Symbol
Y
Group Number
3
Rank: 15 (Overall)
0
17
👆🏻
Period Number
5
Rank: 3 (Overall)
2
7
👆🏻
Block
d block
Element Family
Transition Metal
CAS Number
7440655
Rank: 25 (Overall)
7429905
54386242
👆🏻
Space Group Name
P63/mmc
Space Group Number
194.00
Rank: 7 (Overall)
11
276
👆🏻
Interesting Facts
- Yttrium Metal is highly toxic.
- Yttrium Metal is highly reactive in nature hence not found free in nature.
Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals
History
Who Discovered
Johan Gadolin
Discovery
In 1794
Abundance
Abundance In Universe
0.00 %
Rank: 18 (Overall)
0
0.11
👆🏻
Abundance In Sun
0.00 %
Rank: 26 (Overall)
0
0.1
👆🏻
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %
Rank: 21 (Overall)
0
22
👆🏻
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %
Rank: 22 (Overall)
1E-37
8.1
👆🏻
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %
Rank: 25 (Overall)
0
1.1
👆🏻
Abundance In Humans
0.00 %
Rank: 24 (Overall)
0
1.4
👆🏻
Uses & Benefits
- Yttrium metal is used in different alloys, as it increases the strength of aluminum Magnesium alloy. It is used for radar microwave filter.
-
It is also used as a catalyst in ethene polymerisation.
Industrial Uses
Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
Medical Uses
-
Other Uses
Alloys
Biological Properties
Toxicity
Highly Toxic
Present in Human Body
✔
✘
60% - Transition Metals Metals have it !
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3
Rank: 26 (Overall)
0
1970
👆🏻
In Bone
0.07 p.p.m.
Rank: 30 (Overall)
0
170000
👆🏻
Melting Point
1,523.00 °C
Rank: 27 (Overall)
-38.83
3410
👆🏻
Boiling Point
3,337.00 °C
Rank: 22 (Overall)
0
5660
👆🏻
Appearance
Physical State
Solid
Color
Silvery White
Luster
-
Hardness
Mohs Hardness
4.00
Rank: 11 (Overall)
0.2
8.5
👆🏻
Brinell Hardness
589.00 MPa
Rank: 26 (Overall)
0.14
3490
👆🏻
Vickers Hardness
590.00 MPa
Rank: 29 (Overall)
0
3920
👆🏻
Speed of Sound
3,300.00 m/s
Rank: 34 (Overall)
818
16200
👆🏻
Optical Properties
Refractive Index
1.90
Rank: 18 (Overall)
0.155
3.41
👆🏻
Reflectivity
83.00 %
Rank: 6 (Overall)
5
97
👆🏻
Allotropes
✔
✘
6% - Transition Metals Metals
α Allotropes
-
β Allotropes
-
γ Allotropes
-
Chemical Formula
Y
Isotopes
Known Isotopes
19
Rank: 20 (Overall)
0
38
👆🏻
Electronegativity
Pauling Electronegativity
1.22
Rank: 39 (Overall)
0
2.6
👆🏻
Sanderson Electronegativity
0.65
Rank: 49 (Overall)
0.22
2.56
👆🏻
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.11
Rank: 30 (Overall)
0.86
1.9
👆🏻
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
1.22
Rank: 38 (Overall)
0.62
2.48
👆🏻
Allen Electronegativity
1.12
Rank: 54 (Overall)
0.659
2.7
👆🏻
Electropositivity
Pauling Electropositivity
2.78
Rank: 16 (Overall)
1.46
3.3
👆🏻
Ionization Energies
1st Energy Level
600.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 53 (Overall)
375.7
26130
👆🏻
2nd Energy Level
1,180.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 64 (Overall)
392.8
28750
👆🏻
3rd Energy Level
1,980.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 80 (Overall)
392.8
34230
👆🏻
4th Energy Level
5,847.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 19 (Overall)
375.7
37066
👆🏻
5th Energy Level
7,430.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 22 (Overall)
392
97510
👆🏻
6th Energy Level
8,970.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 23 (Overall)
1007
105800
👆🏻
7th Energy level
11,190.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 18 (Overall)
1007
114300
👆🏻
8th Energy Level
12,450.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 18 (Overall)
730
125300
👆🏻
9th Energy Level
14,110.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 19 (Overall)
1007
134700
👆🏻
10th Energy Level
18,400.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 17 (Overall)
392
144300
👆🏻
11th Energy Level
19,900.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 18 (Overall)
392
169988
👆🏻
12th Energy Level
36,090.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 25 (Overall)
0
189368
👆🏻
13th Energy Level
6,000.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 44 (Overall)
1007
76015
👆🏻
14th Energy Level
6,000.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 33 (Overall)
380
86450
👆🏻
15th Energy Level
60,000.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 45 (Overall)
33000
100700
👆🏻
16th Energy Level
60,000.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 34 (Overall)
375.7
109480
👆🏻
