1 Periodic Table
1.1 Symbol
1.2 Group Number
1.3 Period Number
1.4 Block
1.5 Element Family
Actinide
Transition Metal
1.6 CAS Number
74403487440655
7429905
54386242
1.7 Space Group Name
1.8 Space Group Number
2 Facts
2.1 Interesting Facts
Not Available
- Yttrium Metal is highly toxic.
- Yttrium Metal is highly reactive in nature hence not found free in nature.
2.2 Sources
Obtained by Treating Radium with Neutrons, Ores of metals
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals
2.3 History
2.3.1 Who Discovered
Friedrich Oskar Giesel
Johan Gadolin
2.3.2 Discovery
2.4 Abundance
2.4.1 Abundance In Universe
2.4.2 Abundance In Sun
~-9999 %~0.0000001 %
1E-08
0.1
2.4.3 Abundance In Meteorites
2.4.4 Abundance In Earth's Crust
2.4.5 Abundance In Oceans
2.4.6 Abundance In Humans
3 Uses
3.1 Uses & Benefits
- Actinium metal has a great source of alpha rays but it is hardly used outside research purpose.
- Yttrium metal is used in different alloys, as it increases the strength of aluminum Magnesium alloy. It is used for radar microwave filter.
-
It is also used as a catalyst in ethene polymerisation.
3.1.1 Industrial Uses
NA
Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
3.1.2 Medical Uses
3.1.3 Other Uses
Alloys, Nuclear Research, Research Purposes
Alloys
3.2 Biological Properties
3.2.1 Toxicity
3.2.2 Present in Human Body
3.2.3 In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-30.00 Blood/mg dm-3
0
1970
3.2.4 In Bone
0.00 p.p.m.0.07 p.p.m.
0
170000
4 Physical
4.1 Melting Point
1,227.00 °C1,523.00 °C
27
3410
4.2 Boiling Point
3,200.00 °C3,337.00 °C
147
5660
4.3 Appearance
4.3.1 Physical State
4.3.2 Color
Silvery White
Silvery White
4.3.3 Luster
4.4 Hardness
4.4.1 Mohs Hardness
4.4.2 Brinell Hardness
4.4.3 Vickers Hardness
4.5 Speed of Sound
4.6 Optical Properties
4.6.1 Refractive Index
4.6.2 Reflectivity
4.7 Allotropes
4.7.1 α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
4.7.2 β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
4.7.3 γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
5 Chemical
5.1 Chemical Formula
5.2 Isotopes
5.2.1 Known Isotopes
5.3 Electronegativity
5.3.1 Pauling Electronegativity
5.3.2 Sanderson Electronegativity
5.3.3 Allred Rochow Electronegativity
5.3.4 Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
5.3.5 Allen Electronegativity
5.4 Electropositivity
5.4.1 Pauling Electropositivity
5.5 Ionization Energies
5.5.1 1st Energy Level
499.00 kJ/mol600.00 kJ/mol
375.7
26130
5.5.2 2nd Energy Level
1,170.00 kJ/mol1,180.00 kJ/mol
710.2162
28750
5.5.3 3rd Energy Level
1,900.00 kJ/mol1,980.00 kJ/mol
1600
34230
5.5.4 4th Energy Level
4,700.00 kJ/mol5,847.00 kJ/mol
2780
37066
5.5.5 5th Energy Level
NA7,430.00 kJ/mol
4305.2
97510
5.5.6 6th Energy Level
NA8,970.00 kJ/mol
5715.8
105800
5.5.7 7th Energy level
NA11,190.00 kJ/mol
7226.8
114300
5.5.8 8th Energy Level
NA12,450.00 kJ/mol
8857.4
125300
5.5.9 9th Energy Level
NA14,110.00 kJ/mol
14110
134700
5.5.10 10th Energy Level
NA18,400.00 kJ/mol
17100
144300
5.5.11 11th Energy Level
NA19,900.00 kJ/mol
19900
169988
5.5.12 12th Energy Level
NA36,090.00 kJ/mol
22219
189368
5.5.13 13th Energy Level
5.5.14 14th Energy Level
5.5.15 15th Energy Level
5.5.16 16th Energy Level
5.5.17 17th Energy Level
5.5.18 18th Energy Level
5.5.19 19th Energy Level
5.5.20 20th Energy Level
5.5.21 21st Energy Level
5.5.22 22nd Energy Level
5.5.23 23rd Energy Level
5.5.24 24th Energy Level
5.5.25 25th Energy Level
5.5.26 26th Energy Level
5.5.27 27th Energy Level
5.5.28 28th Energy Level
5.5.29 29th Energy Level
5.5.30 30th Energy Level
5.6 Electrochemical Equivalent
2.82 g/amp-hr1.11 g/amp-hr
0.16812
8.3209
5.7 Electron Work Function
5.8 Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity, Solubility
Chemical Stability, Flammable, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility
6 Atomic
6.1 Atomic Number
6.2 Electron Configuration
[Rn] 6d1 7s2
[Kr] 4d1 5s2
6.3 Crystal Structure
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)
6.3.1 Crystal Lattice
6.4 Atom
6.4.1 Number of Protons
6.4.2 Number of Neutrons
6.4.3 Number of Electrons
6.5 Radius of an Atom
6.5.1 Atomic Radius
195.00 pm180.00 pm
112
265
6.5.2 Covalent Radius
6.5.3 Van der Waals Radius
6.6 Atomic Weight
227.00 amu88.91 amu
6.94
294
6.7 Atomic Volume
22.54 cm3/mol19.80 cm3/mol
1.39
71.07
6.8 Adjacent Atomic Numbers
6.8.1 Previous Element
6.8.2 Next Element
6.9 Valence Electron Potential
38.60 (-eV)48.00 (-eV)
8
392.42
6.10 Lattice Constant
567.00 pm364.74 pm
228.58
891.25
6.11 Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
6.12 Lattice C/A Ratio
7 Mechanical
7.1 Density
7.1.1 Density At Room Temperature
10.00 g/cm34.47 g/cm3
0.534
40.7
7.1.2 Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
7.2 Tensile Strength
7.3 Viscosity
7.4 Vapor Pressure
7.4.1 Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
7.4.2 Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
7.5 Elasticity properties
7.5.1 Shear Modulus
7.5.2 Bulk Modulus
7.5.3 Young's Modulus
7.6 Poisson Ratio
7.7 Other Mechanical Properties
8 Magnetic
8.1 Magnetic Characteristics
8.1.1 Specific Gravity
8.1.2 Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic
Paramagnetic
8.1.3 Permeability
8.1.4 Susceptibility
8.2 Electrical Properties
8.2.1 Electrical Property
8.2.2 Resistivity
8.2.3 Electrical Conductivity
NA0.02 106/cm Ω
0.00666
0.63
8.2.4 Electron Affinity
9 Thermal
9.1 Specific Heat
0.12 J/(kg K)0.30 J/(kg K)
0.11
3.6
9.2 Molar Heat Capacity
27.20 J/mol·K26.53 J/mol·K
16.443
62.7
9.3 Thermal Conductivity
12.00 W/m·K17.20 W/m·K
6.3
429
9.4 Critical Temperature
9.5 Thermal Expansion
9.6 Enthalpy
9.6.1 Enthalpy of Vaporization
NA393.00 kJ/mol
7.32
799.1
9.6.2 Enthalpy of Fusion
9.6.3 Enthalpy of Atomization
301.00 kJ/mol418.00 kJ/mol
61.5
837
9.7 Standard Molar Entropy
56.50 J/mol.K44.40 J/mol.K
9.5
198.1