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Actinium vs Seaborgium

Actinium
Seaborgium
Seaborgium vs Actinium


Periodic Table
Symbol
Ac  
Sg  
Group Number
3  
15
6  
12
Period Number
7  
7  
Block
f block  
d block  
Element Family
Actinide  
Transition Metal  
CAS Number
7440348  
99+
54038812  
9
Space Group Name
Fm_ 3m  
-  
Space Group Number
225.00  
3
166.00  
9
Facts
Interesting Facts
Actinium glows in the dark due to its radioactivity.  
  • Seaborgium most stable isotope is Sg and it has 2.1 min of half- life.
  • And other isotopes of Seaborgium have half-lives as short as 3 ms.
  
Sources
Obtained by Treating Radium with Neutrons, Ores of metals  
Synthetically Produced  
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Friedrich Oskar Giesel  
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory  
Discovery
In 1902  
In 1974  
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
0.00 %  
34
0.00 %  
40
Abundance In Sun
0.00 %  
26
-  
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %  
99+
-  
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %  
99+
-  
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %  
99+
-  
Abundance In Humans
0.00 %  
24
-  
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Actinium metal has a great source of alpha rays but it is hardly used outside research purpose.
  
  • Currently known uses of Seaborgium metal are limited to research purpose only.
  
Industrial Uses
-  
-  
Medical Uses
-  
-  
Other Uses
Alloys, Nuclear Research, Research Purposes  
Research Purposes  
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Toxic  
-  
Present in Human Body
No  
No  
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
40
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
27
In Bone
0.00 p.p.m.  
99+
0.00 p.p.m.  
99+
Physical
Melting Point
1,227.00 °C  
38
-  
Boiling Point
3,200.00 °C  
27
0.00 °C  
99+
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid  
Solid  
Color
Silvery White  
-  
Luster
-  
Unknown Luster  
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
6.50  
5
6.00  
6
Brinell Hardness
70.00 MPa  
99+
400.00 MPa  
34
Vickers Hardness
260.00 MPa  
99+
520.00 MPa  
33
Speed of Sound
3,430.00 m/s  
32
3,200.00 m/s  
35
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
1.00  
99+
1.30  
99+
Reflectivity
62.00 %  
21
68.00 %  
15
Allotropes
No  
No  
α Allotropes
-  
-  
β Allotropes
-  
-  
γ Allotropes
-  
-  
Chemical
Chemical Formula
Ac  
Sg  
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
29  
10
9  
29
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
1.10  
99+
0.00  
99+
Sanderson Electronegativity
1.10  
38
1.90  
13
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.00  
37
1.30  
25
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
1.10  
99+
1.30  
33
Allen Electronegativity
1.10  
99+
1.90  
8
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.90  
10
2.20  
39
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
499.00 kJ/mol  
99+
757.40 kJ/mol  
21
2nd Energy Level
1,170.00 kJ/mol  
99+
1,732.90 kJ/mol  
29
3rd Energy Level
1,900.00 kJ/mol  
99+
2,483.50 kJ/mol  
99+
4th Energy Level
4,700.00 kJ/mol  
33
3,415.60 kJ/mol  
99+
5th Energy Level
4,990.00 kJ/mol  
99+
4,561.80 kJ/mol  
99+
6th Energy Level
5,750.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5,715.80 kJ/mol  
99+
7th Energy level
5,750.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5,700.00 kJ/mol  
99+
8th Energy Level
5,750.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5,700.00 kJ/mol  
99+
9th Energy Level
4,990.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5,710.00 kJ/mol  
99+
10th Energy Level
4,990.00 kJ/mol  
99+
6,270.00 kJ/mol  
99+
11th Energy Level
4,990.00 kJ/mol  
99+
6,600.00 kJ/mol  
39
12th Energy Level
49,900.00 kJ/mol  
21
971.00 kJ/mol  
99+
13th Energy Level
4,990.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5,700.00 kJ/mol  
99+
14th Energy Level
4,990.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5,700.00 kJ/mol  
99+
15th Energy Level
49,900.00 kJ/mol  
99+
54,000.00 kJ/mol  
99+
16th Energy Level
49,900.00 kJ/mol  
99+
64,000.00 kJ/mol  
27
17th Energy Level
499.00 kJ/mol  
99+
579.80 kJ/mol  
99+
18th Energy Level
4,990.00 kJ/mol  
99+
3,300.00 kJ/mol  
99+
19th Energy Level
499.00 kJ/mol  
99+
579.80 kJ/mol  
99+
20th Energy Level
499.00 kJ/mol  
99+
579.00 kJ/mol  
99+
21st Energy Level
4,990.00 kJ/mol  
25
6,270.00 kJ/mol  
14
22nd Energy Level
499.00 kJ/mol  
99+
573.00 kJ/mol  
99+
23rd Energy Level
4,990.00 kJ/mol  
29
5,790.00 kJ/mol  
22
24th Energy Level
499.00 kJ/mol  
99+
971.00 kJ/mol  
4
25th Energy Level
499.00 kJ/mol  
99+
0.00 kJ/mol  
99+
26th Energy Level
499.00 kJ/mol  
99+
579.10 kJ/mol  
99+
27th Energy Level
499.00 kJ/mol  
99+
870.00 kJ/mol  
7
28th Energy Level
499.00 kJ/mol  
99+
870.00 kJ/mol  
10
29th Energy Level
499.00 kJ/mol  
99+
761.90 kJ/mol  
21
30th Energy Level
499.00 kJ/mol  
99+
0.00 kJ/mol  
99+
Electrochemical Equivalent
2.82 g/amp-hr  
22
3.20 g/amp-hr  
14
Electron Work Function
4.38 eV  
23
6.00 eV  
1
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity, Solubility  
-  
Atomic
Atomic Number
89  
29
106  
12
Electron Configuration
[Rn] 6d1 7s2  
[Rn] 5f14 6d2 7s2  
Crystal Structure
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)  
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)  
Crystal Lattice
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Actinium.jpg#100  
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100  
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
89  
29
106  
12
Number of Neutrons
138  
17
157  
8
Number of Electrons
89  
29
106  
12
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
195.00 pm  
9
132.00 pm  
99+
Covalent Radius
186.00 pm  
21
143.00 pm  
99+
Van der Waals Radius
215.00 pm  
31
230.00 pm  
24
Atomic Weight
227.00 amu  
25
269.00 amu  
9
Atomic Volume
22.54 cm3/mol  
20
35.00 cm3/mol  
8
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Radium
  
