Symbol
Rb
Group Number
1
Rank: 17 (Overall)
0
17
👆🏻
Period Number
5
Rank: 3 (Overall)
2
7
👆🏻
Block
s block
Element Family
Alkali
CAS Number
7440177
Rank: 62 (Overall)
7429905
54386242
👆🏻
Space Group Name
Im_ 3m
Space Group Number
229.00
Rank: 2 (Overall)
11
276
👆🏻
Interesting Facts
- Rubidium metal is 16th most common element found in the earth crust.
- Rubidium metal also found in minerals as well as seawater.
Sources
Obtained from Lithium Production.
History
Who Discovered
Robert Bunsen and Gustav Kirchhoff
Discovery
In 1861
Abundance
Abundance In Universe
0.00 %
Rank: 17 (Overall)
0
0.11
👆🏻
Abundance In Sun
0.00 %
Rank: 17 (Overall)
0
0.1
👆🏻
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %
Rank: 19 (Overall)
0
22
👆🏻
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.01 %
Rank: 18 (Overall)
1E-37
8.1
👆🏻
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %
Rank: 7 (Overall)
0
1.1
👆🏻
Abundance In Humans
0.00 %
Rank: 8 (Overall)
0
1.4
👆🏻
Uses & Benefits
- Rubidium's main application is in the glass manufacturing.
- Rubidium can very easily get ionized and hence it is used for ion engines, but it is still less efficient than that of Caesium.
Industrial Uses
-
Medical Uses
-
Other Uses
Alloys, Research Purposes
Biological Properties
Toxicity
Non Toxic
Present in Human Body
✔
✘
76% - Alkali Metals Metals have it !
In Blood
2.49 Blood/mg dm-3
Rank: 7 (Overall)
0
1970
👆🏻
In Bone
5.00 p.p.m.
Rank: 13 (Overall)
0
170000
👆🏻
Melting Point
38.89 °C
Rank: 78 (Overall)
-38.83
3410
👆🏻
Boiling Point
688.00 °C
Rank: 76 (Overall)
0
5660
👆🏻
Appearance
Physical State
Solid
Color
Grayish White
Luster
-
Hardness
Mohs Hardness
0.30
Rank: 26 (Overall)
0.2
8.5
👆🏻
Brinell Hardness
0.22 MPa
Rank: 70 (Overall)
0.14
3490
👆🏻
Vickers Hardness
0.22 MPa
Rank: 71 (Overall)
0
3920
👆🏻
Speed of Sound
1,300.00 m/s
Rank: 68 (Overall)
818
16200
👆🏻
Optical Properties
Refractive Index
1.54
Rank: 35 (Overall)
0.155
3.41
👆🏻
Reflectivity
52.00 %
Rank: 29 (Overall)
5
97
👆🏻
Allotropes
✔
✘
8% - Alkali Metals Metals
α Allotropes
-
β Allotropes
-
γ Allotropes
-
Chemical Formula
Rb
Isotopes
Known Isotopes
29
Rank: 10 (Overall)
0
38
👆🏻
Electronegativity
Pauling Electronegativity
0.82
Rank: 52 (Overall)
0
2.6
👆🏻
Sanderson Electronegativity
0.31
Rank: 52 (Overall)
0.22
2.56
👆🏻
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
0.89
Rank: 41 (Overall)
0.86
1.9
👆🏻
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
0.69
Rank: 53 (Overall)
0.62
2.48
👆🏻
Allen Electronegativity
0.71
Rank: 65 (Overall)
0.659
2.7
👆🏻
Electropositivity
Pauling Electropositivity
3.18
Rank: 3 (Overall)
1.46
3.3
👆🏻
Ionization Energies
1st Energy Level
403.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 88 (Overall)
375.7
26130
👆🏻
2nd Energy Level
2,633.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 6 (Overall)
392.8
28750
👆🏻
3rd Energy Level
3,860.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 11 (Overall)
392.8
34230
👆🏻
4th Energy Level
5,080.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 28 (Overall)
375.7
37066
👆🏻
5th Energy Level
6,850.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 31 (Overall)
392
97510
👆🏻
6th Energy Level
8,140.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 31 (Overall)
1007
105800
👆🏻
7th Energy level
9,570.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 20 (Overall)
1007
114300
👆🏻
8th Energy Level
13,120.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 17 (Overall)
730
125300
👆🏻
9th Energy Level
14,500.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 18 (Overall)
1007
134700
👆🏻
10th Energy Level
26,740.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 6 (Overall)
392
144300
👆🏻
11th Energy Level
4,030.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 81 (Overall)
392
169988
👆🏻
12th Energy Level
4,030.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 84 (Overall)
0
189368
👆🏻
13th Energy Level
4,030.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 79 (Overall)
1007
76015
👆🏻
14th Energy Level
4,030.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 58 (Overall)
380
86450
👆🏻
15th Energy Level
40,300.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 82 (Overall)
33000
100700
👆🏻
16th Energy Level
40,300.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 65 (Overall)
375.7
109480
👆🏻
17th Energy Level
403.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 90 (Overall)
