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Californium vs Meitnerium

Californium
Meitnerium
Meitnerium vs Californium


Periodic Table
Symbol
Cf  
Mt  
Group Number
3  
15
9  
9
Period Number
7  
7  
Block
f block  
d block  
Element Family
Actinide  
Probably Transition  
CAS Number
7440713  
20
54038016  
10
Space Group Name
P63/mmc  
-  
Space Group Number
194.00  
7
166.00  
9
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Californium metal is very harmful and highly radioactive.
  • Californium metal is the heaviest metal.
  
Meitnerium is named after Lise Meitner, an Austrian physicist.  
Sources
Made by Bombarding Curium with Helium Ions  
Bombarding Bi209 with Accelerated Nuclei of Fe58, Synthetically Produced  
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory  
Gesellschaft für Schwerionenforschung  
Discovery
In 1950  
In 1982  
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
0.00 %  
38
0.00 %  
40
Abundance In Sun
0.00 %  
30
-  
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %  
99+
0.00 %  
99+
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %  
99+
-  
Abundance In Oceans
-  
-  
Abundance In Humans
0.00 %  
24
-  
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Californium metal has a very strong neutron emitter. It is used as a metal detector.
  • It also used as an identifier to check Water and oil layers in oil wells.
  
  • Currently known uses of Meitnerium metal are limited to research purpose only.
  
Industrial Uses
Chemical Industry  
-  
Medical Uses
-  
-  
Other Uses
Alloys, Nuclear Research  
-  
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Toxic  
-  
Present in Human Body
No  
No  
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
40
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
40
In Bone
0.00 p.p.m.  
99+
0.00 p.p.m.  
99+
Physical
Melting Point
900.00 °C  
99+
-  
Boiling Point
1,470.00 °C  
99+
0.00 °C  
99+
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid  
Solid  
Color
Silver  
-  
Luster
-  
Unknown Luster  
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
3.00  
13
-  
Brinell Hardness
170.00 MPa  
99+
400.00 MPa  
34
Vickers Hardness
1,800.00 MPa  
7
350.00 MPa  
99+
Speed of Sound
2,260.00 m/s  
99+
3,200.00 m/s  
35
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
1.30  
99+
1.30  
99+
Reflectivity
63.00 %  
20
68.00 %  
15
Allotropes
No  
No  
α Allotropes
-  
-  
β Allotropes
-  
-  
γ Allotropes
-  
-  
Chemical
Chemical Formula
Cf  
Mt  
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
20  
19
4  
33
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
1.30  
33
1.30  
33
Sanderson Electronegativity
1.30  
25
1.90  
13
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.20  
28
1.30  
25
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
1.30  
33
1.30  
33
Allen Electronegativity
1.30  
40
1.30  
40
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.70  
22
2.00  
99+
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
608.00 kJ/mol  
99+
800.80 kJ/mol  
15
2nd Energy Level
1,206.00 kJ/mol  
99+
1,823.60 kJ/mol  
18
3rd Energy Level
2,267.00 kJ/mol  
99+
2,904.20 kJ/mol  
31
4th Energy Level
3,599.00 kJ/mol  
99+
3,859.40 kJ/mol  
99+
5th Energy Level
6,080.00 kJ/mol  
99+
4,920.80 kJ/mol  
99+
6th Energy Level
6,080.00 kJ/mol  
99+
8,000.00 kJ/mol  
34
7th Energy level
6,080.00 kJ/mol  
99+
8,000.00 kJ/mol  
28
8th Energy Level
6,080.00 kJ/mol  
99+
8,000.00 kJ/mol  
28
9th Energy Level
6,080.00 kJ/mol  
99+
6,700.00 kJ/mol  
36
10th Energy Level
6,080.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5,800.00 kJ/mol  
99+
11th Energy Level
6,080.00 kJ/mol  
99+
6,300.00 kJ/mol  
99+
12th Energy Level
60,800.00 kJ/mol  
14
0.00 kJ/mol  
99+
13th Energy Level
6,080.00 kJ/mol  
99+
8,000.00 kJ/mol  
20
14th Energy Level
6,080.00 kJ/mol  
30
1,156.00 kJ/mol  
99+
15th Energy Level
62,400.00 kJ/mol  
39
80,000.00 kJ/mol  
17
16th Energy Level
62,400.00 kJ/mol  
29
58,700.00 kJ/mol  
39
17th Energy Level
608.00 kJ/mol  
99+
1,110.00 kJ/mol  
20
18th Energy Level
6,085.00 kJ/mol  
99+
8,000.00 kJ/mol  
23
19th Energy Level
608.00 kJ/mol  
99+
1,110.00 kJ/mol  
17
20th Energy Level
578.00 kJ/mol  
99+
850.00 kJ/mol  
18
21st Energy Level
6,080.00 kJ/mol  
16
800.00 kJ/mol  
99+
22nd Energy Level
608.00 kJ/mol  
39
380.00 kJ/mol  
99+
23rd Energy Level
6,080.00 kJ/mol  
17
8,000.00 kJ/mol  
9
24th Energy Level
608.00 kJ/mol  
99+
565.60 kJ/mol  
99+
25th Energy Level
608.00 kJ/mol  
99+
800.00 kJ/mol  
13
26th Energy Level
608.00 kJ/mol  
99+
800.00 kJ/mol  
13
27th Energy Level
608.00 kJ/mol  
99+
800.00 kJ/mol  
12
28th Energy Level
608.00 kJ/mol  
99+
800.00 kJ/mol  
18
29th Energy Level
608.00 kJ/mol  
99+
800.00 kJ/mol  
18
30th Energy Level
608.00 kJ/mol  
99+
800.00 kJ/mol  
13
Electrochemical Equivalent
3.12 g/amp-hr  
17
3.00 g/amp-hr  
21
Electron Work Function
4.70 eV  
15
4.90 eV  
12
Other Chemical Properties
Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity, Solubility  
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity  
Atomic
Atomic Number
98  
20
109  
9
Electron Configuration
[Rn] 5f10 7s2  
[Rn] 5f14 6d7 7s2  
Crystal Structure
Double Hexagonal Close Packed (DHCP)  
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)  
Crystal Lattice
DHCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Californium.jpg#100  
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Meitnerium.jpg#100  
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
98  
20
109  
9
Number of Neutrons
153  
10
157  
8
Number of Electrons
98  
20
109  
9
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
186.00 pm  
11
122.00 pm  
99+
Covalent Radius
186.00 pm  
21
129.00 pm  
99+
Van der Waals Radius
244.00 pm  
14
260.00 pm  
9
Atomic Weight
251.00 amu  
17
278.00 amu  
7
Atomic Volume
15.10 cm3/mol  
99+
20.20 cm3/mol  
30
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Berkelium
  
