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Curium vs Vanadium

Curium
Vanadium
Vanadium vs Curium


Periodic Table
Symbol
Cm  
V  
Group Number
3  
15
5  
13
Period Number
7  
4  
Block
f block  
d block  
Element Family
Actinide  
Transition Metal  
CAS Number
7440519  
36
7440622  
27
Space Group Name
-  
Im_ 3m  
Space Group Number
225.00  
3
229.00  
2
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Curium metal does not occur free in nature.
  • Curium metal is a synthetically produced metal.
  
  • Vanadium is a highly reactive metal, hence it is not found free in nature.
  • Vanadium can be found in almost 65 different types of minerals.
  
Sources
Bombarding Plutonium with Helium Ions  
Found As a By-product, Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals  
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Glenn T. Seaborg, Ralph A. James, Albert Ghiorso  
Andrés Manuel del Río  
Discovery
In 1944  
In 1801  
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
0.00 %  
35
0.00 %  
11
Abundance In Sun
0.00 %  
30
0.00 %  
13
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %  
99+
0.01 %  
14
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %  
99+
0.02 %  
12
Abundance In Oceans
-  
0.00 %  
14
Abundance In Humans
0.00 %  
24
0.00 %  
19
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Curium metal is used to provide power to electrical equipment for space missions.
  
  • Its ally with steel is used very tough and hence it is used in armor plates, axles, piston rods, tools and crankshafts.
  • Its oxide is used as pigments for glass and ceramics.
  
Industrial Uses
-  
Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry  
Medical Uses
-  
-  
Other Uses
Research Purposes  
Alloys  
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
-  
Toxic  
Present in Human Body
No  
Yes  
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
40
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
39
In Bone
0.00 p.p.m.  
99+
0.00 p.p.m.  
36
Physical
Melting Point
1,340.00 °C  
34
1,890.00 °C  
13
Boiling Point
3,110.00 °C  
31
3,380.00 °C  
21
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid  
Solid  
Color
Silver  
Blue-Silver Grey  
Luster
Metallic  
Metallic  
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
2.00  
17
6.70  
4
Brinell Hardness
320.00 MPa  
40
600.00 MPa  
24
Vickers Hardness
461.00 MPa  
37
628.00 MPa  
25
Speed of Sound
2,260.00 m/s  
99+
4,560.00 m/s  
22
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
1.30  
99+
2.05  
13
Reflectivity
60.00 %  
23
61.00 %  
22
Allotropes
No  
No  
α Allotropes
-  
-  
β Allotropes
-  
-  
γ Allotropes
-  
-  
Chemical
Chemical Formula
Cm  
V  
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
15  
24
22  
17
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
1.30  
33
1.63  
21
Sanderson Electronegativity
1.30  
25
1.39  
21
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.20  
28
1.45  
17
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
1.30  
33
1.63  
21
Allen Electronegativity
1.30  
40
1.53  
29
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.70  
22
2.37  
34
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
581.00 kJ/mol  
99+
650.90 kJ/mol  
99+
2nd Energy Level
1,196.00 kJ/mol  
99+
1,414.00 kJ/mol  
99+
3rd Energy Level
2,026.00 kJ/mol  
99+
2,830.00 kJ/mol  
36
4th Energy Level
3,550.00 kJ/mol  
99+
4,507.00 kJ/mol  
35
5th Energy Level
5,810.00 kJ/mol  
99+
6,298.70 kJ/mol  
38
6th Energy Level
5,810.00 kJ/mol  
99+
12,363.00 kJ/mol  
6
7th Energy level
5,810.00 kJ/mol  
99+
14,530.00 kJ/mol  
5
8th Energy Level
5,810.00 kJ/mol  
99+
16,730.00 kJ/mol  
7
9th Energy Level
6,690.00 kJ/mol  
37
19,860.00 kJ/mol  
7
10th Energy Level
5,810.00 kJ/mol  
99+
22,240.00 kJ/mol  
12
11th Energy Level
5,810.00 kJ/mol  
99+
24,670.00 kJ/mol  
15
12th Energy Level
58,100.00 kJ/mol  
19
29,730.00 kJ/mol  
34
13th Energy Level
5,810.00 kJ/mol  
99+
32,446.00 kJ/mol  
12
14th Energy Level
5,810.00 kJ/mol  
40
86,450.00 kJ/mol  
1
15th Energy Level
58,100.00 kJ/mol  
99+
94,170.00 kJ/mol  
3
16th Energy Level
58,100.00 kJ/mol  
99+
102,300.00 kJ/mol  
3
17th Energy Level
581.00 kJ/mol  
99+
112,700.00 kJ/mol  
4
18th Energy Level
5,810.00 kJ/mol  
99+
121,600.00 kJ/mol  
5
19th Energy Level
581.00 kJ/mol  
99+
130,700.00 kJ/mol  
6
20th Energy Level
581.00 kJ/mol  
99+
143,400.00 kJ/mol  
8
21st Energy Level
5,810.00 kJ/mol  
20
151,440.00 kJ/mol  
8
22nd Energy Level
581.00 kJ/mol  
99+
650.00 kJ/mol  
32
23rd Energy Level
5,810.00 kJ/mol  
20
650.90 kJ/mol  
99+
24th Energy Level
581.00 kJ/mol  
99+
650.90 kJ/mol  
34
25th Energy Level
581.00 kJ/mol  
99+
650.90 kJ/mol  
36
26th Energy Level
581.00 kJ/mol  
99+
650.90 kJ/mol  
35
27th Energy Level
581.00 kJ/mol  
99+
650.90 kJ/mol  
36
28th Energy Level
581.00 kJ/mol  
99+
650.90 kJ/mol  
99+
29th Energy Level
581.00 kJ/mol  
99+
650.90 kJ/mol  
99+
30th Energy Level
581.00 kJ/mol  
99+
650.90 kJ/mol  
38
Electrochemical Equivalent
3.07 g/amp-hr  
19
0.38 g/amp-hr  
99+
Electron Work Function
4.50 eV  
19
4.30 eV  
25
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes  
Anti Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes  
Atomic
Atomic Number
96  
22
23  
99+
Electron Configuration
[Rn] 5f7 6d1 7s2  
[Ar] 3d3 4s2  
Crystal Structure
Double Hexagonal Close Packed (DHCP)  
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)  
Crystal Lattice
DHCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Curium.jpg#100  
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100  
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
96  
22
23  
99+
Number of Neutrons
151  
11
28  
99+
Number of Electrons
96  
22
23  
99+
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
174.00 pm  
22
134.00 pm  
99+
Covalent Radius
169.00 pm  
28
153.00 pm  
35
Van der Waals Radius
200.00 pm  
35
200.00 pm  
35
Atomic Weight
247.00 amu  
18
50.94 amu  
99+
Atomic Volume
18.28 cm3/mol  
38
8.78 cm3/mol  
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Americium
  