375.7
122200
👆🏻
18th Energy Level
4,030.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 77 (Overall)
0
134810
👆🏻
19th Energy Level
403.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 90 (Overall)
375.7
148700
👆🏻
20th Energy Level
403.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 80 (Overall)
0
171200
👆🏻
21st Energy Level
403.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 89 (Overall)
375.7
179100
👆🏻
22nd Energy Level
403.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 74 (Overall)
330
184900
👆🏻
23rd Energy Level
403.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 85 (Overall)
357.6
198800
👆🏻
24th Energy Level
403.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 86 (Overall)
297.3
195200
👆🏻
25th Energy Level
403.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 78 (Overall)
0
121900
👆🏻
26th Energy Level
403.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 86 (Overall)
357.6
127700
👆🏻
27th Energy Level
403.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 82 (Overall)
0
133800
👆🏻
28th Energy Level
403.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 85 (Overall)
297.3
139800
👆🏻
29th Energy Level
403.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 87 (Overall)
0
148100
👆🏻
30th Energy Level
403.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 81 (Overall)
0
154500
👆🏻
Electrochemical Equivalent
3.19 g/amp-hr
Rank: 16 (Overall)
0.16812
8.3209
👆🏻
Electron Work Function
2.16 eV
Rank: 57 (Overall)
2.14
6
👆🏻
Other Chemical Properties
Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity
Atomic Number
37
Rank: 75 (Overall)
3
117
👆🏻
Electron Configuration
[Kr] 5s1
Crystal Structure
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)
Crystal Lattice
Atom
Number of Protons
37
Rank: 74 (Overall)
3
117
👆🏻
Number of Neutrons
48
Rank: 57 (Overall)
4
285
👆🏻
Number of Electrons
37
Rank: 74 (Overall)
3
117
👆🏻
Radius of an Atom
Atomic Radius
248.00 pm
Rank: 3 (Overall)
0
348
👆🏻
Covalent Radius
220.00 pm
Rank: 4 (Overall)
0
260
👆🏻
Van der Waals Radius
303.00 pm
Rank: 4 (Overall)
0
348
👆🏻
Atomic Weight
85.47 amu
Rank: 69 (Overall)
6.94
294
👆🏻
Atomic Volume
55.90 cm3/mol
Rank: 3 (Overall)
1.39
71.07
👆🏻
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
Previous Element
Next Element
Valence Electron Potential
9.47 (-eV)
Rank: 69 (Overall)
0
392.42
👆🏻
Lattice Constant
558.50 pm
Rank: 11 (Overall)
0
891.25
👆🏻
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.59
Rank: 28 (Overall)
0.423
1.9
👆🏻
Density
Density At Room Temperature
1.53 g/cm3
Rank: 86 (Overall)
0.534
40.7
👆🏻
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
1.46 g/cm3
Rank: 86 (Overall)
0.512
41
👆🏻
Tensile Strength
30.00 MPa
Rank: 44 (Overall)
0.1
11000
👆🏻
Viscosity
0.00
Rank: 23 (Overall)
1.5E-05
0.0035
👆🏻
Vapor Pressure
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)
Rank: 37 (Overall)
0
121
👆🏻
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.00 (Pa)
Rank: 35 (Overall)
0
774
👆🏻
Elasticity properties
Shear Modulus
2.50 GPa
Rank: 65 (Overall)
1.3
222
👆🏻
Bulk Modulus
2.50 GPa
Rank: 65 (Overall)
0
462
👆🏻
Young's Modulus
2.40 GPa
Rank: 72 (Overall)
0
528
👆🏻
Poisson Ratio
0.37
Rank: 7 (Overall)
0.032
0.47
👆🏻
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile
Magnetic Characteristics
Specific Gravity
1.53
Rank: 83 (Overall)
0.53
4500
👆🏻
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic
Permeability
0.00 H/m
Rank: 11 (Overall)
1.25643E-06
0.0063
👆🏻
Susceptibility
0.00
Rank: 24 (Overall)
-0.000166
200000
👆🏻
Electrical Properties
Electrical Property
Conductor
Resistivity
128.00 nΩ·m
Rank: 26 (Overall)
0.1
961
👆🏻
Electrical Conductivity
0.08 106/cm Ω
Rank: 29 (Overall)
0
0.63
👆🏻
Electron Affinity
46.90 kJ/mol
Rank: 29 (Overall)
0
222.8
👆🏻
Specific Heat
0.36 J/(kg K)
Rank: 17 (Overall)
0.1
3.6
👆🏻
Molar Heat Capacity
31.06 J/mol·K
Rank: 7 (Overall)
13.1
62.7
👆🏻
Thermal Conductivity
58.20 W/m·K
Rank: 26 (Overall)
0
429
👆🏻
Critical Temperature
2,093.00 K
Rank: 18 (Overall)
26.3
3695
👆🏻
Thermal Expansion
90.00 µm/(m·K)
Rank: 2 (Overall)
4.5
97
👆🏻
Enthalpy
Enthalpy of Vaporization
69.20 kJ/mol
Rank: 82 (Overall)
7.32
799.1
👆🏻
Enthalpy of Fusion
2.19 kJ/mol
Rank: 70 (Overall)
2.1
35.23
👆🏻
Enthalpy of Atomization
82.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 71 (Overall)
61.5
837
👆🏻
Standard Molar Entropy
76.80 J/mol.K
Rank: 5 (Overall)
9.5
198.1
👆🏻