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Darmstadtium vs Chromium

Darmstadtium
Chromium
Chromium vs Darmstadtium


Periodic Table
Symbol
Ds  
Cr  
Group Number
10  
8
6  
12
Period Number
7  
4  
Block
d block  
d block  
Element Family
Probably Transition  
Transition Metal  
CAS Number
54083771  
8
7440473  
39
Space Group Name
-  
Im_ 3m  
Space Group Number
166.00  
9
229.00  
2
Facts
Interesting Facts
Darmstadtium is a synthetic element that is highly radioactive.  
  • Chromium is highly reactive, hence it is not found free in nature.
  • Ores of Chromites mineral are the major source of Chromium metal.
  • Almost 90% leather tanning is done with the help of chromium.
  
Sources
Synthetically Produced  
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of metals, Ores of Minerals  
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Gesellschaft für Schwerionenforschung  
Louis Nicolas Vauquelin  
Discovery
In 1994  
In Between 1797 - 1798  
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
0.00 %  
40
0.00 %  
8
Abundance In Sun
-  
0.00 %  
7
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %  
99+
0.30 %  
7
Abundance In Earth's Crust
-  
0.01 %  
13
Abundance In Oceans
-  
0.00 %  
16
Abundance In Humans
-  
0.00 %  
19
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Currently known uses of Darmstadtium metal are limited to research purpose only. As only few atoms of this metal are produced.
  
  • It is used to harden the steel and produces a stainless steel and other various alloys.
  • It is also used to give proper finish to polished mirrors. Its chromium plates are used in bathroom fittings.
  
Industrial Uses
-  
Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry  
Medical Uses
-  
-  
Other Uses
Research Purposes  
Alloys  
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
-  
Highly Toxic  
Present in Human Body
No  
Yes  
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
40
0.11 Blood/mg dm-3  
12
In Bone
0.00 p.p.m.  
99+
0.33 p.p.m.  
25
Physical
Melting Point
-  
1,857.00 °C  
14
Boiling Point
0.00 °C  
99+
2,672.00 °C  
99+
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid  
Solid  
Color
-  
Silver  
Luster
Unknown Luster  
Metallic  
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
6.00  
6
8.50  
1
Brinell Hardness
350.00 MPa  
36
687.00 MPa  
18
Vickers Hardness
500.00 MPa  
35
1,060.00 MPa  
17
Speed of Sound
5,090.00 m/s  
13
5,940.00 m/s  
8
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
1.30  
99+
2.97  
2
Reflectivity
50.00 %  
31
70.00 %  
13
Allotropes
No  
No  
α Allotropes
-  
-  
β Allotropes
-  
-  
γ Allotropes
-  
-  
Chemical
Chemical Formula
Ds  
Cr  
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
9  
29
21  
18
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
1.10  
99+
1.66  
19
Sanderson Electronegativity
1.30  
25
1.66  
17
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.10  
31
1.56  
11
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
1.10  
99+
1.66  
19
Allen Electronegativity
1.10  
99+
1.65  
22
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.20  
39
2.34  
36
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
955.20 kJ/mol  
5
26,130.00 kJ/mol  
1
2nd Energy Level
1,891.10 kJ/mol  
16
28,750.00 kJ/mol  
1
3rd Energy Level
3,029.60 kJ/mol  
25
34,230.00 kJ/mol  
1
4th Energy Level
3,955.90 kJ/mol  
99+
37,066.00 kJ/mol  
1
5th Energy Level
5,113.70 kJ/mol  
99+
97,510.00 kJ/mol  
1
6th Energy Level
10,700.00 kJ/mol  
12
105,800.00 kJ/mol  
1
7th Energy level
3,540.00 kJ/mol  
99+
114,300.00 kJ/mol  
1
8th Energy Level
6,630.00 kJ/mol  
40
125,300.00 kJ/mol  
1
9th Energy Level
7,180.00 kJ/mol  
29
134,700.00 kJ/mol  
1
10th Energy Level
10,700.00 kJ/mol  
20
144,300.00 kJ/mol  
1
11th Energy Level
3,540.00 kJ/mol  
99+
26,130.00 kJ/mol  
12
12th Energy Level
34,800.00 kJ/mol  
28
28,750.00 kJ/mol  
36
13th Energy Level
5,280.00 kJ/mol  
99+
34,230.00 kJ/mol  
10
14th Energy Level
1,130.00 kJ/mol  
99+
37,066.00 kJ/mol  
12
15th Energy Level
34,400.00 kJ/mol  
99+
97,510.00 kJ/mol  
2
16th Energy Level
34,800.00 kJ/mol  
99+
105,800.00 kJ/mol  
2
17th Energy Level
1,139.00 kJ/mol  
18
114,300.00 kJ/mol  
3
18th Energy Level
1,080.00 kJ/mol  
99+
125,300.00 kJ/mol  
4
19th Energy Level
1,139.90 kJ/mol  
15
134,700.00 kJ/mol  
5
20th Energy Level
0.00 kJ/mol  
99+
144,300.00 kJ/mol  
7
21st Energy Level
1,080.00 kJ/mol  
32
157,700.00 kJ/mol  
7
22nd Energy Level
350.00 kJ/mol  
99+
166,090.00 kJ/mol  
6
23rd Energy Level
1,100.00 kJ/mol  
35
653.80 kJ/mol  
99+
24th Energy Level
565.80 kJ/mol  
99+
653.80 kJ/mol  
32
25th Energy Level
0.00 kJ/mol  
99+
653.80 kJ/mol  
34
26th Energy Level
582.30 kJ/mol  
99+
653.80 kJ/mol  
33
27th Energy Level
0.00 kJ/mol  
99+
652.90 kJ/mol  
34
28th Energy Level
1,130.00 kJ/mol  
4
653.80 kJ/mol  
39
29th Energy Level
1,130.00 kJ/mol  
4
653.80 kJ/mol  
40
30th Energy Level
663.20 kJ/mol  
33
653.80 kJ/mol  
36
Electrochemical Equivalent
3.00 g/amp-hr  
21
0.32 g/amp-hr  
99+
Electron Work Function
4.90 eV  
12
4.50 eV  
19
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity  
Anti Corrosion, Chemical Stability, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility  
Atomic
Atomic Number
110  
8
24  
99+
Electron Configuration
[Rn] 5f14 6d8 7s2  
[Ar] 3d5 4s1  
Crystal Structure
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)  
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)  
Crystal Lattice
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100  
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100  
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
110  
8
24  
99+
Number of Neutrons
161  
4
28  
99+
Number of Electrons
110  
8
24  
99+
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
132.00 pm  
99+
128.00 pm  
99+
Covalent Radius
128.00 pm  
99+
139.00 pm  
99+
Van der Waals Radius
0.00 pm  
99+
200.00 pm  
35
Atomic Weight
281.00 amu  
6
52.00 amu  
99+
Atomic Volume
20.50 cm3/mol  
29
7.23 cm3/mol  
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Meitnerium
  
