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Darmstadtium vs Plutonium

Darmstadtium
Plutonium
Plutonium vs Darmstadtium


Periodic Table
Symbol
Ds  
Pu  
Group Number
10  
8
0  
18
Period Number
7  
7  
Block
d block  
f block  
Element Family
Probably Transition  
Actinide  
CAS Number
54083771  
8
7440075  
99+
Space Group Name
-  
P121/m1  
Space Group Number
166.00  
9
11.00  
16
Facts
Interesting Facts
Darmstadtium is a synthetic element that is highly radioactive.  
  • Plutonium metal if obtain from ores of uranium metal.
  • Plutonium metal is very sensitive to the change in atmospheric conditions like temperature and pressure.
  
Sources
Synthetically Produced  
Mining, Ores of metals  
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Gesellschaft für Schwerionenforschung  
Glenn T. Seaborg, Arthur Wahl, Joseph W. Kennedy, Edwin McMillan  
Discovery
In 1994  
In Between 1940 1941  
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
0.00 %  
40
0.00 %  
40
Abundance In Sun
-  
0.00 %  
21
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %  
99+
-  
Abundance In Earth's Crust
-  
0.00 %  
99+
Abundance In Oceans
-  
-  
Abundance In Humans
-  
0.00 %  
24
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Currently known uses of Darmstadtium metal are limited to research purpose only. As only few atoms of this metal are produced.
  
  • Plutonium was used in atomic bombs and still it is being used in various weapons and Ammunition industry.
  • It is also used in nuclear power plant as source of energy for space missions.
  
Industrial Uses
-  
Aerospace Industry, Ammunition Industry  
Medical Uses
-  
-  
Other Uses
Research Purposes  
Alloys  
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
-  
Toxic  
Present in Human Body
No  
No  
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
40
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
40
In Bone
0.00 p.p.m.  
99+
0.00 p.p.m.  
99+
Physical
Melting Point
-  
639.50 °C  
99+
Boiling Point
0.00 °C  
99+
3,235.00 °C  
25
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid  
Solid  
Color
-  
Silvery White  
Luster
Unknown Luster  
-  
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
6.00  
6
4.00  
11
Brinell Hardness
350.00 MPa  
36
627.00 MPa  
22
Vickers Hardness
500.00 MPa  
35
617.00 MPa  
26
Speed of Sound
5,090.00 m/s  
13
2,260.00 m/s  
99+
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
1.30  
99+
1.90  
18
Reflectivity
50.00 %  
31
68.00 %  
15
Allotropes
No  
No  
α Allotropes
-  
-  
β Allotropes
-  
-  
γ Allotropes
-  
-  
Chemical
Chemical Formula
Ds  
Pu  
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
9  
29
20  
19
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
1.10  
99+
1.28  
34
Sanderson Electronegativity
1.30  
25
1.28  
26
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.10  
31
1.22  
27
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
1.10  
99+
1.30  
33
Allen Electronegativity
1.10  
99+
1.28  
99+
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.20  
39
2.72  
21
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
955.20 kJ/mol  
5
584.70 kJ/mol  
99+
2nd Energy Level
1,891.10 kJ/mol  
16
1,128.00 kJ/mol  
99+
3rd Energy Level
3,029.60 kJ/mol  
25
2,084.00 kJ/mol  
99+
4th Energy Level
3,955.90 kJ/mol  
99+
3,338.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5th Energy Level
5,113.70 kJ/mol  
99+
5,847.00 kJ/mol  
99+
6th Energy Level
10,700.00 kJ/mol  
12
5,847.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7th Energy level
3,540.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5,840.00 kJ/mol  
99+
8th Energy Level
6,630.00 kJ/mol  
40
5,840.00 kJ/mol  
99+
9th Energy Level
7,180.00 kJ/mol  
29
5,840.00 kJ/mol  
99+
10th Energy Level
10,700.00 kJ/mol  
20
5,840.00 kJ/mol  
99+
11th Energy Level
3,540.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5,840.00 kJ/mol  
99+
12th Energy Level
34,800.00 kJ/mol  
28
58,400.00 kJ/mol  
18
13th Energy Level
5,280.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5,840.00 kJ/mol  
99+
14th Energy Level
1,130.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5,840.00 kJ/mol  
39
15th Energy Level
34,400.00 kJ/mol  
99+
58,400.00 kJ/mol  
99+
16th Energy Level
34,800.00 kJ/mol  
99+
58,400.00 kJ/mol  
40
17th Energy Level
1,139.00 kJ/mol  
18
584.70 kJ/mol  
99+
18th Energy Level
1,080.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5,840.00 kJ/mol  
99+
19th Energy Level
1,139.90 kJ/mol  
15
584.70 kJ/mol  
99+
20th Energy Level
0.00 kJ/mol  
99+
584.00 kJ/mol  
99+
21st Energy Level
1,080.00 kJ/mol  
32
584.70 kJ/mol  
99+
22nd Energy Level
350.00 kJ/mol  
99+
584.00 kJ/mol  
99+
23rd Energy Level
1,100.00 kJ/mol  
35
584.70 kJ/mol  
99+
24th Energy Level
565.80 kJ/mol  
99+
584.70 kJ/mol  
99+
25th Energy Level
0.00 kJ/mol  
99+
584.70 kJ/mol  
99+
26th Energy Level
582.30 kJ/mol  
99+
584.70 kJ/mol  
99+
27th Energy Level
0.00 kJ/mol  
99+
584.70 kJ/mol  
99+
28th Energy Level
1,130.00 kJ/mol  
4
584.70 kJ/mol  
99+
29th Energy Level
1,130.00 kJ/mol  
4
584.70 kJ/mol  
99+
30th Energy Level
663.20 kJ/mol  
33
584.00 kJ/mol  
99+
Electrochemical Equivalent
3.00 g/amp-hr  
21
2.28 g/amp-hr  
26
Electron Work Function
4.90 eV  
12
3.88 eV  
38
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity  
Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity  
Atomic
Atomic Number
110  
8
94  
24
Electron Configuration
[Rn] 5f14 6d8 7s2  
[Rn] 5f6 7s2  
Crystal Structure
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)  
Monoclinic (MON)  
Crystal Lattice
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100  
MON-Crystal-Structure-of-Plutonium.jpg#100  
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
110  
8
94  
24
Number of Neutrons
161  
4
150  
12
Number of Electrons
110  
8
94  
24
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
132.00 pm  
99+
159.00 pm  
30
Covalent Radius
128.00 pm  
99+
187.00 pm  
20
Van der Waals Radius
0.00 pm  
99+
200.00 pm  
35
Atomic Weight
281.00 amu  
6
244.00 amu  
19
Atomic Volume
20.50 cm3/mol  
29
12.32 cm3/mol  
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Meitnerium
  
