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Fermium vs Darmstadtium

Fermium
Darmstadtium
Darmstadtium vs Fermium


Periodic Table
Symbol
Fm  
Ds  
Group Number
3  
15
10  
8
Period Number
7  
7  
Block
f block  
d block  
Element Family
Actinide  
Probably Transition  
CAS Number
7440724  
19
54083771  
8
Space Group Name
-  
-  
Space Group Number
194.00  
7
166.00  
9
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Fermium metal is highly radioactive in nature.
  • Fermium is synthetically produced metal.
  
Darmstadtium is a synthetic element that is highly radioactive.  
Sources
Bombarding Pu-239 with Neutrons  
Synthetically Produced  
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory  
Gesellschaft für Schwerionenforschung  
Discovery
In 1952  
In 1994  
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
0.00 %  
35
0.00 %  
40
Abundance In Sun
0.00 %  
30
-  
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %  
99+
0.00 %  
99+
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %  
99+
-  
Abundance In Oceans
-  
-  
Abundance In Humans
-  
-  
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Currently known uses of Fermium metal are limited to research purpose only.
  
  • Currently known uses of Darmstadtium metal are limited to research purpose only. As only few atoms of this metal are produced.
  
Industrial Uses
-  
-  
Medical Uses
-  
-  
Other Uses
-  
Research Purposes  
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
-  
-  
Present in Human Body
No  
No  
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
40
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
40
In Bone
0.00 p.p.m.  
99+
0.00 p.p.m.  
99+
Physical
Melting Point
1,527.00 °C  
26
-  
Boiling Point
0.00 °C  
99+
0.00 °C  
99+
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid  
Solid  
Color
-  
-  
Luster
-  
Unknown Luster  
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
6.00  
6
6.00  
6
Brinell Hardness
500.00 MPa  
28
350.00 MPa  
36
Vickers Hardness
600.00 MPa  
28
500.00 MPa  
35
Speed of Sound
2,500.00 m/s  
99+
5,090.00 m/s  
13
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
1.30  
99+
1.30  
99+
Reflectivity
59.00 %  
24
50.00 %  
31
Allotropes
No  
No  
α Allotropes
-  
-  
β Allotropes
-  
-  
γ Allotropes
-  
-  
Chemical
Chemical Formula
Fm  
Ds  
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
18  
21
9  
29
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
1.30  
33
1.10  
99+
Sanderson Electronegativity
1.30  
25
1.30  
25
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.20  
28
1.10  
31
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
1.30  
33
1.10  
99+
Allen Electronegativity
1.30  
40
1.10  
99+
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.70  
22
2.20  
39
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
627.00 kJ/mol  
99+
955.20 kJ/mol  
5
2nd Energy Level
1,225.00 kJ/mol  
99+
1,891.10 kJ/mol  
16
3rd Energy Level
2,363.00 kJ/mol  
99+
3,029.60 kJ/mol  
25
4th Energy Level
3,792.00 kJ/mol  
99+
3,955.90 kJ/mol  
99+
5th Energy Level
6,270.00 kJ/mol  
39
5,113.70 kJ/mol  
99+
6th Energy Level
6,270.00 kJ/mol  
99+
10,700.00 kJ/mol  
12
7th Energy level
6,270.00 kJ/mol  
99+
3,540.00 kJ/mol  
99+
8th Energy Level
6,270.00 kJ/mol  
99+
6,630.00 kJ/mol  
40
9th Energy Level
7,040.00 kJ/mol  
33
7,180.00 kJ/mol  
29
10th Energy Level
6,270.00 kJ/mol  
99+
10,700.00 kJ/mol  
20
11th Energy Level
6,270.00 kJ/mol  
99+
3,540.00 kJ/mol  
99+
12th Energy Level
62,700.00 kJ/mol  
10
34,800.00 kJ/mol  
28
13th Energy Level
6,270.00 kJ/mol  
38
5,280.00 kJ/mol  
99+
14th Energy Level
6,270.00 kJ/mol  
27
1,130.00 kJ/mol  
99+
15th Energy Level
62,700.00 kJ/mol  
38
34,400.00 kJ/mol  
99+
16th Energy Level
62,700.00 kJ/mol  
28
34,800.00 kJ/mol  
99+
17th Energy Level
627.00 kJ/mol  
99+
1,139.00 kJ/mol  
18
18th Energy Level
6,270.00 kJ/mol  
40
1,080.00 kJ/mol  
99+
19th Energy Level
994.80 kJ/mol  
21
1,139.90 kJ/mol  
15
20th Energy Level
627.00 kJ/mol  
99+
0.00 kJ/mol  
99+
21st Energy Level
627.00 kJ/mol  
99+
1,080.00 kJ/mol  
32
22nd Energy Level
345.00 kJ/mol  
99+
350.00 kJ/mol  
99+
23rd Energy Level
6,270.00 kJ/mol  
14
1,100.00 kJ/mol  
35
24th Energy Level
627.60 kJ/mol  
38
565.80 kJ/mol  
99+
25th Energy Level
627.00 kJ/mol  
40
0.00 kJ/mol  
99+
26th Energy Level
627.60 kJ/mol  
39
582.30 kJ/mol  
99+
27th Energy Level
627.60 kJ/mol  
99+
0.00 kJ/mol  
99+
28th Energy Level
627.60 kJ/mol  
99+
1,130.00 kJ/mol  
4
29th Energy Level
627.60 kJ/mol  
99+
1,130.00 kJ/mol  
4
30th Energy Level
627.60 kJ/mol  
99+
663.20 kJ/mol  
33
Electrochemical Equivalent
3.20 g/amp-hr  
15
3.00 g/amp-hr  
21
Electron Work Function
4.47 eV  
21
4.90 eV  
12
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity  
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity  
Atomic
Atomic Number
100  
18
110  
8
Electron Configuration
[Rn] 5f12 7s2  
[Rn] 5f14 6d8 7s2  
Crystal Structure
Not Known  
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)  
Crystal Lattice
Unknown-Crystal-Structure-of-Fermium.jpg#100  
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100  
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
100  
18
110  
8
Number of Neutrons
157  
8
161  
4
Number of Electrons
100  
18
110  
8
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
180.00 pm  
16
132.00 pm  
99+
Covalent Radius
180.00 pm  
23
128.00 pm  
99+
Van der Waals Radius
245.00 pm  
13
0.00 pm  
99+
Atomic Weight
257.00 amu  
15
281.00 amu  
6
Atomic Volume
18.00 cm3/mol  
99+
20.50 cm3/mol  
29
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Einsteinium
  
