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Dubnium
Dubnium

Rubidium
Rubidium



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Dubnium
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Dubnium vs Rubidium

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1 Periodic Table
1.1 Symbol
Db
Rb
1.2 Group Number
51
Gadolinium
0 17
1.3 Period Number
75
Lithium
2 7
1.4 Block
d block
s block
1.5 Element Family
Transition Metal
Alkali
1.6 CAS Number
538503547440177
Aluminium
7429905 54386242
1.7 Space Group Name
Not Available
Im_ 3m
1.8 Space Group Number
NA229.00
Plutonium
11 229
2 Facts
2.1 Interesting Facts
  • IUPAC allotted a temporary name to Dubnium metal as “ Unnilpentium”.
  • In the production of Dubnium, thermal gradient chromatography is used.
  • Rubidium metal is 16th most common element found in the earth crust.
  • Rubidium metal also found in minerals as well as seawater.
2.2 Sources
Produced by Bombarding Am243 with Ne22, Synthetically Produced
Obtained from Lithium Production.
2.3 History
2.3.1 Who Discovered
Joint Institute for Nuclear Research
Robert Bunsen and Gustav Kirchhoff
2.3.2 Discovery
In 1968
In 1861
2.4 Abundance
2.4.1 Abundance In Universe
NA1 * 10-6 %
Thallium
5E-09 0.11
2.4.2 Abundance In Sun
~-9999 %~0.000003 %
Beryllium
1E-08 0.1
2.4.3 Abundance In Meteorites
NA0.00 %
Gold
1.7E-07 22
2.4.4 Abundance In Earth's Crust
NA0.01 %
Radium
9.9E-12 8.1
2.4.5 Abundance In Oceans
NA0.00 %
Protactinium
2E-23 1.1
2.4.6 Abundance In Humans
NA0.00 %
Radium
1E-13 1.4
3 Uses
3.1 Uses & Benefits
  • Currently known uses of Dubnium metal are limited to research purpose only.
  • Rubidium's main application is in the glass manufacturing.
  • Rubidium can very easily get ionized and hence it is used for ion engines, but it is still less efficient than that of Caesium.
3.1.1 Industrial Uses
NA
NA
3.1.2 Medical Uses
NA
NA
3.1.3 Other Uses
Research Purposes
Alloys, Research Purposes
3.2 Biological Properties
3.2.1 Toxicity
Unknown
Non Toxic
3.2.2 Present in Human Body
3.2.3 In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-32.49 Blood/mg dm-3
Plutonium
0 1970
3.2.4 In Bone
0.00 p.p.m.5.00 p.p.m.
Plutonium
0 170000
4 Physical
4.1 Melting Point
NA38.89 °C
Francium
27 3410
4.2 Boiling Point
NA688.00 °C
Flerovium
147 5660
4.3 Appearance
4.3.1 Physical State
Solid
Solid
4.3.2 Color
Unknown
Grayish White
4.3.3 Luster
Unknown Luster
NA
4.4 Hardness
4.4.1 Mohs Hardness
NA0.30
Cesium
0.2 8.5
4.4.2 Brinell Hardness
NA0.22 MPa
Cesium
0.14 3490
4.4.3 Vickers Hardness
NANA
Palladium
121 3430
4.5 Speed of Sound
NA1,300.00 m/s
Thallium
818 16200
4.6 Optical Properties
4.6.1 Refractive Index
NANA
Mercury
1.000933 1.7229
4.6.2 Reflectivity
NANA
Molybdenum
58 97
4.7 Allotropes
4.7.1 α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
4.7.2 β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
4.7.3 γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
5 Chemical
5.1 Chemical Formula
Db
Rb
5.2 Isotopes
5.2.1 Known Isotopes
1029
Tennessine
0 38
5.3 Electronegativity
5.3.1 Pauling Electronegativity
NA0.82
Francium
0.7 2.54
5.3.2 Sanderson Electronegativity
NA0.31
Cesium
0.22 2.56
5.3.3 Allred Rochow Electronegativity
NA0.89
Cesium
0.86 1.82
5.3.4 Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
NA0.69
Cesium
0.62 2.48
5.3.5 Allen Electronegativity
NA0.71
Cesium
0.659 2.7
5.4 Electropositivity
5.4.1 Pauling Electropositivity
NA3.18
Gold
1.46 3.3
5.5 Ionization Energies
5.5.1 1st Energy Level
664.80 kJ/mol403.00 kJ/mol
Cesium
375.7 26130
5.5.2 2nd Energy Level
1,546.70 kJ/mol2,633.00 kJ/mol
Ruthenium
710.2162 28750
5.5.3 3rd Energy Level
2,378.40 kJ/mol3,860.00 kJ/mol
Osmium
1600 34230
5.5.4 4th Energy Level
3,298.80 kJ/mol5,080.00 kJ/mol
Thorium
2780 37066
5.5.5 5th Energy Level
4,305.20 kJ/mol6,850.00 kJ/mol
Tin
4305.2 97510
5.5.6 6th Energy Level
NA8,140.00 kJ/mol
Seaborgium
5715.8 105800
5.5.7 7th Energy level
NA9,570.00 kJ/mol
Bohrium
7226.8 114300
5.5.8 8th Energy Level
NA13,120.00 kJ/mol
Hassium
8857.4 125300
5.5.9 9th Energy Level
NA14,500.00 kJ/mol
Yttrium
14110 134700
5.5.10 10th Energy Level
NA26,740.00 kJ/mol
Strontium
17100 144300
5.5.11 11th Energy Level
NANA
Yttrium
19900 169988
5.5.12 12th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
