Actinium vs Americium
Periodic Table
Symbol
Ac
Am
Group Number
Not Available
Not Available
Period Number
7
7
Block
f block
f block
Element Family
Actinide
Actinide
CAS Number
7440348
99+
7440359
99+
Space Group Name
Fm_ 3m
P63/mmc
Space Group Number
225.00
2
194.00
5
Facts
Interesting Facts
Not Available
- Americium metal is produced by bombarding Plutonium with Neutrons.
- Americium metal was discovered as a by-product while testing an atomic bomb (Manhattan Project).
Sources
Obtained by Treating Radium with Neutrons, Ores of metals
Obtained By Bombarding Plutonium with Neutrons
History
Who Discovered
Friedrich Oskar Giesel
Glenn T. Seaborg, Ralph A. James, Leon O. Morgan, Albert Ghiorso
Discovery
In 1902
In 1944
Abundance
Uses
Uses & Benefits
- Actinium metal has a great source of alpha rays but it is hardly used outside research purpose.
- Americium metal is used in smoke detection alarms.
- In the future, this metal has a potential to be used in batteries of spacecrafts.
Industrial Uses
NA
NA
Medical Uses
NA
NA
Other Uses
Alloys, Nuclear Research, Research Purposes
Alloys, Nuclear Research, Research Purposes
Biological Properties
Toxicity
Toxic
Toxic
Present in Human Body
No
No
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3
37
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3
37
In Bone
0.00 p.p.m.
36
0.00 p.p.m.
36
Physical Properties
Melting Point
1,227.00 °C
38
994.00 °C
99+
Boiling Point
3,200.00 °C
26
2,607.00 °C
99+
Appearance
Physical State
Solid
Solid
Color
Silvery White
Silvery White
Luster
NA
NA
Hardness
Speed of Sound
Not Available
Not Available
Optical Properties
Allotropes
No
No
α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Ac
Am
Isotopes
Known Isotopes
29
10
16
23
Electronegativity
Pauling Electronegativity
1.10
99+
1.30
32
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.00
36
1.20
27
Electropositivity
Pauling Electropositivity
2.90
10
2.70
22
Ionization Energies
1st Energy Level
499.00 kJ/mol
99+
578.00 kJ/mol
99+
2nd Energy Level
1,170.00 kJ/mol
99+
1,158.00 kJ/mol
99+
3rd Energy Level
1,900.00 kJ/mol
99+
2,132.00 kJ/mol
99+
4th Energy Level
4,700.00 kJ/mol
23
3,493.00 kJ/mol
99+
Electrochemical Equivalent
2.82 g/amp-hr
18
3.02 g/amp-hr
17
Electron Work Function
Not Available
Not Available
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity, Solubility
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity, Solubility
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
89
29
95
23
Electron Configuration
[Rn] 6d1 7s2
[Rn] 5f7 7s2
Crystal Structure
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)
Double Hexagonal Close Packed (DHCP)
Crystal Lattice
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Actinium.jpg#100
DHCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Americium.jpg#100
Atom
Number of Protons
89
29
95
23
Number of Neutrons
138
16
148
12
Number of Electrons
89
29
95
23
Radius of an Atom
Atomic Radius
195.00 pm
7
173.00 pm
21
Covalent Radius
Not Available
180.00 pm
21
Van der Waals Radius
Not Available
244.00 pm
10
Atomic Weight
227.00 amu
25
243.00 amu
20
Atomic Volume
22.54 cm3/mol
11
17.86 cm3/mol
29
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
Valence Electron Potential
38.60 (-eV)
99+
44.00 (-eV)
40
Lattice Constant
567.00 pm
8
346.81 pm
99+
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available
Not Available
Mechanical Properties
Density
Density At Room Temperature
10.00 g/cm3
37
12.00 g/cm3
30
Tensile Strength
Not Available
Not Available
Viscosity
Not Available
Not Available
Vapor Pressure
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
Not Available
0.00 (Pa)
13
Elasticity properties
Poisson Ratio
Not Available
Not Available
Other Mechanical Properties
NA
NA
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
Specific Gravity
10.07
28
13.67
15
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic
Paramagnetic
Electrical Properties
Resistivity
Not Available
0.69 nΩ·m
99+
Electrical Conductivity
Not Available
0.02 106/cm Ω
99+
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.12 J/(kg K)
40
0.11 J/(kg K)
99+
Molar Heat Capacity
27.20 J/mol·K
18
62.70 J/mol·K
1
Thermal Conductivity
12.00 W/m·K
99+
10.00 W/m·K
99+
Critical Temperature
Not Available
Not Available
Thermal Expansion
Not Available
Not Available
Enthalpy
Enthalpy of Fusion
Not Available
14.39 kJ/mol
24
Enthalpy of Atomization
301.00 kJ/mol
36
268.00 kJ/mol
40
Standard Molar Entropy
56.50 J/mol.K
25
Not Available
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