Hassium
  
Next Element
Einsteinium
  
Darmstadtium
  
Valence Electron Potential
44.50 (-eV)  
39
31.20 (-eV)  
99+
Lattice Constant
338.00 pm  
99+
0.00 pm  
99+
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3  
-  
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.58  
34
1.59  
27
Mechanical
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
15.10 g/cm3  
21
37.40 g/cm3  
2
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
15.10 g/cm3  
22
37.40 g/cm3  
2
Tensile Strength
50.00 MPa  
38
80.00 MPa  
29
Viscosity
0.00  
25
0.00  
25
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
22
0.00 (Pa)  
37
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
24
0.00 (Pa)  
37
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
29.00 GPa  
29
35.00 GPa  
21
Bulk Modulus
40.00 GPa  
38
0.00 GPa  
99+
Young's Modulus
0.00 GPa  
99+
13.50 GPa  
99+
Poisson Ratio
0.30  
14
0.25  
24
Other Mechanical Properties
Malleable, Sectile  
-  
Magnetic
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
15.10  
24
37.40  
4
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic  
Paramagnetic  
Permeability
0.00 H/m  
8
0.00 H/m  
12
Susceptibility
0.00  
24
0.00  
24
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
-  
-  
Resistivity
6.20 nΩ·m  
99+
0.35 nΩ·m  
99+
Electrical Conductivity
0.11 106/cm Ω  
23
0.00 106/cm Ω  
99+
Electron Affinity
97.00 kJ/mol  
12
50.00 kJ/mol  
26
Thermal
Specific Heat
0.10 J/(kg K)  
99+
0.10 J/(kg K)  
99+
Molar Heat Capacity
26.70 J/mol·K  
33
27.00 J/mol·K  
29
Thermal Conductivity
10.00 W/m·K  
99+
0.00 W/m·K  
99+
Critical Temperature
900.00 K  
99+
1,323.00 K  
99+
Thermal Expansion
11.70 µm/(m·K)  
99+
10.30 µm/(m·K)  
99+
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
311.40 kJ/mol  
99+
110.00 kJ/mol  
99+
Enthalpy of Fusion
15.10 kJ/mol  
21
-  
Enthalpy of Atomization
-  
350.20 kJ/mol  
37
Standard Molar Entropy
50.00 J/mol.K  
99+
63.80 J/mol.K  
22
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