

Number of Protons

46 65

Number of Neutrons

60 49

Number of Electrons

46 65

Radius of an Atom

Atomic Radius

137.00 pm 42

Covalent Radius

139.00 pm 47

Van der Waals Radius

163.00 pm 47

Atomic Weight

106.42 amu 60

Atomic Volume

8.90 cm3/mol 72

Adjacent Atomic Numbers

Previous Element

Next Element

Valence Electron Potential

33.00 (-eV) 52

Lattice Constant

389.07 pm 28

Lattice Angles

π/2, π/2, π/2

Lattice C/A Ratio

1.56 43

Mechanical

Density

Density At Room Temperature

12.02 g/cm³ 31

Density When Liquid (at m.p.)

10.38 g/cm3 38

Tensile Strength

550.00 MPa 8

Viscosity

0.00 14

Vapor Pressure

Vapor Pressure at 1000 K

0.00 (Pa) 29

Vapor Pressure at 2000 K

0.00 (Pa) 42

Elasticity properties

Shear Modulus

44.00 GPa 17

Bulk Modulus

180.00 GPa 9

Young's Modulus

121.00 GPa 18

Poisson Ratio

0.39 5

Other Mechanical Properties

Ductile, Malleable, Weldable

Magnetic

Magnetic Characteristics

Specific Gravity

12.02 33

Magnetic Ordering

Diamagnetic

Permeability

0.00 H/m 18

Susceptibility

0.00 27

Electrical Properties

Electrical Property

Conductor

Resistivity

105.40 nΩ·m 29

Electrical Conductivity

0.10 10⁶/cm Ω 27

Electron Affinity

54.23 kJ/mol 21

Thermal

Specific Heat

0.24 J/(kg K) 23

Molar Heat Capacity

25.98 J/mol·K 41

Thermal Conductivity

71.80 W/m·K 23

Critical Temperature

1,825.00 K 26

Thermal Expansion

11.80 µm/(m·K) 44

Enthalpy

Enthalpy of Vaporization

376.60 kJ/mol 28

Enthalpy of Fusion

16.74 kJ/mol 18

Enthalpy of Atomization

393.30 kJ/mol 29

Standard Molar Entropy

37.60 J/mol.K 55

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