1 Periodic Table
1.1 Symbol
1.2 Group Number
1.4 Period Number
2.2 Block
2.3 Element Family
2.4 CAS Number
74407357440280
7429905
54386242
2.6 Space Group Name
2.7 Space Group Number
3 Facts
3.1 Interesting Facts
- 223 Francium has the longest half life at 21.8.
- Francium metal is produced by alpha decay in 227Actinium 227.
- Compounds of Thallium metal are highly Toxic.
- Thallium metal is being suspected as a human carcinogen.
3.2 Sources
Formed by Decay Process, Mining
Found As a By-product, Ores of metals, Ores of Minerals
3.3 History
3.3.1 Who Discovered
Marguerite Perey
William Crookes
3.3.2 Discovery
3.4 Abundance
3.4.1 Abundance In Universe
3.4.3 Abundance In Sun
~-9999 %~0.0000001 %
1E-08
0.1
3.5.1 Abundance In Meteorites
4.2.1 Abundance In Earth's Crust
4.2.4 Abundance In Oceans
4.3.4 Abundance In Humans
6 Uses
6.1 Uses & Benefits
- Francium has no known uses as it has a half life of only 22 minutes.
- Thallium is a toxic metal and hence it has limited uses. Thallium metal is mostly used for producing photoelectric cells.
- In thermometer’s mercury alloy has 8% of thallium, as it has a melting point lower than 20°C.
6.1.1 Industrial Uses
6.1.2 Medical Uses
6.1.3 Other Uses
6.2 Biological Properties
6.2.1 Toxicity
6.2.2 Present in Human Body
6.2.3 In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-30.00 Blood/mg dm-3
0
1970
6.2.5 In Bone
0.00 p.p.m.0.00 p.p.m.
0
170000
7 Physical
7.1 Melting Point
27.00 °C303.50 °C
27
3410
7.2 Boiling Point
677.00 °C1,457.00 °C
147
5660
8.2 Appearance
8.2.1 Physical State
8.2.2 Color
8.2.3 Luster
8.3 Hardness
8.3.1 Mohs Hardness
8.4.1 Brinell Hardness
8.7.1 Vickers Hardness
8.8 Speed of Sound
8.10 Optical Properties
8.10.1 Refractive Index
8.11.2 Reflectivity
8.12 Allotropes
8.12.1 α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
8.12.2 β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
8.12.3 γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
9 Chemical
9.1 Chemical Formula
9.2 Isotopes
9.2.1 Known Isotopes
9.4 Electronegativity
9.4.1 Pauling Electronegativity
9.4.4 Sanderson Electronegativity
9.4.8 Allred Rochow Electronegativity
9.4.10 Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
9.5.1 Allen Electronegativity
9.6 Electropositivity
9.6.2 Pauling Electropositivity
9.7 Ionization Energies
9.7.1 1st Energy Level
380.00 kJ/mol589.40 kJ/mol
375.7
26130
9.7.4 2nd Energy Level
NA1,971.00 kJ/mol
710.2162
28750
9.7.7 3rd Energy Level
NA2,878.00 kJ/mol
1600
34230
9.7.10 4th Energy Level
9.7.14 5th Energy Level
9.8.1 6th Energy Level
9.8.2 7th Energy level
9.9.1 8th Energy Level
10.1.1 9th Energy Level
10.1.2 10th Energy Level
10.4.2 11th Energy Level
10.4.4 12th Energy Level
10.4.6 13th Energy Level
10.5.3 14th Energy Level
10.6.1 15th Energy Level
10.7.1 16th Energy Level
10.9.1 17th Energy Level
10.10.1 18th Energy Level
11.1.2 19th Energy Level
11.1.4 20th Energy Level
11.1.5 21st Energy Level
11.2.1 22nd Energy Level
11.2.2 23rd Energy Level
11.3.1 24th Energy Level
11.4.2 25th Energy Level
11.4.4 26th Energy Level
11.4.5 27th Energy Level
11.5.2 28th Energy Level
11.5.3 29th Energy Level
11.5.5 30th Energy Level
11.6 Electrochemical Equivalent
8.32 g/amp-hr7.63 g/amp-hr
0.16812
8.3209
11.7 Electron Work Function
11.9 Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity, Solubility
Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility
12 Atomic
12.1 Atomic Number
13.2 Electron Configuration
[Rn] 7s1
[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p1
13.3 Crystal Structure
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)
13.3.1 Crystal Lattice
13.4 Atom
13.4.1 Number of Protons
13.4.4 Number of Neutrons
13.5.3 Number of Electrons
13.6 Radius of an Atom
13.6.1 Atomic Radius
13.6.2 Covalent Radius
260.00 pm145.00 pm
96
260
13.6.4 Van der Waals Radius
348.00 pm196.00 pm
139
348
13.7 Atomic Weight
223.00 amu204.38 amu
6.94
294
14.2 Atomic Volume
NA17.20 cm3/mol
1.39
71.07
14.4 Adjacent Atomic Numbers
14.4.1 Previous Element
14.4.2 Next Element
14.5 Valence Electron Potential
8.00 (-eV)9.60 (-eV)
8
392.42
14.7 Lattice Constant
NA345.66 pm
228.58
891.25
14.9 Lattice Angles
14.10 Lattice C/A Ratio
15 Mechanical
15.1 Density
15.1.1 Density At Room Temperature
1.87 g/cm311.85 g/cm3
0.534
40.7
15.2.1 Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
15.4 Tensile Strength
15.5 Viscosity
15.6 Vapor Pressure
15.6.1 Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
NA16.90 (Pa)
2.47E-11
121
15.6.2 Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
15.7 Elasticity properties
15.7.1 Shear Modulus
15.7.2 Bulk Modulus
15.7.4 Young's Modulus
15.8 Poisson Ratio
15.9 Other Mechanical Properties
16 Magnetic
16.1 Magnetic Characteristics
16.1.1 Specific Gravity
16.1.2 Magnetic Ordering
16.1.3 Permeability
16.1.4 Susceptibility
16.2 Electrical Properties
16.2.1 Electrical Property
16.2.2 Resistivity
3.00 nΩ·m0.18 nΩ·m
0.18
961
16.2.3 Electrical Conductivity
0.03 106/cm Ω0.06 106/cm Ω
0.00666
0.63
16.2.4 Electron Affinity
17 Thermal
17.1 Specific Heat
17.2 Molar Heat Capacity
NA26.32 J/mol·K
16.443
62.7
17.3 Thermal Conductivity
15.00 W/m·K46.10 W/m·K
6.3
429
17.4 Critical Temperature
17.5 Thermal Expansion
17.6 Enthalpy
17.6.1 Enthalpy of Vaporization
NA162.10 kJ/mol
7.32
799.1
17.6.2 Enthalpy of Fusion
17.6.3 Enthalpy of Atomization
71.00 kJ/mol179.90 kJ/mol
61.5
837
17.7 Standard Molar Entropy
NA64.20 J/mol.K
9.5
198.1