Copernicium

Gold

Copernicium vs Gold

Copernicium

Gold

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1 Periodic Table

1.1 Symbol

1.2 Group Number

1211

0 17

1.3 Period Number

2 7

1.4 Block

d block

1.5 Element Family

Transition Metal

1.6 CAS Number

540842637440575

7429905 54386242

1.7 Space Group Name

Not Available

Fm_ 3m

1.8 Space Group Number

NA225.00

11 229

2 Facts

2.1 Interesting Facts

Not Available

It is found in copper ores and from the crust of the earth.

It is the most malleable and ductile metal.

Gold alloys are used in Dentistry as fillings, crowning, clips, etc. It is also used as an artificial limb joints.

2.2 Sources

Synthetically Produced

Earth's crust, Mining, Ores of metals

2.3 History

2.3.1 Who Discovered

Gesellschaft für Schwerionenforschung

Unknown

2.3.2 Discovery

In 1996

Before 6000 BCE

2.4 Abundance

2.4.1 Abundance In Universe

NA6 * 10^-8 %

5E-09 0.11

2.4.2 Abundance In Sun

~-9999 %~0.0000001 %

1E-08 0.1

2.4.3 Abundance In Meteorites

NA0.00 %

1.7E-07 22

2.4.4 Abundance In Earth's Crust

NA0.00 %

9.9E-12 8.1

2.4.5 Abundance In Oceans

NA0.00 %

2E-23 1.1

2.4.6 Abundance In Humans

NA0.00 %

1E-13 1.4

3 Uses

3.1 Uses & Benefits

Currently known uses of Copernicium metal are limited to research purpose only.

Gold metal is mainly used for Jewelry, bullion, coinage, etc.
It is used in the art, decoration, ornaments, etc. It is also used for electroplating process.

3.1.1 Industrial Uses

Chemical Industry, Clothing Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry

3.1.2 Medical Uses

Dentistry, Pharmaceutical Industry

3.1.3 Other Uses

Research Purposes

Alloys, Bullion, Coinage, Jewellery, Sculptures, Statues

3.2 Biological Properties

3.2.1 Toxicity

Unknown

Non Toxic

3.2.2 Present in Human Body

✔ ✘

3.2.3 In Blood

NA0.00 Blood/mg dm-3

0 1970

3.2.4 In Bone

NA0.02 p.p.m.

