1 Periodic Table
1.1 Symbol
1.2 Group Number
1.3 Period Number
1.4 Block
1.5 Element Family
Transition Metal
Alkaline Earth
1.6 CAS Number
540842637440702
7429905
54386242
1.9 Space Group Name
1.10 Space Group Number
2 Facts
2.1 Interesting Facts
Not Available
- Calcium ranks 5th rank in the list of earth’s abundance Percentage.
- It is found in the compound state.
- Gypsum or calcium sulfate is used as plaster and plaster of paris.
2.2 Sources
Synthetically Produced
Earth's crust, Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals
2.3 History
2.3.1 Who Discovered
Gesellschaft für Schwerionenforschung
Humphry Davy
2.3.2 Discovery
2.4 Abundance
2.4.1 Abundance In Universe
1.2.1 Abundance In Sun
~-9999 %~0.007 %
1E-08
0.1
1.3.1 Abundance In Meteorites
1.7.2 Abundance In Earth's Crust
1.9.1 Abundance In Oceans
2.3.2 Abundance In Humans
3 Uses
3.1 Uses & Benefits
- Currently known uses of Copernicium metal are limited to research purpose only.
- It is used as a reducing agent while preparing metals like thorium and uranium. It is also used as an alloying agent for metals such as aluminum, copper & lead.
- Calcium carbonate or lime stone is used in cement.
3.1.1 Industrial Uses
3.1.2 Medical Uses
NA
Dentistry, Pharmaceutical Industry
3.1.3 Other Uses
3.2 Biological Properties
3.2.1 Toxicity
3.2.2 Present in Human Body
3.2.3 In Blood
NA60.50 Blood/mg dm-3
0
1970
3.2.5 In Bone
NA170,000.00 p.p.m.
0
170000
4 Physical
4.1 Melting Point
4.2 Boiling Point
4.3 Appearance
4.3.1 Physical State
4.3.2 Color
4.3.3 Luster
4.4 Hardness
4.4.1 Mohs Hardness
4.5.2 Brinell Hardness
6.1.2 Vickers Hardness
6.2 Speed of Sound
7.2 Optical Properties
7.2.1 Refractive Index
7.3.1 Reflectivity
7.5 Allotropes
7.5.1 α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
7.5.2 β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
7.5.3 γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
8 Chemical
8.1 Chemical Formula
8.2 Isotopes
8.2.1 Known Isotopes
8.5 Electronegativity
8.5.1 Pauling Electronegativity
8.5.4 Sanderson Electronegativity
9.1.1 Allred Rochow Electronegativity
9.2.1 Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
9.3.1 Allen Electronegativity
9.6 Electropositivity
9.6.1 Pauling Electropositivity
10.4 Ionization Energies
10.4.1 1st Energy Level
1,154.90 kJ/mol589.80 kJ/mol
375.7
26130
10.5.2 2nd Energy Level
2,170.00 kJ/mol1,145.40 kJ/mol
710.2162
28750
10.6.1 3rd Energy Level
4,245.40 kJ/mol4,912.40 kJ/mol
1600
34230
10.7.2 4th Energy Level
5,499.70 kJ/mol6,491.00 kJ/mol
2780
37066
10.7.5 5th Energy Level
NA8,153.00 kJ/mol
4305.2
97510
10.7.7 6th Energy Level
NA10,496.00 kJ/mol
5715.8
105800
10.7.10 7th Energy level
NA12,270.00 kJ/mol
7226.8
114300
10.8.1 8th Energy Level
NA14,206.00 kJ/mol
8857.4
125300
10.9.2 9th Energy Level
NA18,191.00 kJ/mol
14110
134700
10.10.2 10th Energy Level
NA20,385.00 kJ/mol
17100
144300
10.10.4 11th Energy Level
NA57,110.00 kJ/mol
19900
169988
10.10.6 12th Energy Level
NA63,410.00 kJ/mol
22219
189368
10.10.8 13th Energy Level
NA70,110.00 kJ/mol
26930
76015
10.10.10 14th Energy Level
NA78,890.00 kJ/mol
29196
86450
10.10.13 15th Energy Level
NA86,310.00 kJ/mol
41987
97510
10.10.15 16th Energy Level
NA94,000.00 kJ/mol
47206
109480
10.10.17 17th Energy Level
NA104,900.00 kJ/mol
52737
122200
10.10.19 18th Energy Level
NA111,711.00 kJ/mol
58570
134810
10.10.20 19th Energy Level
10.10.22 20th Energy Level
10.10.24 21st Energy Level
10.10.25 22nd Energy Level
10.10.27 23rd Energy Level
10.10.29 24th Energy Level
10.10.31 25th Energy Level
10.10.32 26th Energy Level
10.10.34 27th Energy Level
10.10.36 28th Energy Level
10.10.38 29th Energy Level
10.10.39 30th Energy Level
10.11 Electrochemical Equivalent
NA0.75 g/amp-hr
0.16812
8.3209
10.12 Electron Work Function
10.13 Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity
Chemical Stability, Flammability, Ionization, Solubility
11 Atomic
11.1 Atomic Number
11.3 Electron Configuration
[Rn] 5f14 6d10 7s2
[Ar] 4s2
11.4 Crystal Structure
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)
11.4.1 Crystal Lattice
11.5 Atom
11.5.1 Number of Protons
11.6.1 Number of Neutrons
12.1.1 Number of Electrons
12.5 Radius of an Atom
12.5.1 Atomic Radius
147.00 pm197.00 pm
112
265
12.5.2 Covalent Radius
122.00 pm176.00 pm
96
260
12.5.4 Van der Waals Radius
12.6 Atomic Weight
285.00 amu40.08 amu
6.94
294
12.7 Atomic Volume
NA29.90 cm3/mol
1.39
71.07
12.9 Adjacent Atomic Numbers
12.9.1 Previous Element
12.9.2 Next Element
12.10 Valence Electron Potential
12.11 Lattice Constant
NA558.84 pm
228.58
891.25
12.13 Lattice Angles
12.14 Lattice C/A Ratio
13 Mechanical
13.1 Density
13.1.1 Density At Room Temperature
23.70 g/cm31.55 g/cm3
0.534
40.7
13.2.1 Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
13.5 Tensile Strength
13.7 Viscosity
13.10 Vapor Pressure
13.10.1 Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
NA25.50 (Pa)
2.47E-11
121
14.1.2 Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
14.2 Elasticity properties
14.2.1 Shear Modulus
14.5.2 Bulk Modulus
14.6.2 Young's Modulus
14.7 Poisson Ratio
14.9 Other Mechanical Properties
15 Magnetic
15.1 Magnetic Characteristics
15.1.1 Specific Gravity
16.1.4 Magnetic Ordering
16.1.5 Permeability
16.2.3 Susceptibility
16.3 Electrical Properties
16.3.1 Electrical Property
16.3.2 Resistivity
17.1.1 Electrical Conductivity
NA0.30 106/cm Ω
0.00666
0.63
17.3.1 Electron Affinity
18 Thermal
18.1 Specific Heat
18.3 Molar Heat Capacity
NA25.93 J/mol·K
16.443
62.7
18.4 Thermal Conductivity
18.6 Critical Temperature
18.7 Thermal Expansion
18.8 Enthalpy
18.8.1 Enthalpy of Vaporization
NA150.00 kJ/mol
7.32
799.1
18.8.2 Enthalpy of Fusion
18.8.3 Enthalpy of Atomization
18.9 Standard Molar Entropy
NA41.60 J/mol.K
9.5
198.1