Europium Osmium Comparison
Periodic Table
Symbol
Eu
Os
Group Number
Not Available
8
10
Period Number
6
6
Block
f block
d block
Element Family
Lanthanide
Transition Metal
CAS Number
7440531
34
7440042
99+
Space Group Name
Im_ 3m
P63/mmc
Space Group Number
229.00
1
194.00
5
Facts
Interesting Facts
Not Available
- Osmium metal does not oxidize in air unless it is heated.
- But if it heated den it forms Osmium Tetroxide, which is highly toxic.
Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals
Found As a By-product, Found in Minerals, Mining
History
Who Discovered
Eugène-Anatole Demarçay
Smithson Tennant
Discovery
In 1896
In 1803
Abundance
Abundance In Universe
5 * 10-8 %
27
3 * 10-7 %
21
Abundance In Sun
~0.00000005 %
27
~0.0000002 %
25
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %
99+
0.00 %
28
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %
36
0.00 %
99+
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %
99+
Not Available
Uses
Uses & Benefits
- Europium metals main uses is in the printing of euro banknotes. These notes glow red under UV light.
- It is used in low energy light bulbs.
- Its has very limited uses and its alloys are very hard and are used in the manufacturing of pen tips, pivots, needles and electrical contacts.
- It is also used as industrial catalyst to speed up the chemical reaction.
Industrial Uses
Chemical Industry
Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
Medical Uses
NA
NA
Other Uses
Alloys
Alloys
Biological Properties
Toxicity
Non Toxic
Highly Toxic
Present in Human Body
Yes
No
Physical Properties
Melting Point
822.00 °C
99+
3,045.00 °C
3
Boiling Point
1,597.00 °C
99+
5,027.00 °C
6
Appearance
Physical State
Solid
Solid
Color
Silvery White
Silvery Bluish-Gray
Luster
Lustrous
Metallic
Hardness
Mohs Hardness
Not Available
7.00
3
Brinell Hardness
Not Available
3,490.00 MPa
1
Vickers Hardness
167.00 MPa
34
Not Available
Speed of Sound
Not Available
4,940.00 m/s
11
Optical Properties
Allotropes
No
No
α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Eu
Os
Isotopes
Known Isotopes
31
8
35
4
Electronegativity
Pauling Electronegativity
1.20
39
2.20
4
Sanderson Electronegativity
1.01
22
Not Available
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
Not Available
1.52
12
Allen Electronegativity
Not Available
1.65
19
Electropositivity
Pauling Electropositivity
Not Available
1.80
99+
Ionization Energies
1st Energy Level
547.10 kJ/mol
99+
840.00 kJ/mol
12
2nd Energy Level
1,085.00 kJ/mol
99+
1,309.80 kJ/mol
99+
3rd Energy Level
2,404.00 kJ/mol
99+
1,600.00 kJ/mol
99+
4th Energy Level
4,120.00 kJ/mol
33
Not Available
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.89 g/amp-hr
33
1.77 g/amp-hr
38
Electron Work Function
2.50 eV
99+
4.83 eV
8
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility
Chemical Stability, Ionization, Solubility
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
63
99+
76
40
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f7 6s2
[Xe] 4f14 5d6 6s2
Crystal Structure
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)
Crystal Lattice
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100
Atom
Number of Protons
63
99+
76
39
Number of Neutrons
89
38
114
25
Number of Electrons
63
99+
76
39
Radius of an Atom
Atomic Radius
180.00 pm
14
133.80 pm
99+
Covalent Radius
198.00 pm
13
Not Available
Van der Waals Radius
233.00 pm
18
216.00 pm
24
Atomic Weight
151.96 amu
99+
190.23 amu
35
Atomic Volume
28.90 cm3/mol
8
8.49 cm3/mol
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
Valence Electron Potential
45.60 (-eV)
35
91.40 (-eV)
12
Lattice Constant
458.10 pm
17
273.44 pm
99+
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available
1.58
14
Mechanical Properties
Density
Density At Room Temperature
5.26 g/cm3
99+
22.59 g/cm3
9
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
5.13 g/cm3
99+
20.00 g/cm3
1
Tensile Strength
120.00 MPa
15
1,000.00 MPa
4
Viscosity
Not Available
Not Available
Vapor Pressure
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
19.40 (Pa)
4
Not Available
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
Not Available
0.00 (Pa)
28
Elasticity properties
Shear Modulus
7.90 GPa
99+
222.00 GPa
1
Bulk Modulus
8.30 GPa
99+
462.00 GPa
1
Young's Modulus
18.20 GPa
99+
Not Available
Poisson Ratio
0.15
34
0.25
24
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile
Ductile
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
Specific Gravity
5.24
99+
22.57
2
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic
Paramagnetic
Electrical Properties
Electrical Property
Conductor
Conductor
Resistivity
0.90 nΩ·m
99+
81.20 nΩ·m
35
Electrical Conductivity
0.01 106/cm Ω
99+
0.11 106/cm Ω
18
Electron Affinity
50.00 kJ/mol
21
106.10 kJ/mol
9
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.18 J/(kg K)
33
0.13 J/(kg K)
39
Molar Heat Capacity
27.66 J/mol·K
16
24.70 J/mol·K
99+
Thermal Conductivity
13.90 W/m·K
99+
87.60 W/m·K
19
Critical Temperature
Not Available
Not Available
Thermal Expansion
35.00 µm/(m·K)
8
5.10 µm/(m·K)
99+
Enthalpy
Enthalpy of Vaporization
143.50 kJ/mol
99+
627.60 kJ/mol
7
Enthalpy of Fusion
9.21 kJ/mol
37
29.30 kJ/mol
4
Enthalpy of Atomization
180.00 kJ/mol
99+
669.00 kJ/mol
6
Standard Molar Entropy
77.80 J/mol.K
4
32.60 J/mol.K
99+
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