Cerium Platinum Comparison
Periodic Table
Symbol
Ce
Pt
Group Number
Not Available
10
8
Period Number
6
6
Block
f block
d block
Element Family
Lanthanide
Transition Metal
CAS Number
7440451
99+
7440064
99+
Space Group Name
P63/mmc
Fm_ 3m
Space Group Number
194.00
5
225.00
2
Facts
Interesting Facts
- Cerium is a rare earth metal but still it is not rare at all.
- It’s non-toxic compound Cerium sulfide has a rich red color and it is used as a pigment.
- Cerium metal is also used in Flat screen TVs, light bulb, floodlights, etc.
- Platinum is the rarest metal from the Precious metal categories..
- Commercially Platinum is produced as a byproduct in ores of nickel.
Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals
Mining, Ores of metals, Ores of Minerals
History
Who Discovered
Martin Heinrich Klaproth, Jöns Jakob Berzelius, Wilhelm Hisinger
Antonio de Ulloa
Discovery
In 1803
In 1735
Abundance
Abundance In Universe
1 * 10-6 %
16
5 * 10-7 %
19
Abundance In Sun
~0.0000004 %
23
~0.0000009 %
19
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %
27
0.00 %
25
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.01 %
18
0.00 %
99+
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %
33
Not Available
Uses
Uses & Benefits
- It is used to include flints for cigarette lighters.
- Its compound Cerium (Ill) Oxide is used as a catalyst; it is put inside the walls of the oven as it prevents from the buildup of cooking residues.
- Platinum metal is mainly used in jewellery.
- Platinum is used as an industrial catalyst in production of nitric acid, silicone and benzene.
Industrial Uses
Chemical Industry
Aerospace Industry, Chemical Industry
Medical Uses
Medical Research
Dentistry, Pharmaceutical Industry, Surgical Instruments Manufacturing
Other Uses
Alloys
Alloys, Bullion, Coinage, Jewellery, Sculptures, Statues
Biological Properties
Toxicity
Moderately Toxic
Non Toxic
Present in Human Body
Yes
No
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3
30
Not Available
In Bone
2.70 p.p.m.
14
Not Available
Physical Properties
Melting Point
795.00 °C
99+
1,772.00 °C
16
Boiling Point
3,257.00 °C
23
3,827.00 °C
15
Appearance
Physical State
Solid
Solid
Color
Silvery White
Silvery White
Luster
Lustrous
Metallic
Hardness
Mohs Hardness
2.50
14
3.50
11
Brinell Hardness
186.00 MPa
99+
300.00 MPa
34
Vickers Hardness
210.00 MPa
32
400.00 MPa
25
Speed of Sound
2,100.00 m/s
99+
2,800.00 m/s
29
Optical Properties
Reflectivity
Not Available
73.00 %
8
Allotropes
No
No
α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Ce
Pt
Isotopes
Known Isotopes
30
9
35
4
Electronegativity
Pauling Electronegativity
1.12
99+
2.28
3
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.08
31
1.44
17
Allen Electronegativity
Not Available
1.72
16
Electropositivity
Pauling Electropositivity
2.88
11
1.72
99+
Ionization Energies
1st Energy Level
534.40 kJ/mol
99+
870.00 kJ/mol
10
2nd Energy Level
1,050.00 kJ/mol
99+
1,791.00 kJ/mol
21
3rd Energy Level
1,949.00 kJ/mol
99+
Not Available
4th Energy Level
3,547.00 kJ/mol
99+
Not Available
5th Energy Level
6,325.00 kJ/mol
22
Not Available
6th Energy Level
7,490.00 kJ/mol
21
Not Available
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.74 g/amp-hr
99+
1.82 g/amp-hr
35
Electron Work Function
2.84 eV
39
5.65 eV
1
Other Chemical Properties
Chemical Stability, Anti Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility
Chemical Stability, Anti Corrosion, Ionization
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
58
99+
78
38
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f1 5d1 6s2
[Xe] 4f14 5d9 6s1
Crystal Structure
Double Hexagonal Close Packed (DHCP)
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)
Crystal Lattice
DHCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Cerium.jpg#100
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Platinum.jpg#100
Atom
Number of Protons
58
99+
78
38
Number of Neutrons
82
99+
117
24
Number of Electrons
58
99+
78
38
Radius of an Atom
Atomic Radius
181.80 pm
12
139.00 pm
39
Covalent Radius
204.00 pm
8
136.00 pm
99+
Van der Waals Radius
235.00 pm
17
175.00 pm
36
Atomic Weight
140.12 amu
99+
47.87 amu
99+
Atomic Volume
20.67 cm3/mol
17
9.09 cm3/mol
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
Valence Electron Potential
41.78 (-eV)
99+
392.42 (-eV)
1
Lattice Constant
362.00 pm
34
392.42 pm
24
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
π/2, π/2, π/2
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available
Not Available
Mechanical Properties
Density
Density At Room Temperature
6.77 g/cm3
99+
21.45 g/cm3
11
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
6.55 g/cm3
38
19.77 g/cm3
2
Tensile Strength
Not Available
125.00 MPa
14
Viscosity
Not Available
Not Available
Vapor Pressure
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)
34
Not Available
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
1.04 (Pa)
13
0.07 (Pa)
18
Elasticity properties
Shear Modulus
13.50 GPa
99+
61.00 GPa
14
Bulk Modulus
21.50 GPa
99+
230.00 GPa
6
Young's Modulus
33.60 GPa
99+
168.00 GPa
14
Poisson Ratio
0.24
27
0.38
6
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile, Malleable
Ductile, Malleable
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
Specific Gravity
6.77
99+
21.45
4
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic
Paramagnetic
Permeability
Not Available
0.00 H/m
3
Electrical Properties
Electrical Property
Conductor
Conductor
Resistivity
828.00 nΩ·m
3
105.00 nΩ·m
30
Electrical Conductivity
0.01 106/cm Ω
99+
0.10 106/cm Ω
21
Electron Affinity
50.00 kJ/mol
21
205.30 kJ/mol
2
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.19 J/(kg K)
32
0.13 J/(kg K)
39
Molar Heat Capacity
26.94 J/mol·K
23
25.86 J/mol·K
35
Thermal Conductivity
11.30 W/m·K
99+
71.60 W/m·K
24
Critical Temperature
Not Available
Not Available
Thermal Expansion
6.30 µm/(m·K)
99+
8.80 µm/(m·K)
99+
Enthalpy
Enthalpy of Vaporization
414.00 kJ/mol
16
510.50 kJ/mol
11
Enthalpy of Fusion
5.46 kJ/mol
99+
19.70 kJ/mol
12
Enthalpy of Atomization
381.00 kJ/mol
23
565.00 kJ/mol
11
Standard Molar Entropy
72.00 J/mol.K
12
41.60 J/mol.K
36
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