17th Energy Level
600.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 55 (Overall)
375.7
122200
👆🏻
18th Energy Level
6,000.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 47 (Overall)
0
134810
👆🏻
19th Energy Level
600.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 52 (Overall)
375.7
148700
👆🏻
20th Energy Level
600.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 49 (Overall)
0
171200
👆🏻
21st Energy Level
600.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 62 (Overall)
375.7
179100
👆🏻
22nd Energy Level
600.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 43 (Overall)
330
184900
👆🏻
23rd Energy Level
600.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 61 (Overall)
357.6
198800
👆🏻
24th Energy Level
600.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 45 (Overall)
297.3
195200
👆🏻
25th Energy Level
600.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 47 (Overall)
0
121900
👆🏻
26th Energy Level
604.50 kJ/mol
Rank: 42 (Overall)
357.6
127700
👆🏻
27th Energy Level
604.50 kJ/mol
Rank: 45 (Overall)
0
133800
👆🏻
28th Energy Level
604.50 kJ/mol
Rank: 49 (Overall)
297.3
139800
👆🏻
29th Energy Level
604.50 kJ/mol
Rank: 50 (Overall)
0
148100
👆🏻
30th Energy Level
604.50 kJ/mol
Rank: 46 (Overall)
0
154500
👆🏻
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.11 g/amp-hr
Rank: 60 (Overall)
0.16812
8.3209
👆🏻
Electron Work Function
3.10 eV
Rank: 46 (Overall)
2.14
6
👆🏻
Other Chemical Properties
Chemical Stability, Flammable, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility
Atomic Number
39
Rank: 73 (Overall)
3
117
👆🏻
Electron Configuration
[Kr] 4d1 5s2
Crystal Structure
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)
Crystal Lattice
Atom
Number of Protons
39
Rank: 72 (Overall)
3
117
👆🏻
Number of Neutrons
50
Rank: 56 (Overall)
4
285
👆🏻
Number of Electrons
39
Rank: 72 (Overall)
3
117
👆🏻
Radius of an Atom
Atomic Radius
180.00 pm
Rank: 16 (Overall)
0
348
👆🏻
Covalent Radius
190.00 pm
Rank: 18 (Overall)
0
260
👆🏻
Van der Waals Radius
200.00 pm
Rank: 35 (Overall)
0
348
👆🏻
Atomic Weight
88.91 amu
Rank: 67 (Overall)
6.94
294
👆🏻
Atomic Volume
19.80 cm3/mol
Rank: 33 (Overall)
1.39
71.07
👆🏻
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
Previous Element
Next Element
Valence Electron Potential
48.00 (-eV)
Rank: 31 (Overall)
0
392.42
👆🏻
Lattice Constant
364.74 pm
Rank: 34 (Overall)
0
891.25
👆🏻
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.57
Rank: 39 (Overall)
0.423
1.9
👆🏻
Density
Density At Room Temperature
4.47 g/cm3
Rank: 76 (Overall)
0.534
40.7
👆🏻
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
4.24 g/cm3
Rank: 77 (Overall)
0.512
41
👆🏻
Tensile Strength
160.00 MPa
Rank: 22 (Overall)
0.1
11000
👆🏻
Viscosity
0.00
Rank: 18 (Overall)
1.5E-05
0.0035
👆🏻
Vapor Pressure
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)
Rank: 34 (Overall)
0
121
👆🏻
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
4.27 (Pa)
Rank: 10 (Overall)
0
774
👆🏻
Elasticity properties
Shear Modulus
25.60 GPa
Rank: 37 (Overall)
1.3
222
👆🏻
Bulk Modulus
41.20 GPa
Rank: 35 (Overall)
0
462
👆🏻
Young's Modulus
63.50 GPa
Rank: 34 (Overall)
0
528
👆🏻
Poisson Ratio
0.24
Rank: 26 (Overall)
0.032
0.47
👆🏻
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile
Magnetic Characteristics
Specific Gravity
4.47
Rank: 75 (Overall)
0.53
4500
👆🏻
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic
Permeability
0.00 H/m
Rank: 18 (Overall)
1.25643E-06
0.0063
👆🏻
Susceptibility
0.00
Rank: 24 (Overall)
-0.000166
200000
👆🏻
Electrical Properties
Electrical Property
Conductor
Resistivity
596.00 nΩ·m
Rank: 8 (Overall)
0.1
961
👆🏻
Electrical Conductivity
0.02 106/cm Ω
Rank: 52 (Overall)
0
0.63
👆🏻
Electron Affinity
29.60 kJ/mol
Rank: 36 (Overall)
0
222.8
👆🏻
Specific Heat
0.30 J/(kg K)
Rank: 18 (Overall)
0.1
3.6
👆🏻
Molar Heat Capacity
26.53 J/mol·K
Rank: 35 (Overall)
13.1
62.7
👆🏻
Thermal Conductivity
17.20 W/m·K
Rank: 49 (Overall)
0
429
👆🏻
Critical Temperature
1,799.00 K
Rank: 31 (Overall)
26.3
3695
👆🏻
Thermal Expansion
10.60 µm/(m·K)
Rank: 50 (Overall)
4.5
97
👆🏻
Enthalpy
Enthalpy of Vaporization
393.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 25 (Overall)
7.32
799.1
👆🏻
Enthalpy of Fusion
17.15 kJ/mol
Rank: 16 (Overall)
2.1
35.23
👆🏻
Enthalpy of Atomization
418.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 23 (Overall)
61.5
837
👆🏻
Standard Molar Entropy
44.40 J/mol.K
Rank: 45 (Overall)
9.5
198.1
👆🏻