Europium vs Neodymium
Periodic Table
Symbol
Eu
Nd
Group Number
Not Available
1
17
Period Number
6
6
Block
f block
f block
Element Family
Lanthanide
Lanthanide
CAS Number
7440531
34
7440008
99+
Space Group Name
Im_ 3m
P63/mmc
Space Group Number
229.00
1
194.00
5
Facts
Interesting Facts
Not Available
- Neodymium is not found free in nature, hence it is not a native metal.
- Neodymium metal found in minerals like Monazite and Bastnaesite.
Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals
Found in Minerals, Mining
History
Who Discovered
Eugène-Anatole Demarçay
Carl Auer von Welsbach
Discovery
In 1896
In 1885
Abundance
Abundance In Universe
5 * 10-8 %
27
1 * 10-6 %
16
Abundance In Sun
~0.00000005 %
27
~0.0000003 %
24
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %
99+
0.00 %
30
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %
36
0.00 %
20
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %
99+
0.00 %
30
Uses
Uses & Benefits
- Europium metals main uses is in the printing of euro banknotes. These notes glow red under UV light.
- It is used in low energy light bulbs.
- Neodymium-Iron-boron alloy is used to make permanent magnets.
- It is used in microphones, Mp3 player, loudspeakers, mobile phones, etc.
Industrial Uses
Chemical Industry
Aerospace Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
Medical Uses
NA
NA
Other Uses
Alloys
Alloys
Biological Properties
Toxicity
Non Toxic
Non Toxic
Present in Human Body
Yes
No
Physical Properties
Melting Point
822.00 °C
99+
1,010.00 °C
99+
Boiling Point
1,597.00 °C
99+
3,127.00 °C
28
Appearance
Physical State
Solid
Solid
Color
Silvery White
Silvery White
Luster
Lustrous
Metallic
Hardness
Brinell Hardness
Not Available
265.00 MPa
35
Vickers Hardness
167.00 MPa
34
345.00 MPa
27
Speed of Sound
Not Available
2,330.00 m/s
38
Optical Properties
Allotropes
No
No
α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Eu
Nd
Isotopes
Known Isotopes
31
8
30
9
Electronegativity
Pauling Electronegativity
1.20
39
1.14
99+
Sanderson Electronegativity
1.01
22
Not Available
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
Not Available
1.07
32
Electropositivity
Pauling Electropositivity
Not Available
2.86
13
Ionization Energies
1st Energy Level
547.10 kJ/mol
99+
533.10 kJ/mol
99+
2nd Energy Level
1,085.00 kJ/mol
99+
1,040.00 kJ/mol
99+
3rd Energy Level
2,404.00 kJ/mol
99+
2,130.00 kJ/mol
99+
4th Energy Level
4,120.00 kJ/mol
33
3,900.00 kJ/mol
99+
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.89 g/amp-hr
33
1.79 g/amp-hr
37
Electron Work Function
2.50 eV
99+
3.20 eV
34
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility
Chemical Stability, Corrosion, Flammable, Ionization
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
63
99+
60
99+
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f7 6s2
[Xe] 4f4 6s2
Crystal Structure
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)
Double Hexagonal Close Packed (DHCP)
Crystal Lattice
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100
DHCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Neodymium.jpg#100
Atom
Number of Protons
63
99+
60
99+
Number of Neutrons
89
38
84
40
Number of Electrons
63
99+
60
99+
Radius of an Atom
Atomic Radius
180.00 pm
14
181.00 pm
13
Covalent Radius
198.00 pm
13
201.00 pm
10
Van der Waals Radius
233.00 pm
18
229.00 pm
20
Atomic Weight
151.96 amu
99+
144.24 amu
99+
Atomic Volume
28.90 cm3/mol
8
20.60 cm3/mol
18
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
Valence Electron Potential
45.60 (-eV)
35
43.40 (-eV)
99+
Lattice Constant
458.10 pm
17
365.80 pm
30
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available
1.61
4
Mechanical Properties
Density
Density At Room Temperature
5.26 g/cm3
99+
7.01 g/cm3
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
5.13 g/cm3
99+
6.89 g/cm3
36
Tensile Strength
120.00 MPa
15
Not Available
Viscosity
Not Available
Not Available
Vapor Pressure
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
19.40 (Pa)
4
0.00 (Pa)
21
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
Not Available
101.00 (Pa)
2
Elasticity properties
Shear Modulus
7.90 GPa
99+
16.30 GPa
38
Bulk Modulus
8.30 GPa
99+
31.80 GPa
37
Young's Modulus
18.20 GPa
99+
41.40 GPa
40
Poisson Ratio
0.15
34
0.28
16
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile
NA
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
Specific Gravity
5.24
99+
7.00
99+
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic
Paramagnetic
Electrical Properties
Electrical Property
Conductor
NA
Resistivity
0.90 nΩ·m
99+
643.00 nΩ·m
6
Electrical Conductivity
0.01 106/cm Ω
99+
0.02 106/cm Ω
99+
Electron Affinity
50.00 kJ/mol
21
50.00 kJ/mol
21
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.18 J/(kg K)
33
0.19 J/(kg K)
32
Molar Heat Capacity
27.66 J/mol·K
16
27.45 J/mol·K
17
Thermal Conductivity
13.90 W/m·K
99+
16.50 W/m·K
99+
Critical Temperature
Not Available
Not Available
Thermal Expansion
35.00 µm/(m·K)
8
9.60 µm/(m·K)
99+
Enthalpy
Enthalpy of Vaporization
143.50 kJ/mol
99+
273.00 kJ/mol
34
Enthalpy of Fusion
9.21 kJ/mol
37
7.14 kJ/mol
99+
Enthalpy of Atomization
180.00 kJ/mol
99+
322.00 kJ/mol
32
Standard Molar Entropy
77.80 J/mol.K
4
71.50 J/mol.K
13
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