Dubnium
  
Next Element
Thorium
  
Bohrium
  
Valence Electron Potential
38.60 (-eV)  
99+
6.10 (-eV)  
99+
Lattice Constant
567.00 pm  
9
-  
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2  
-  
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.89  
2
1.36  
99+
Mechanical
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
10.00 g/cm3  
40
35.00 g/cm3  
4
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
10.07 g/cm3  
40
35.00 g/cm3  
4
Tensile Strength
65.00 MPa  
33
30.00 MPa  
99+
Viscosity
0.00  
25
0.00  
25
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
22
0.00 (Pa)  
37
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
30
0.00 (Pa)  
99+
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
25.00 GPa  
38
30.00 GPa  
27
Bulk Modulus
94.00 GPa  
17
0.00 GPa  
99+
Young's Modulus
130.00 GPa  
16
12.60 GPa  
99+
Poisson Ratio
0.34  
10
0.25  
24
Other Mechanical Properties
-  
-  
Magnetic
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
10.07  
99+
35.00  
6
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic  
-  
Permeability
0.00 H/m  
17
0.00 H/m  
7
Susceptibility
0.00  
24
0.00  
24
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
-  
-  
Resistivity
5.20 nΩ·m  
99+
0.38 nΩ·m  
99+
Electrical Conductivity
0.15 106/cm Ω  
13
0.00 106/cm Ω  
99+
Electron Affinity
33.20 kJ/mol  
34
50.00 kJ/mol  
26
Thermal
Specific Heat
0.12 J/(kg K)  
99+
0.27 J/(kg K)  
19
Molar Heat Capacity
27.20 J/mol·K  
24
35.00 J/mol·K  
5
Thermal Conductivity
12.00 W/m·K  
99+
0.14 W/m·K  
99+
Critical Temperature
1,323.00 K  
99+
1,200.00 K  
99+
Thermal Expansion
12.10 µm/(m·K)  
99+
11.00 µm/(m·K)  
99+
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
120.00 kJ/mol  
99+
585.00 kJ/mol  
10
Enthalpy of Fusion
14.20 kJ/mol  
28
-  
Enthalpy of Atomization
301.00 kJ/mol  
99+
650.00 kJ/mol  
8
Standard Molar Entropy
56.50 J/mol.K  
33
42.70 J/mol.K  
99+
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