Titanium
  
Next Element
Berkelium
  
Chromium
  
Valence Electron Potential
44.50 (-eV)  
39
120.00 (-eV)  
6
Lattice Constant
336.25 pm  
99+
303.00 pm  
99+
Lattice Angles
-  
π/2, π/2, π/2  
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.67  
11
1.70  
9
Mechanical
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
13.51 g/cm3  
26
6.00 g/cm3  
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
13.85 g/cm3  
25
5.50 g/cm3  
99+
Tensile Strength
350.00 MPa  
12
800.00 MPa  
6
Viscosity
0.00  
25
0.00  
11
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
22
0.00 (Pa)  
37
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
24
0.23 (Pa)  
16
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
32.00 GPa  
24
47.00 GPa  
16
Bulk Modulus
40.00 GPa  
38
160.00 GPa  
11
Young's Modulus
0.00 GPa  
99+
128.00 GPa  
17
Poisson Ratio
0.35  
9
0.37  
7
Other Mechanical Properties
-  
Ductile, Malleable  
Magnetic
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
13.51  
28
5.96  
99+
Magnetic Ordering
Antiferromagnetic  
Paramagnetic  
Permeability
0.00 H/m  
17
0.00 H/m  
15
Susceptibility
0.00  
24
0.00  
8
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
-  
Superconductor  
Resistivity
1.25 nΩ·m  
99+
197.00 nΩ·m  
19
Electrical Conductivity
0.13 106/cm Ω  
19
0.05 106/cm Ω  
40
Electron Affinity
0.00 kJ/mol  
99+
50.60 kJ/mol  
25
Thermal
Specific Heat
0.10 J/(kg K)  
99+
0.49 J/(kg K)  
10
Molar Heat Capacity
27.50 J/mol·K  
21
24.89 J/mol·K  
99+
Thermal Conductivity
11.00 W/m·K  
99+
30.70 W/m·K  
40
Critical Temperature
1,340.00 K  
99+
2,183.00 K  
15
Thermal Expansion
11.60 µm/(m·K)  
99+
8.40 µm/(m·K)  
99+
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
331.60 kJ/mol  
40
458.60 kJ/mol  
19
Enthalpy of Fusion
15.00 kJ/mol  
22
17.57 kJ/mol  
14
Enthalpy of Atomization
-  
514.60 kJ/mol  
17
Standard Molar Entropy
52.50 J/mol.K  
36
28.90 J/mol.K  
99+
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