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Actinium vs Barium

Actinium
Barium
Barium vs Actinium


Periodic Table
Symbol
Ac   
Ba   
Group Number
Not Available   
2   
16
Period Number
7   
6   
Block
f block   
s block   
Element Family
Actinide   
Alkaline Earth   
CAS Number
7440348   
99+
7440393   
99+
Space Group Name
Fm_ 3m   
Im_ 3m   
Space Group Number
225.00   
2
229.00   
1
Facts
Interesting Facts
Not Available   
  • Barium oxidizes very easily in the air.
  • All toxic compounds of Barium can easily dissolve in water.
  • Barium carbonate is used to produce a Rat poison and its other compound Barium nitrate is used in fireworks to produce green color.
  
Sources
Obtained by Treating Radium with Neutrons, Ores of metals   
Earth's crust, Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals   
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Friedrich Oskar Giesel   
Carl Wilhelm Scheele   
Discovery
In 1902   
In 1772   
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
Not Available   
1 * 10-6 %   
16
Abundance In Sun
~-9999 %   
~0.000001 %   
18
Abundance In Meteorites
Not Available   
0.00 %   
20
Abundance In Earth's Crust
Not Available   
0.03 %   
11
Abundance In Oceans
Not Available   
0.00 %   
8
Abundance In Humans
Not Available   
0.00 %   
12
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Actinium metal has a great source of alpha rays but it is hardly used outside research purpose.
  
  • It is sued in chemical paint manufacturing and glass manufacturing.
  • Compounds of this metal are toxic; but still the barium sulfate is insoluble and given to patients suffering from digestive disorder.
  
Industrial Uses
NA   
Ammunition Industry, Automobile Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry   
Medical Uses
NA   
NA   
Other Uses
Alloys, Nuclear Research, Research Purposes   
Alloys   
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Toxic   
Low Toxic   
Present in Human Body
No   
Yes   
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3   
37
0.07 Blood/mg dm-3   
15
In Bone
0.00 p.p.m.   
36
70.00 p.p.m.   
9
Physical Properties
Melting Point
1,227.00 °C   
38
725.00 °C   
99+
Boiling Point
3,200.00 °C   
26
1,140.00 °C   
99+
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid   
Solid   
Color
Silvery White   
Silvery Gray   
Luster
NA   
NA   
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
Not Available   
1.25   
19
Speed of Sound
Not Available   
1,620.00 m/s   
99+
Optical Properties
  
  
Allotropes
No   
No   
α Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
β Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
γ Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Ac   
Ba   
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
29   
10
37   
2
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
1.10   
99+
0.89   
99+
Sanderson Electronegativity
Not Available   
0.68   
28
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.00   
36
0.97   
38
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
Not Available   
0.88   
22
Allen Electronegativity
Not Available   
0.88   
99+
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.90   
10
3.11   
4
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
499.00 kJ/mol   
99+
502.90 kJ/mol   
99+
2nd Energy Level
1,170.00 kJ/mol   
99+
965.20 kJ/mol   
99+
3rd Energy Level
1,900.00 kJ/mol   
99+
3,600.00 kJ/mol   
14
4th Energy Level
4,700.00 kJ/mol   
23
Not Available   
Electrochemical Equivalent
2.82 g/amp-hr   
18
2.56 g/amp-hr   
20
Electron Work Function
Not Available   
2.70 eV   
99+
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity, Solubility   
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity, Solubility   
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
89   
29
56   
99+
Electron Configuration
[Rn] 6d1 7s2   
[Xe] 6s2   
Crystal Structure
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)   
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)   
Crystal Lattice
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Actinium.jpg#100   
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100   
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
89   
29
56   
99+
Number of Neutrons
138   
16
81   
99+
Number of Electrons
89   
29
56   
99+
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
195.00 pm   
7
222.00 pm   
4
Covalent Radius
Not Available   
215.00 pm   
5
Van der Waals Radius
Not Available   
268.00 pm   
6
Atomic Weight
227.00 amu   
25
137.33 amu   
99+
Atomic Volume
22.54 cm3/mol   
11
39.24 cm3/mol   
5
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Radium
  
Cesium
  
Next Element
Thorium
  
Lanthanum
  
Valence Electron Potential
38.60 (-eV)   
99+
21.30 (-eV)   
99+
Lattice Constant
567.00 pm   
8
502.80 pm   
15
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2   
π/2, π/2, π/2   
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available   
Not Available   
Mechanical Properties
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
10.00 g/cm3   
37
3.51 g/cm3   
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
Not Available   
3.34 g/cm3   
99+
Tensile Strength
Not Available   
Not Available   
Viscosity
Not Available   
Not Available   
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
Not Available   
7.11 (Pa)   
6
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
Not Available   
4.90 GPa   
99+
Bulk Modulus
Not Available   
9.60 GPa   
99+
Young's Modulus
Not Available   
13.00 GPa   
99+
Poisson Ratio
Not Available   
Not Available   
Other Mechanical Properties
NA   
NA   
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
10.07   
28
3.62   
99+
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic   
Paramagnetic   
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Unknown   
Superconductor   
Resistivity
Not Available   
332.00 nΩ·m   
13
Electrical Conductivity
Not Available   
0.03 106/cm Ω   
40
Electron Affinity
Not Available   
13.95 kJ/mol   
36
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.12 J/(kg K)   
40
0.20 J/(kg K)   
30
Molar Heat Capacity
27.20 J/mol·K   
18
28.07 J/mol·K   
12
Thermal Conductivity
12.00 W/m·K   
99+
18.40 W/m·K   
99+
Critical Temperature
Not Available   
Not Available   
Thermal Expansion
Not Available   
20.60 µm/(m·K)   
22
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
Not Available   
140.00 kJ/mol   
99+
Enthalpy of Fusion
Not Available   
7.66 kJ/mol   
99+
Enthalpy of Atomization
301.00 kJ/mol   
36
175.70 kJ/mol   
99+
Standard Molar Entropy
56.50 J/mol.K   
25
62.50 J/mol.K   
20
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