Vanadium
  
Next Element
Roentgenium
  
Manganese
  
Valence Electron Potential
0.00 (-eV)  
99+
170.00 (-eV)  
4
Lattice Constant
0.00 pm  
99+
291.00 pm  
99+
Lattice Angles
-  
π/2, π/2, π/2  
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.61  
19
1.86  
4
Mechanical
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
35.00 g/cm3  
4
7.19 g/cm3  
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
34.80 g/cm3  
5
6.30 g/cm3  
99+
Tensile Strength
0.10 MPa  
99+
689.00 MPa  
7
Viscosity
0.00  
25
0.00  
23
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
37
0.00 (Pa)  
26
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
37
774.00 (Pa)  
1
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
33.00 GPa  
23
115.00 GPa  
9
Bulk Modulus
38.00 GPa  
99+
160.00 GPa  
11
Young's Modulus
0.00 GPa  
99+
279.00 GPa  
8
Poisson Ratio
0.25  
24
0.21  
33
Other Mechanical Properties
-  
-  
Magnetic
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
34.80  
7
7.19  
99+
Magnetic Ordering
-  
Antiferromagnetic  
Permeability
0.00 H/m  
17
0.00 H/m  
17
Susceptibility
0.00  
24
0.00  
10
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
-  
-  
Resistivity
8.30 nΩ·m  
99+
125.00 nΩ·m  
27
Electrical Conductivity
0.00 106/cm Ω  
99+
0.08 106/cm Ω  
30
Electron Affinity
-  
64.30 kJ/mol  
17
Thermal
Specific Heat
0.10 J/(kg K)  
99+
0.45 J/(kg K)  
12
Molar Heat Capacity
27.30 J/mol·K  
23
23.35 J/mol·K  
99+
Thermal Conductivity
0.00 W/m·K  
99+
93.90 W/m·K  
17
Critical Temperature
1,323.00 K  
99+
1,907.00 K  
24
Thermal Expansion
12.90 µm/(m·K)  
38
4.90 µm/(m·K)  
99+
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
348.90 kJ/mol  
34
348.80 kJ/mol  
35
Enthalpy of Fusion
-  
15.31 kJ/mol  
20
Enthalpy of Atomization
-  
397.50 kJ/mol  
27
Standard Molar Entropy
57.00 J/mol.K  
30
23.80 J/mol.K  
99+
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