Neptunium
  
Next Element
Roentgenium
  
Americium
  
Valence Electron Potential
0.00 (-eV)  
99+
64.90 (-eV)  
21
Lattice Constant
0.00 pm  
99+
618.30 pm  
4
Lattice Angles
-  
-  
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.61  
19
1.74  
6
Mechanical
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
35.00 g/cm3  
4
19.82 g/cm3  
13
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
34.80 g/cm3  
5
16.63 g/cm3  
18
Tensile Strength
0.10 MPa  
99+
40.00 MPa  
99+
Viscosity
0.00  
25
0.00  
25
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
37
0.00 (Pa)  
28
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
37
2.20 (Pa)  
12
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
33.00 GPa  
23
43.00 GPa  
18
Bulk Modulus
38.00 GPa  
99+
100.00 GPa  
16
Young's Modulus
0.00 GPa  
99+
96.00 GPa  
23
Poisson Ratio
0.25  
24
0.21  
33
Other Mechanical Properties
-  
Ductile, Malleable  
Magnetic
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
34.80  
7
19.84  
16
Magnetic Ordering
-  
Paramagnetic  
Permeability
0.00 H/m  
17
0.00 H/m  
16
Susceptibility
0.00  
24
0.00  
21
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
-  
Poor Conductor  
Resistivity
8.30 nΩ·m  
99+
1.46 nΩ·m  
99+
Electrical Conductivity
0.00 106/cm Ω  
99+
0.01 106/cm Ω  
99+
Electron Affinity
-  
0.60 kJ/mol  
99+
Thermal
Specific Heat
0.10 J/(kg K)  
99+
0.13 J/(kg K)  
40
Molar Heat Capacity
27.30 J/mol·K  
23
35.50 J/mol·K  
4
Thermal Conductivity
0.00 W/m·K  
99+
6.74 W/m·K  
99+
Critical Temperature
1,323.00 K  
99+
913.00 K  
99+
Thermal Expansion
12.90 µm/(m·K)  
38
46.70 µm/(m·K)  
6
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
348.90 kJ/mol  
34
344.00 kJ/mol  
36
Enthalpy of Fusion
-  
2.82 kJ/mol  
99+
Enthalpy of Atomization
-  
360.00 kJ/mol  
35
Standard Molar Entropy
57.00 J/mol.K  
30
37.10 J/mol.K  
99+
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