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Radium vs Francium

Radium
Francium
Francium vs Radium


Periodic Table
Symbol
Ra  
Fr  
Group Number
2  
16
1  
17
Period Number
7  
7  
Block
s block  
s block  
Element Family
Alkaline Earth  
Alkali  
CAS Number
7440144  
99+
7440735  
18
Space Group Name
Im_ 3m  
-  
Space Group Number
229.00  
2
225.00  
3
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Radium metal is the heaviest metal of Alkaline earth metals column.
  • Radium metal is highly radioactive and does not have any stable isotopes.
  
  • 223 Francium has the longest half life at 21.8.
  • Francium metal is produced by alpha decay in 227Actinium 227.
  
Sources
Mining, Ores of metals  
Formed by Decay Process, Mining  
History
  
  
Who Discovered
-  
Marguerite Perey  
Discovery
In 1898  
In 1939  
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
0.00 %  
40
0.00 %  
40
Abundance In Sun
0.00 %  
26
0.00 %  
30
Abundance In Meteorites
-  
0.00 %  
99+
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %  
99+
0.00 %  
99+
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %  
99+
-  
Abundance In Humans
0.00 %  
23
0.00 %  
24
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • It is a highly radioactive metal; and sometime Radium-223 is used to treat prostate cancer.
  • It is used in luminous paints.
  
  • Francium has no known uses as it has a half life of only 22 minutes.
  
Industrial Uses
-  
-  
Medical Uses
Pharmaceutical Industry  
-  
Other Uses
-  
-  
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Highly Toxic  
-  
Present in Human Body
No  
No  
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
34
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
40
In Bone
0.00 p.p.m.  
99+
0.00 p.p.m.  
99+
Physical
Melting Point
700.00 °C  
99+
27.00 °C  
99+
Boiling Point
1,737.00 °C  
99+
677.00 °C  
99+
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid  
Solid  
Color
Silvery White  
-  
Luster
Metallic  
-  
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
1.00  
22
0.20  
27
Brinell Hardness
700.00 MPa  
17
119.00 MPa  
99+
Vickers Hardness
140.00 MPa  
99+
300.00 MPa  
99+
Speed of Sound
3,150.00 m/s  
37
2,440.00 m/s  
99+
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
1.00  
99+
1.70  
27
Reflectivity
83.00 %  
6
72.00 %  
11
Allotropes
No  
No  
α Allotropes
-  
-  
β Allotropes
-  
-  
γ Allotropes
-  
-  
Chemical
Chemical Formula
Ra  
Fr  
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
33  
6
33  
6
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
0.90  
99+
0.70  
99+
Sanderson Electronegativity
0.89  
99+
0.70  
99+
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
0.97  
39
0.86  
99+
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
0.92  
99+
0.68  
99+
Allen Electronegativity
0.89  
99+
0.67  
99+
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
3.10  
5
3.30  
1
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
509.30 kJ/mol  
99+
380.00 kJ/mol  
99+
2nd Energy Level
979.00 kJ/mol  
99+
392.80 kJ/mol  
99+
3rd Energy Level
509.30 kJ/mol  
99+
392.80 kJ/mol  
99+
4th Energy Level
5,093.00 kJ/mol  
27
392.80 kJ/mol  
99+
5th Energy Level
5,090.00 kJ/mol  
99+
392.00 kJ/mol  
99+
6th Energy Level
5,090.00 kJ/mol  
99+
3,920.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7th Energy level
5,090.00 kJ/mol  
99+
3,920.00 kJ/mol  
99+
8th Energy Level
5,090.00 kJ/mol  
99+
3,920.00 kJ/mol  
99+
9th Energy Level
5,090.00 kJ/mol  
99+
3,920.00 kJ/mol  
99+
10th Energy Level
5,090.00 kJ/mol  
99+
392.00 kJ/mol  
99+
11th Energy Level
5,090.00 kJ/mol  
99+
392.00 kJ/mol  
99+
12th Energy Level
5,090.00 kJ/mol  
99+
38,000.00 kJ/mol  
23
13th Energy Level
5,090.00 kJ/mol  
99+
3,920.00 kJ/mol  
99+
14th Energy Level
5,090.00 kJ/mol  
99+
380.00 kJ/mol  
99+
15th Energy Level
50,900.00 kJ/mol  
99+
67,700.00 kJ/mol  
32
16th Energy Level
50,900.00 kJ/mol  
99+
39,200.00 kJ/mol  
99+
17th Energy Level
509.30 kJ/mol  
99+
392.00 kJ/mol  
99+
18th Energy Level
5,090.00 kJ/mol  
99+
3,920.00 kJ/mol  
99+
19th Energy Level
509.30 kJ/mol  
99+
392.80 kJ/mol  
99+
20th Energy Level
509.00 kJ/mol  
99+
392.00 kJ/mol  
99+
21st Energy Level
509.30 kJ/mol  
99+
392.00 kJ/mol  
99+
22nd Energy Level
509.00 kJ/mol  
99+
392.00 kJ/mol  
99+
23rd Energy Level
509.30 kJ/mol  
99+
392.80 kJ/mol  
99+
24th Energy Level
509.30 kJ/mol  
99+
392.00 kJ/mol  
99+
25th Energy Level
509.00 kJ/mol  
99+
392.00 kJ/mol  
99+
26th Energy Level
509.30 kJ/mol  
99+
392.80 kJ/mol  
99+
27th Energy Level
509.30 kJ/mol  
99+
392.00 kJ/mol  
99+
28th Energy Level
509.30 kJ/mol  
99+
380.00 kJ/mol  
99+
29th Energy Level
509.30 kJ/mol  
99+
392.00 kJ/mol  
99+
30th Energy Level
509.00 kJ/mol  
99+
677.00 kJ/mol  
31
Electrochemical Equivalent
4.22 g/amp-hr  
6
8.32 g/amp-hr  
1
Electron Work Function
4.30 eV  
25
4.07 eV  
33
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity  
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity, Solubility  
Atomic
Atomic Number
88  
30
87  
31
Electron Configuration
[Rn] 7s2  
[Rn] 7s1  
Crystal Structure
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)  
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)  
Crystal Lattice
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100  
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100  
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
88  
30
87  
31
Number of Neutrons
138  
17
136  
18
Number of Electrons
88  
30
87  
31
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
215.00 pm  
6
348.00 pm  
1
Covalent Radius
221.00 pm  
3
260.00 pm  
1
Van der Waals Radius
283.00 pm  
5
348.00 pm  
1
Atomic Weight
226.00 amu  
26
223.00 amu  
27
Atomic Volume
45.20 cm3/mol  
5
71.00 cm3/mol  
2
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Francium
  
