1 Periodic Table
1.1 Symbol
1.2 Group Number
1.3 Period Number
2.3 Block
2.4 Element Family
Lanthanide
Transition Metal
2.5 CAS Number
744045154038812
7429905
54386242
2.6 Space Group Name
2.7 Space Group Number
4 Facts
4.1 Interesting Facts
- Cerium is a rare earth metal but still it is not rare at all.
- It’s non-toxic compound Cerium sulfide has a rich red color and it is used as a pigment.
- Cerium metal is also used in Flat screen TVs, light bulb, floodlights, etc.
- Seaborgium most stable isotope is Sg and it has 2.1 min of half- life.
- And other isotopes of Seaborgium have half-lives as short as 3 ms.
4.2 Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals
Synthetically Produced
4.3 History
4.3.1 Who Discovered
Martin Heinrich Klaproth, Jöns Jakob Berzelius, Wilhelm Hisinger
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
4.3.2 Discovery
4.4 Abundance
4.4.1 Abundance In Universe
4.5.1 Abundance In Sun
~0.0000004 %~-9999 %
1E-08
0.1
4.7.2 Abundance In Meteorites
4.7.4 Abundance In Earth's Crust
4.7.7 Abundance In Oceans
4.7.10 Abundance In Humans
5 Uses
5.1 Uses & Benefits
- It is used to include flints for cigarette lighters.
- Its compound Cerium (Ill) Oxide is used as a catalyst; it is put inside the walls of the oven as it prevents from the buildup of cooking residues.
- Currently known uses of Seaborgium metal are limited to research purpose only.
5.1.1 Industrial Uses
5.1.2 Medical Uses
5.1.3 Other Uses
5.2 Biological Properties
5.2.1 Toxicity
5.2.2 Present in Human Body
5.2.3 In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3NA
0
1970
5.3.3 In Bone
6 Physical
6.1 Melting Point
7.3 Boiling Point
7.5 Appearance
7.5.1 Physical State
7.5.2 Color
7.5.3 Luster
7.6 Hardness
7.6.1 Mohs Hardness
7.6.5 Brinell Hardness
7.6.9 Vickers Hardness
7.7 Speed of Sound
7.9 Optical Properties
7.9.1 Refractive Index
7.10.2 Reflectivity
7.13 Allotropes
7.13.1 α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
7.13.2 β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
7.13.3 γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
8 Chemical
8.1 Chemical Formula
8.2 Isotopes
8.2.1 Known Isotopes
9.2 Electronegativity
9.2.1 Pauling Electronegativity
9.2.3 Sanderson Electronegativity
9.5.3 Allred Rochow Electronegativity
9.5.6 Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
9.5.9 Allen Electronegativity
9.7 Electropositivity
9.7.1 Pauling Electropositivity
9.8 Ionization Energies
9.8.1 1st Energy Level
534.40 kJ/mol757.40 kJ/mol
375.7
26130
9.8.4 2nd Energy Level
1,050.00 kJ/mol1,732.90 kJ/mol
710.2162
28750
9.9.1 3rd Energy Level
1,949.00 kJ/mol2,483.50 kJ/mol
1600
34230
9.9.3 4th Energy Level
3,547.00 kJ/mol3,415.60 kJ/mol
2780
37066
9.10.2 5th Energy Level
6,325.00 kJ/mol4,561.80 kJ/mol
4305.2
97510
9.12.1 6th Energy Level
7,490.00 kJ/mol5,715.80 kJ/mol
5715.8
105800
9.12.3 7th Energy level
9.13.2 8th Energy Level
9.15.1 9th Energy Level
10.1.2 10th Energy Level
10.1.5 11th Energy Level
10.1.7 12th Energy Level
10.2.2 13th Energy Level
10.3.2 14th Energy Level
10.4.3 15th Energy Level
10.4.6 16th Energy Level
10.5.3 17th Energy Level
10.5.5 18th Energy Level
10.5.8 19th Energy Level
10.5.11 20th Energy Level
10.5.13 21st Energy Level
10.5.15 22nd Energy Level
10.6.2 23rd Energy Level
11.1.2 24th Energy Level
11.1.3 25th Energy Level
11.2.1 26th Energy Level
11.2.3 27th Energy Level
12.1.1 28th Energy Level
12.2.3 29th Energy Level
12.5.2 30th Energy Level
12.6 Electrochemical Equivalent
1.74 g/amp-hrNA
0.16812
8.3209
12.7 Electron Work Function
13.2 Other Chemical Properties
Chemical Stability, Anti Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility
NA
14 Atomic
14.1 Atomic Number
14.4 Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f1 5d1 6s2
[Rn] 5f14 6d2 7s2
14.5 Crystal Structure
Double Hexagonal Close Packed (DHCP)
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)
14.5.1 Crystal Lattice
14.6 Atom
14.6.1 Number of Protons
14.7.1 Number of Neutrons
14.9.1 Number of Electrons
14.11 Radius of an Atom
14.11.1 Atomic Radius
181.80 pm132.00 pm
112
265
14.12.1 Covalent Radius
204.00 pm143.00 pm
96
260
14.15.1 Van der Waals Radius
14.17 Atomic Weight
140.12 amu269.00 amu
6.94
294
14.20 Atomic Volume
20.67 cm3/molNA
1.39
71.07
15.2 Adjacent Atomic Numbers
15.2.1 Previous Element
15.2.2 Next Element
15.3 Valence Electron Potential
15.5 Lattice Constant
362.00 pmNA
228.58
891.25
15.6 Lattice Angles
15.8 Lattice C/A Ratio
16 Mechanical
16.1 Density
16.1.1 Density At Room Temperature
6.77 g/cm335.00 g/cm3
0.534
40.7
16.3.2 Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
16.4 Tensile Strength
16.6 Viscosity
16.7 Vapor Pressure
16.7.1 Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
16.7.3 Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
16.8 Elasticity properties
16.8.1 Shear Modulus
16.8.3 Bulk Modulus
16.9.1 Young's Modulus
17.2 Poisson Ratio
17.3 Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile, Malleable
Unknown
18 Magnetic
18.1 Magnetic Characteristics
18.1.1 Specific Gravity
18.1.3 Magnetic Ordering
18.1.4 Permeability
18.2.3 Susceptibility
18.3 Electrical Properties
18.3.1 Electrical Property
18.3.2 Resistivity
18.3.3 Electrical Conductivity
0.01 106/cm ΩNA
0.00666
0.63
18.3.5 Electron Affinity
20 Thermal
20.1 Specific Heat
20.3 Molar Heat Capacity
26.94 J/mol·KNA
16.443
62.7
20.5 Thermal Conductivity
20.7 Critical Temperature
20.9 Thermal Expansion
20.11 Enthalpy
20.11.1 Enthalpy of Vaporization
414.00 kJ/molNA
7.32
799.1
20.11.3 Enthalpy of Fusion
20.11.5 Enthalpy of Atomization
20.13 Standard Molar Entropy
72.00 J/mol.KNA
9.5
198.1