1 Periodic Table
1.1 Symbol
Rb
1.2 Group Number
1.3 Period Number
1.4 Block
s block
1.5 Element Family
Alkali
1.6 CAS Number
7440177
Rank: 62 (Overall) ▶
7429905
54386242
1.7 Space Group Name
Im_ 3m
1.8 Space Group Number
229.00
Rank: 1 (Overall) ▶
11
229
2 Facts
2.1 Interesting Facts
- Rubidium metal is 16th most common element found in the earth crust.
- Rubidium metal also found in minerals as well as seawater.
2.2 Sources
Obtained from Lithium Production.
2.3 History
2.3.1 Who Discovered
Robert Bunsen and Gustav Kirchhoff
2.3.2 Discovery
In 1861
2.4 Abundance
2.4.1 Abundance In Universe
1 * 10-6 %
Rank: 16 (Overall) ▶
5E-09
0.11
2.4.2 Abundance In Sun
~0.000003 %
Rank: 17 (Overall) ▶
1E-08
0.1
2.4.3 Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %
Rank: 19 (Overall) ▶
1.7E-07
22
2.4.4 Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.01 %
Rank: 18 (Overall) ▶
9.9E-12
8.1
2.4.5 Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %
Rank: 7 (Overall) ▶
2E-23
1.1
2.4.6 Abundance In Humans
0.00 %
Rank: 7 (Overall) ▶
1E-13
1.4
3 Uses
3.1 Uses & Benefits
- Rubidium's main application is in the glass manufacturing.
- Rubidium can very easily get ionized and hence it is used for ion engines, but it is still less efficient than that of Caesium.
3.1.1 Industrial Uses
NA
3.1.2 Medical Uses
NA
3.1.3 Other Uses
Alloys, Research Purposes
3.2 Biological Properties
3.2.1 Toxicity
Non Toxic
3.2.2 Present in Human Body
✔
✘
83% - Alkali Metals Metals have it !
▶
3.2.3 In Blood
2.49 Blood/mg dm-3
Rank: 7 (Overall) ▶
0
1970
3.2.4 In Bone
5.00 p.p.m.
Rank: 13 (Overall) ▶
0
170000
4 Physical
4.1 Melting Point
38.89 °C
Rank: 78 (Overall) ▶
27
3410
4.2 Boiling Point
688.00 °C
Rank: 74 (Overall) ▶
147
5660
4.3 Appearance
4.3.1 Physical State
Solid
4.3.2 Color
Grayish White
4.3.3 Luster
NA
4.4 Hardness
4.4.1 Mohs Hardness
0.30
Rank: 24 (Overall) ▶
0.2
8.5
4.4.2 Brinell Hardness
0.22 MPa
Rank: 55 (Overall) ▶
0.14
3490
4.4.3 Vickers Hardness
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall) ▶
121
3430
4.5 Speed of Sound
1,300.00 m/s
Rank: 50 (Overall) ▶
818
16200
4.6 Optical Properties
4.6.1 Refractive Index
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall) ▶
1.000933
1.7229
4.6.2 Reflectivity
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall) ▶
58
97
4.7 Allotropes
✔
✘
No - Alkali Metals Metals has it !
▶
4.7.1 α Allotropes
Not Available
4.7.2 β Allotropes
Not Available
4.7.3 γ Allotropes
Not Available
5 Chemical
5.1 Chemical Formula
Rb
5.2 Isotopes
5.2.1 Known Isotopes
5.3 Electronegativity
5.3.1 Pauling Electronegativity
0.82
Rank: 51 (Overall) ▶
0.7
2.54
5.3.2 Sanderson Electronegativity
0.31
Rank: 32 (Overall) ▶
0.22
2.56
5.3.3 Allred Rochow Electronegativity
0.89
Rank: 40 (Overall) ▶
0.86
1.82
5.3.4 Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
0.69
Rank: 24 (Overall) ▶
0.62
2.48
5.3.5 Allen Electronegativity
0.71
Rank: 46 (Overall) ▶
0.659
2.7
5.4 Electropositivity
5.4.1 Pauling Electropositivity
5.5 Ionization Energies
5.5.1 1st Energy Level
403.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 88 (Overall) ▶
375.7
26130
5.5.2 2nd Energy Level
2,633.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 6 (Overall) ▶
710.2162
28750
5.5.3 3rd Energy Level
3,860.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 11 (Overall) ▶
1600
34230
5.5.4 4th Energy Level
5,080.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 18 (Overall) ▶
2780
37066
5.5.5 5th Energy Level
6,850.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 19 (Overall) ▶
4305.2
97510
5.5.6 6th Energy Level
8,140.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 20 (Overall) ▶
5715.8
105800
5.5.7 7th Energy level
9,570.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 20 (Overall) ▶
7226.8
114300
5.5.8 8th Energy Level
13,120.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 17 (Overall) ▶
8857.4
125300
5.5.9 9th Energy Level
14,500.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 18 (Overall) ▶
14110
134700
5.5.10 10th Energy Level
26,740.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 6 (Overall) ▶
17100
144300
5.5.11 11th Energy Level
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall) ▶
19900
169988
5.5.12 12th Energy Level
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall) ▶
22219
189368
5.5.13 13th Energy Level
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall) ▶
26930
76015
5.5.14 14th Energy Level
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall) ▶
29196
86450
5.5.15 15th Energy Level
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall) ▶
41987
97510
5.5.16 16th Energy Level
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall) ▶
47206
109480
5.5.17 17th Energy Level
