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Americium vs Tin

Americium
Tin
Tin vs Americium


Periodic Table
Symbol
Am   
Sn   
Group Number
Not Available   
14   
4
Period Number
7   
5   
Block
f block   
p block   
Element Family
Actinide   
Post-​Transition   
CAS Number
7440359   
99+
7440315   
99+
Space Group Name
P63/mmc   
I41/amd   
Space Group Number
194.00   
5
141.00   
7
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Americium metal is produced by bombarding Plutonium with Neutrons.
  • Americium metal was discovered as a by-product while testing an atomic bomb (Manhattan Project).
  
  • In the list of most abundant element Tin is ranked 49th.
  • Tin metal does not react with water as well as does not corrode in it.
  
Sources
Obtained By Bombarding Plutonium with Neutrons   
Found in Minerals, Mining   
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Glenn T. Seaborg, Ralph A. James, Leon O. Morgan, Albert Ghiorso   
Unknown   
Discovery
In 1944   
Before 3500 BC   
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
Not Available   
4 * 10-7 %   
20
Abundance In Sun
~-9999 %   
~0.0000009 %   
19
Abundance In Meteorites
Not Available   
0.00 %   
24
Abundance In Earth's Crust
Not Available   
0.00 %   
34
Abundance In Oceans
Not Available   
0.00 %   
26
Abundance In Humans
Not Available   
0.00 %   
13
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Americium metal is used in smoke detection alarms.
  • In the future, this metal has a potential to be used in batteries of spacecrafts.
  
  • Tin-niobium alloy is used for producing superconducting magnets.
  • Tin salt known as a tin II chloride, it is used as a mordant and as a reducing agent for dyeing calico and silk.
  
Industrial Uses
NA   
Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry, Food Industry   
Medical Uses
NA   
Dentistry   
Other Uses
Alloys, Nuclear Research, Research Purposes   
NA   
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Toxic   
Non Toxic   
Present in Human Body
No   
Yes   
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3   
37
0.38 Blood/mg dm-3   
10
In Bone
0.00 p.p.m.   
36
1.40 p.p.m.   
16
Physical Properties
Melting Point
994.00 °C   
99+
231.90 °C   
99+
Boiling Point
2,607.00 °C   
99+
2,270.00 °C   
99+
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid   
Solid   
Color
Silvery White   
Silvery White   
Luster
NA   
NA   
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
Not Available   
1.50   
18
Brinell Hardness
Not Available   
50.00 MPa   
99+
Speed of Sound
Not Available   
2,730.00 m/s   
32
Optical Properties
  
  
Allotropes
No   
Yes   
α Allotropes
Not Available   
Grey Tin (alpha Tin, Tin Pest)   
β Allotropes
Not Available   
White Tin (Beta Tin)   
γ Allotropes
Not Available   
Rhombic Tin (gamma Tin)   
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Am   
Sn   
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
16   
23
35   
4
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
1.30   
32
1.96   
8
Sanderson Electronegativity
Not Available   
1.49   
15
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.20   
27
1.72   
4
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
Not Available   
2.21   
3
Allen Electronegativity
Not Available   
1.82   
11
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.70   
22
2.04   
99+
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
578.00 kJ/mol   
99+
708.60 kJ/mol   
33
2nd Energy Level
1,158.00 kJ/mol   
99+
1,411.80 kJ/mol   
99+
3rd Energy Level
2,132.00 kJ/mol   
99+
2,943.00 kJ/mol   
30
4th Energy Level
3,493.00 kJ/mol   
99+
3,930.30 kJ/mol   
99+
5th Energy Level
Not Available   
7,456.00 kJ/mol   
13
Electrochemical Equivalent
3.02 g/amp-hr   
17
1.11 g/amp-hr   
99+
Electron Work Function
Not Available   
4.42 eV   
16
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity, Solubility   
Ionization, Solubility   
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
95   
23
50   
99+
Electron Configuration
[Rn] 5f7 7s2   
[Kr] 4d10 5s2 5p2   
Crystal Structure
Double Hexagonal Close Packed (DHCP)   
Tetragonal (TETR)   
Crystal Lattice
DHCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Americium.jpg#100   
TETR-Crystal-Structure-of-Tin.jpg#100   
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
95   
23
50   
99+
Number of Neutrons
148   
12
69   
99+
Number of Electrons
95   
23
50   
99+
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
173.00 pm   
21
140.00 pm   
38
Covalent Radius
180.00 pm   
21
139.00 pm   
99+
Van der Waals Radius
244.00 pm   
10
217.00 pm   
23
Atomic Weight
243.00 amu   
20
118.71 amu   
99+
Atomic Volume
17.86 cm3/mol   
29
16.30 cm3/mol   
32
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Plutonium
  
Indium
  
Next Element
Curium
  
Cesium
  
Valence Electron Potential
44.00 (-eV)   
40
83.50 (-eV)   
14
Lattice Constant
346.81 pm   
99+
583.18 pm   
7
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3   
π/2, π/2, π/2   
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available   
Not Available   
Mechanical Properties
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
12.00 g/cm3   
30
7.37 g/cm3   
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
Not Available   
6.99 g/cm3   
34
Tensile Strength
Not Available   
Not Available   
Viscosity
Not Available   
Not Available   
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)   
13
0.00 (Pa)   
17
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
Not Available   
18.00 GPa   
36
Bulk Modulus
Not Available   
58.00 GPa   
20
Young's Modulus
Not Available   
50.00 GPa   
36
Poisson Ratio
Not Available   
0.36   
8
Other Mechanical Properties
NA   
Ductile, Malleable   
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
13.67   
15
7.31   
99+
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic   
Diamagnetic   
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Unknown   
Superconductor   
Resistivity
0.69 nΩ·m   
99+
115.00 nΩ·m   
28
Electrical Conductivity
0.02 106/cm Ω   
99+
0.09 106/cm Ω   
23
Electron Affinity
Not Available   
107.30 kJ/mol   
8
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.11 J/(kg K)   
99+
0.23 J/(kg K)   
28
Molar Heat Capacity
62.70 J/mol·K   
1
27.11 J/mol·K   
20
Thermal Conductivity
10.00 W/m·K   
99+
66.80 W/m·K   
25
Critical Temperature
Not Available   
Not Available   
Thermal Expansion
Not Available   
22.00 µm/(m·K)   
20
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
Not Available   
290.40 kJ/mol   
32
Enthalpy of Fusion
14.39 kJ/mol   
24
7.03 kJ/mol   
99+
Enthalpy of Atomization
268.00 kJ/mol   
40
301.30 kJ/mol   
35
Standard Molar Entropy
Not Available   
51.20 J/mol.K   
29
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