1 Facts
1.1 Interesting Facts
- Ruthenium element has been extracted from used nuclear fuel.
- Ruthenium metal also produces as a by-product of the Nickel mining.
- Cerium is a rare earth metal but still it is not rare at all.
- It’s non-toxic compound Cerium sulfide has a rich red color and it is used as a pigment.
- Cerium metal is also used in Flat screen TVs, light bulb, floodlights, etc.
1.2 Sources
By-product of Nickel Refining, Found in Minerals, Mining
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals
1.3 History
1.3.1 Who Discovered
Karl Ernst Claus
Martin Heinrich Klaproth, Jöns Jakob Berzelius, Wilhelm Hisinger
1.3.2 Discovery
1.4 Abundance
1.4.1 Abundance In Universe
4 * 10-7 %1 * 10-6 %
5E-09
0.11
1.4.2 Abundance In Sun
~0.0000005 %~0.0000004 %
1E-08
0.1
1.4.3 Abundance In Meteorites
1.4.4 Abundance In Earth's Crust
1.4.5 Abundance In Oceans
1.4.6 Abundance In Humans