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall) ▶
52737
122200
5.5.18 18th Energy Level
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall) ▶
58570
134810
5.5.19 19th Energy Level
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall) ▶
64702
148700
5.5.20 20th Energy Level
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall) ▶
80400
171200
5.5.21 21st Energy Level
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall) ▶
87000
179100
5.5.22 22nd Energy Level
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall) ▶
93400
184900
5.5.23 23rd Energy Level
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall) ▶
98420
198800
5.5.24 24th Energy Level
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall) ▶
104400
195200
5.5.25 25th Energy Level
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall) ▶
121900
121900
5.5.26 26th Energy Level
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall) ▶
127700
127700
5.5.27 27th Energy Level
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall) ▶
133800
133800
5.5.28 28th Energy Level
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall) ▶
139800
139800
5.5.29 29th Energy Level
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall) ▶
148100
148100
5.5.30 30th Energy Level
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall) ▶
154500
154500
5.6 Electrochemical Equivalent
3.19 g/amp-hr
Rank: 14 (Overall) ▶
0.16812
8.3209
5.7 Electron Work Function
2.16 eV
Rank: 45 (Overall) ▶
2.14
5.65
5.8 Other Chemical Properties
Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity
6 Atomic
6.1 Atomic Number
6.2 Electron Configuration
[Kr] 5s1
6.3 Crystal Structure
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)
6.3.1 Crystal Lattice
6.4 Atom
6.4.1 Number of Protons
6.4.2 Number of Neutrons
6.4.3 Number of Electrons
6.5 Radius of an Atom
6.5.1 Atomic Radius
248.00 pm
Rank: 2 (Overall) ▶
112
265
6.5.2 Covalent Radius
220.00 pm
Rank: 4 (Overall) ▶
96
260
6.5.3 Van der Waals Radius
303.00 pm
Rank: 3 (Overall) ▶
139
348
6.6 Atomic Weight
85.47 amu
Rank: 69 (Overall) ▶
6.94
294
6.7 Atomic Volume
55.90 cm3/mol
Rank: 2 (Overall) ▶
1.39
71.07
6.8 Adjacent Atomic Numbers
6.8.1 Previous Element
6.8.2 Next Element
6.9 Valence Electron Potential
9.47 (-eV)
Rank: 65 (Overall) ▶
8
392.42
6.10 Lattice Constant
558.50 pm
Rank: 10 (Overall) ▶
228.58
891.25
6.11 Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2
6.12 Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall) ▶
1.567
1.886
7 Mechanical
7.1 Density
7.1.1 Density At Room Temperature
1.53 g/cm3
Rank: 81 (Overall) ▶
0.534
40.7
7.1.2 Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
1.46 g/cm3
Rank: 56 (Overall) ▶
0.512
20
7.2 Tensile Strength
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall) ▶
2.5
11000
7.3 Viscosity
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall) ▶
0.001526
0.001526
7.4 Vapor Pressure
7.4.1 Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall) ▶
2.47E-11
121
7.4.2 Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall) ▶
2.62E-10
774
7.5 Elasticity properties
7.5.1 Shear Modulus
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall) ▶
1.3
222
7.5.2 Bulk Modulus
2.50 GPa
Rank: 49 (Overall) ▶
1.6
462
7.5.3 Young's Modulus
2.40 GPa
Rank: 57 (Overall) ▶
1.7
528
7.6 Poisson Ratio
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall) ▶
0.032
0.47
7.7 Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile
8 Magnetic
8.1 Magnetic Characteristics
8.1.1 Specific Gravity
1.53
Rank: 67 (Overall) ▶
0.53
4500
8.1.2 Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic
8.1.3 Permeability
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall) ▶
1.25643E-06
0.0063
8.1.4 Susceptibility
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall) ▶
-0.000166
200000
8.2 Electrical Properties
8.2.1 Electrical Property
Conductor
8.2.2 Resistivity
128.00 nΩ·m
Rank: 26 (Overall) ▶
0.18
961
8.2.3 Electrical Conductivity
0.08 106/cm Ω
Rank: 24 (Overall) ▶
0.00666
0.63
8.2.4 Electron Affinity
46.90 kJ/mol
Rank: 24 (Overall) ▶
0
222.8
9 Thermal
9.1 Specific Heat
0.36 J/(kg K)
Rank: 17 (Overall) ▶
0.11
3.6
9.2 Molar Heat Capacity
31.06 J/mol·K
Rank: 5 (Overall) ▶
16.443
62.7
9.3 Thermal Conductivity
58.20 W/m·K
Rank: 26 (Overall) ▶
6.3
429
9.4 Critical Temperature
2,093.00 K
Rank: 4 (Overall) ▶
26.3
3223
9.5 Thermal Expansion
90.00 µm/(m·K)
Rank: 2 (Overall) ▶
4.5
97
9.6 Enthalpy
9.6.1 Enthalpy of Vaporization
69.20 kJ/mol
Rank: 56 (Overall) ▶
7.32
799.1
9.6.2 Enthalpy of Fusion
2.19 kJ/mol
Rank: 62 (Overall) ▶
2.1
35.23
9.6.3 Enthalpy of Atomization
82.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 59 (Overall) ▶
61.5
837
9.7 Standard Molar Entropy
76.80 J/mol.K
Rank: 5 (Overall) ▶
9.5
198.1