0 170000

4 Physical

4.1 Melting Point

NA1,064.43 °C

27 3410

4.2 Boiling Point

NA2,807.00 °C

147 5660

4.3 Appearance

4.3.1 Physical State

Solid

4.3.2 Color

Unknown

Gold

4.3.3 Luster

Unknown Luster

Metallic

4.4 Hardness

4.4.1 Mohs Hardness

NA2.50

0.2 8.5

4.4.2 Brinell Hardness

NA194.00 MPa

0.14 3490

4.4.3 Vickers Hardness

NA216.00 MPa

121 3430

4.5 Speed of Sound

NA2,030.00 m/s

818 16200

4.6 Optical Properties

4.6.1 Refractive Index

NANA

1.000933 1.7229

4.6.2 Reflectivity

NA95.00 %

58 97

4.7 Allotropes

✔ ✘

4.7.1 α Allotropes

Not Available

4.7.2 β Allotropes

Not Available

4.7.3 γ Allotropes

Not Available

5 Chemical

5.1 Chemical Formula

5.2 Isotopes

5.2.1 Known Isotopes

136

0 38

5.3 Electronegativity

5.3.1 Pauling Electronegativity

NA2.54

0.7 2.54

5.3.2 Sanderson Electronegativity

NANA

0.22 2.56

5.3.3 Allred Rochow Electronegativity

NA1.42

0.86 1.82

5.3.4 Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity

NA1.87

0.62 2.48

5.3.5 Allen Electronegativity

NA1.92

0.659 2.7

5.4 Electropositivity

5.4.1 Pauling Electropositivity

NA1.46

1.46 3.3

5.5 Ionization Energies

5.5.1 1st Energy Level

1,154.90 kJ/mol890.10 kJ/mol

375.7 26130

5.5.2 2nd Energy Level

2,170.00 kJ/mol1,980.00 kJ/mol

710.2162 28750

5.5.3 3rd Energy Level

4,245.40 kJ/molNA

1600 34230

5.5.4 4th Energy Level

5,499.70 kJ/molNA

2780 37066

5.5.5 5th Energy Level

NANA

4305.2 97510

5.5.6 6th Energy Level

NANA

5715.8 105800

5.5.7 7th Energy level

NANA

7226.8 114300

5.5.8 8th Energy Level

NANA

8857.4 125300

5.5.9 9th Energy Level

NANA

14110 134700

5.5.10 10th Energy Level

NANA

17100 144300

5.5.11 11th Energy Level

NANA

19900 169988

5.5.12 12th Energy Level

NANA

22219 189368

5.5.13 13th Energy Level

NANA

26930 76015

5.5.14 14th Energy Level

NANA

29196 86450

5.5.15 15th Energy Level

NANA

41987 97510

5.5.16 16th Energy Level

NANA

47206 109480

5.5.17 17th Energy Level

NANA

52737 122200

5.5.18 18th Energy Level

NANA

58570 134810

5.5.19 19th Energy Level

NANA

64702 148700

5.5.20 20th Energy Level

NANA

80400 171200

5.5.21 21st Energy Level

NANA

87000 179100

5.5.22 22nd Energy Level

NANA

93400 184900

5.5.23 23rd Energy Level

NANA

98420 198800

5.5.24 24th Energy Level

NANA

104400 195200

5.5.25 25th Energy Level

NANA

121900 121900

5.5.26 26th Energy Level

NANA

127700 127700

5.5.27 27th Energy Level

NANA

133800 133800

5.5.28 28th Energy Level

NANA

139800 139800

5.5.29 29th Energy Level

NANA

148100 148100

5.5.30 30th Energy Level

NANA

154500 154500

5.6 Electrochemical Equivalent

NA2.45 g/amp-hr

0.16812 8.3209

5.7 Electron Work Function

NA5.10 eV

2.14 5.65

5.8 Other Chemical Properties

Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity

Chemical Stability, Ionization, Solubility

6 Atomic

6.1 Atomic Number

11279

3 117

6.2 Electron Configuration

[Rn] 5f¹⁴ 6d¹⁰ 7s²

[Xe] 4f¹⁴ 5d¹⁰ 6s¹

6.3 Crystal Structure

Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)

Face Centered Cubic (FCC)

6.3.1 Crystal Lattice

6.4 Atom

6.4.1 Number of Protons

11279

3 117

6.4.2 Number of Neutrons

NA118

4 184

6.4.3 Number of Electrons

11279

3 117

6.5 Radius of an Atom

6.5.1 Atomic Radius

147.00 pm151.00 pm

112 265

6.5.2 Covalent Radius

122.00 pm144.00 pm

96 260

6.5.3 Van der Waals Radius

NA166.00 pm

139 348

6.6 Atomic Weight

285.00 amu196.97 amu

6.94 294

6.7 Atomic Volume

NA10.20 cm3/mol

1.39 71.07

6.8 Adjacent Atomic Numbers

6.8.1 Previous Element

6.8.2 Next Element

6.9 Valence Electron Potential

NA43.40 (-eV)

8 392.42

6.10 Lattice Constant

NA407.82 pm

228.58 891.25

6.11 Lattice Angles

π/2, π/2, π/2

6.12 Lattice C/A Ratio

NA1.61

1.567 1.886

7 Mechanical

7.1 Density

7.1.1 Density At Room Temperature

23.70 g/cm³19.30 g/cm³

0.534 40.7

7.1.2 Density When Liquid (at m.p.)

NA17.31 g/cm3

0.512 20

7.2 Tensile Strength

NA120.00 MPa

2.5 11000

7.3 Viscosity

NANA

0.001526 0.001526

7.4 Vapor Pressure

7.4.1 Vapor Pressure at 1000 K

NA0.00 (Pa)

2.47E-11 121

7.4.2 Vapor Pressure at 2000 K

NA67.00 (Pa)

2.62E-10 774

7.5 Elasticity properties

7.5.1 Shear Modulus

NA27.00 GPa

1.3 222

7.5.2 Bulk Modulus

NA180.00 GPa

1.6 462

7.5.3 Young's Modulus

NA79.00 GPa

1.7 528

7.6 Poisson Ratio

NA0.40

0.032 0.47

7.7 Other Mechanical Properties

Unknown

Ductile, Malleable

8 Magnetic

8.1 Magnetic Characteristics

8.1.1 Specific Gravity

NA19.32

0.53 4500

8.1.2 Magnetic Ordering

Unknown

Diamagnetic

8.1.3 Permeability

NANA

1.25643E-06 0.0063

8.1.4 Susceptibility

NANA

-0.000166 200000

8.2 Electrical Properties

8.2.1 Electrical Property

Unknown

Conductor

8.2.2 Resistivity

NA2.20 nΩ·m

0.18 961

8.2.3 Electrical Conductivity

NA0.45 10⁶/cm Ω

0.00666 0.63

8.2.4 Electron Affinity

NA222.80 kJ/mol

0 222.8

9 Thermal

9.1 Specific Heat

NA0.13 J/(kg K)

0.11 3.6

9.2 Molar Heat Capacity

NA25.42 J/mol·K

16.443 62.7

9.3 Thermal Conductivity

NA318.00 W/m·K

6.3 429

9.4 Critical Temperature

NANA

26.3 3223

9.5 Thermal Expansion

NA14.20 µm/(m·K)

4.5 97

9.6 Enthalpy

9.6.1 Enthalpy of Vaporization

NA324.40 kJ/mol

7.32 799.1

9.6.2 Enthalpy of Fusion

NA12.55 kJ/mol

2.1 35.23

9.6.3 Enthalpy of Atomization

NA364.00 kJ/mol

61.5 837

9.7 Standard Molar Entropy

NA47.40 J/mol.K

9.5 198.1

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