22219 189368
5.5.13 13th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
26930 76015
5.5.14 14th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
29196 86450
5.5.15 15th Energy Level
NANA
Manganese
41987 97510
5.5.16 16th Energy Level
NANA
Iron
47206 109480
5.5.17 17th Energy Level
NANA
Cobalt
52737 122200
5.5.18 18th Energy Level
NANA
Nickel
58570 134810
5.5.19 19th Energy Level
NANA
Copper
64702 148700
5.5.20 20th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
80400 171200
5.5.21 21st Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
87000 179100
5.5.22 22nd Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
93400 184900
5.5.23 23rd Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
98420 198800
5.5.24 24th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
104400 195200
5.5.25 25th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
121900 121900
5.5.26 26th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
127700 127700
5.5.27 27th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
133800 133800
5.5.28 28th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
139800 139800
5.5.29 29th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
148100 148100
5.5.30 30th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
154500 154500
5.6 Electrochemical Equivalent
NA3.19 g/amp-hr
Beryllium
0.16812 8.3209
5.7 Electron Work Function
NA2.16 eV
Cesium
2.14 5.65
5.8 Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity
Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity
6 Atomic
6.1 Atomic Number
10537
Lithium
3 117
6.2 Electron Configuration
[Rn] 5f14 6d3 7s2
[Kr] 5s1
6.3 Crystal Structure
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)
6.3.1 Crystal Lattice
6.4 Atom
6.4.1 Number of Protons
10537
Lithium
3 117
6.4.2 Number of Neutrons
15748
Lithium
4 184
6.4.3 Number of Electrons
10537
Lithium
3 117
6.5 Radius of an Atom
6.5.1 Atomic Radius
139.00 pm248.00 pm
Beryllium
112 265
6.5.2 Covalent Radius
149.00 pm220.00 pm
Beryllium
96 260
6.5.3 Van der Waals Radius
NA303.00 pm
Zinc
139 348
6.6 Atomic Weight
268.00 amu85.47 amu
Lithium
6.94 294
6.7 Atomic Volume
NA55.90 cm3/mol
Manganese
1.39 71.07
6.8 Adjacent Atomic Numbers
6.8.1 Previous Element
6.8.2 Next Element
6.9 Valence Electron Potential
NA9.47 (-eV)
Francium
8 392.42
6.10 Lattice Constant
NA558.50 pm
Beryllium
228.58 891.25
6.11 Lattice Angles
NA
π/2, π/2, π/2
6.12 Lattice C/A Ratio
NANA
Beryllium
1.567 1.886
7 Mechanical
7.1 Density
7.1.1 Density At Room Temperature
29.30 g/cm31.53 g/cm3
Lithium
0.534 40.7
7.1.2 Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
NA1.46 g/cm3
Lithium
0.512 20
7.2 Tensile Strength
NANA
Indium
2.5 11000
7.3 Viscosity
NANA
Mercury
0.001526 0.001526
7.4 Vapor Pressure
7.4.1 Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
NANA
Cerium
2.47E-11 121
7.4.2 Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
NANA
Tungsten
2.62E-10 774
7.5 Elasticity properties
7.5.1 Shear Modulus
NANA
Potassium
1.3 222
7.5.2 Bulk Modulus
NA2.50 GPa
Cesium
1.6 462
7.5.3 Young's Modulus
NA2.40 GPa
Cesium
1.7 528
7.6 Poisson Ratio
NANA
Beryllium
0.032 0.47
7.7 Other Mechanical Properties
Unknown
Ductile
8 Magnetic
8.1 Magnetic Characteristics
8.1.1 Specific Gravity
NA1.53
Lithium
0.53 4500
8.1.2 Magnetic Ordering
Unknown
Paramagnetic
8.1.3 Permeability
NANA
Bismuth
1.25643E-06 0.0063
8.1.4 Susceptibility
NANA
Bismuth
-0.000166 200000
8.2 Electrical Properties
8.2.1 Electrical Property
Unknown
Conductor
8.2.2 Resistivity
NA128.00 nΩ·m
Thallium
0.18 961
8.2.3 Electrical Conductivity
NA0.08 106/cm Ω
Plutonium
0.00666 0.63
8.2.4 Electron Affinity
NA46.90 kJ/mol
Mercury
0 222.8
9 Thermal
9.1 Specific Heat
NA0.36 J/(kg K)
Americium
0.11 3.6
9.2 Molar Heat Capacity
NA31.06 J/mol·K
Beryllium
16.443 62.7
9.3 Thermal Conductivity
NA58.20 W/m·K
Neptunium
6.3 429
9.4 Critical Temperature
NA2,093.00 K
Ytterbium
26.3 3223
9.5 Thermal Expansion
NA90.00 µm/(m·K)
Tungsten
4.5 97
9.6 Enthalpy
9.6.1 Enthalpy of Vaporization
NA69.20 kJ/mol
Zinc
7.32 799.1
9.6.2 Enthalpy of Fusion
NA2.19 kJ/mol
Cesium
2.1 35.23
9.6.3 Enthalpy of Atomization
NA82.00 kJ/mol
Mercury
61.5 837
9.7 Standard Molar Entropy
NA76.80 J/mol.K
Beryllium
9.5 198.1