Polonium
  
Next Element
Actinium
  
Radium
  
Valence Electron Potential
20.10 (-eV)  
99+
8.00 (-eV)  
99+
Lattice Constant
514.80 pm  
15
440.00 pm  
21
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2  
-  
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.57  
99+
1.56  
99+
Mechanical
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
5.50 g/cm3  
99+
1.87 g/cm3  
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
5.50 g/cm3  
99+
1.87 g/cm3  
99+
Tensile Strength
40.00 MPa  
99+
50.00 MPa  
38
Viscosity
0.00  
2
0.00  
25
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
16
0.00 (Pa)  
37
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
33
0.00 (Pa)  
24
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
25.00 GPa  
38
3.60 GPa  
99+
Bulk Modulus
43.00 GPa  
33
6.00 GPa  
99+
Young's Modulus
83.00 GPa  
25
0.00 GPa  
99+
Poisson Ratio
0.31  
13
0.44  
3
Other Mechanical Properties
-  
-  
Magnetic
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
5.00  
99+
0.87  
99+
Magnetic Ordering
Nonmagnetic  
Paramagnetic  
Permeability
0.00 H/m  
9
0.00 H/m  
13
Susceptibility
0.00  
18
0.00  
24
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
-  
Poor Conductor  
Resistivity
100.00 nΩ·m  
31
3.00 nΩ·m  
99+
Electrical Conductivity
0.00 106/cm Ω  
99+
0.03 106/cm Ω  
99+
Electron Affinity
0.90 kJ/mol  
99+
0.70 kJ/mol  
99+
Thermal
Specific Heat
0.12 J/(kg K)  
99+
0.15 J/(kg K)  
37
Molar Heat Capacity
20.05 J/mol·K  
99+
27.00 J/mol·K  
29
Thermal Conductivity
18.60 W/m·K  
99+
15.00 W/m·K  
99+
Critical Temperature
973.00 K  
99+
300.00 K  
99+
Thermal Expansion
8.50 µm/(m·K)  
99+
18.90 µm/(m·K)  
25
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
113.00 kJ/mol  
99+
67.00 kJ/mol  
99+
Enthalpy of Fusion
8.60 kJ/mol  
99+
2.30 kJ/mol  
99+
Enthalpy of Atomization
163.00 kJ/mol  
99+
71.00 kJ/mol  
99+
Standard Molar Entropy
71.00 J/mol.K  
14
42.00 J/mol.K  
99+
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