Californium Einsteinium Comparison
Periodic Table
Symbol
Cf
Es
Group Number
Not Available
Not Available
Period Number
7
7
Block
f block
f block
Element Family
Actinide
Actinide
CAS Number
7440713
20
7429927
99+
Space Group Name
P63/mmc
Not Available
Space Group Number
194.00
5
Not Available
Facts
Interesting Facts
- Californium metal is very harmful and highly radioactive.
- Californium metal is the heaviest metal.
- Einsteinium is the transuranic element found in US.
- Only 0.01 mg of Einsteinium was synthesized in 1961.
Sources
Made by Bombarding Curium with Helium Ions
Made by Bombarding Uranium with Neutrons
History
Who Discovered
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
Discovery
In 1950
In 1952
Abundance
Uses
Uses & Benefits
- Californium metal has a very strong neutron emitter. It is used as a metal detector.
- It also used as an identifier to check Water and oil layers in oil wells.
- Currently known uses of Einsteinium metal are limited to research purpose only.
Industrial Uses
Chemical Industry
NA
Medical Uses
NA
NA
Other Uses
Alloys, Nuclear Research
Alloys, Nuclear Research, Research Purposes
Biological Properties
Toxicity
Toxic
Toxic
Present in Human Body
No
No
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3
37
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3
37
In Bone
0.00 p.p.m.
36
0.00 p.p.m.
36
Physical Properties
Melting Point
900.00 °C
99+
860.00 °C
99+
Boiling Point
1,470.00 °C
99+
996.00 °C
99+
Appearance
Physical State
Solid
Solid
Color
Silver
Silver
Luster
NA
NA
Hardness
Mohs Hardness
3.00
12
Not Available
Speed of Sound
Not Available
Not Available
Optical Properties
Allotropes
No
No
α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Cf
Es
Isotopes
Known Isotopes
20
19
16
23
Electronegativity
Pauling Electronegativity
1.30
32
1.54
26
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.20
27
1.20
27
Electropositivity
Pauling Electropositivity
2.70
22
2.70
22
Ionization Energies
1st Energy Level
608.00 kJ/mol
99+
619.00 kJ/mol
99+
2nd Energy Level
1,206.00 kJ/mol
99+
1,216.00 kJ/mol
99+
3rd Energy Level
2,267.00 kJ/mol
99+
2,334.00 kJ/mol
99+
4th Energy Level
3,599.00 kJ/mol
99+
3,734.00 kJ/mol
99+
Electrochemical Equivalent
3.12 g/amp-hr
15
4.74 g/amp-hr
5
Electron Work Function
Not Available
Not Available
Other Chemical Properties
Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity, Solubility
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
98
20
99
19
Electron Configuration
[Rn] 5f10 7s2
[Rn] 5f11 7s2
Crystal Structure
Double Hexagonal Close Packed (DHCP)
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)
Crystal Lattice
DHCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Californium.jpg#100
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Einsteinium.jpg#100
Atom
Number of Protons
98
20
99
19
Number of Neutrons
153
9
153
9
Number of Electrons
98
20
99
19
Radius of an Atom
Atomic Radius
186.00 pm
9
186.00 pm
9
Atomic Weight
251.00 amu
17
252.00 amu
16
Atomic Volume
Not Available
Not Available
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
Valence Electron Potential
44.50 (-eV)
38
Not Available
Lattice Constant
338.00 pm
99+
Not Available
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
NA
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available
Not Available
Mechanical Properties
Density
Density At Room Temperature
15.10 g/cm3
21
8.84 g/cm3
99+
Tensile Strength
Not Available
Not Available
Viscosity
Not Available
Not Available
Vapor Pressure
Elasticity properties
Poisson Ratio
Not Available
Not Available
Other Mechanical Properties
Malleable, Sectile
NA
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
Specific Gravity
15.10
13
Not Available
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic
Paramagnetic
Electrical Properties
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
Not Available
Not Available
Molar Heat Capacity
Not Available
Not Available
Thermal Conductivity
Not Available
Not Available
Critical Temperature
Not Available
Not Available
Thermal Expansion
Not Available
Not Available
Enthalpy
Standard Molar Entropy
Not Available
Not Available
|
||
|
||
|