Meitnerium
  
Next Element
Mendelevium
  
Roentgenium
  
Valence Electron Potential
0.00 (-eV)  
99+
0.00 (-eV)  
99+
Lattice Constant
350.00 pm  
99+
0.00 pm  
99+
Lattice Angles
-  
-  
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.63  
13
1.61  
19
Mechanical
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
9.70 g/cm3  
99+
35.00 g/cm3  
4
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
9.70 g/cm3  
99+
34.80 g/cm3  
5
Tensile Strength
0.10 MPa  
99+
0.10 MPa  
99+
Viscosity
0.00  
25
0.00  
25
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
22
0.00 (Pa)  
37
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
30
0.00 (Pa)  
37
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
30.00 GPa  
27
33.00 GPa  
23
Bulk Modulus
50.00 GPa  
24
38.00 GPa  
99+
Young's Modulus
0.00 GPa  
99+
0.00 GPa  
99+
Poisson Ratio
0.35  
9
0.25  
24
Other Mechanical Properties
-  
-  
Magnetic
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
9.70  
99+
34.80  
7
Magnetic Ordering
-  
-  
Permeability
0.00 H/m  
16
0.00 H/m  
17
Susceptibility
0.00  
24
0.00  
24
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
-  
-  
Resistivity
7.90 nΩ·m  
99+
8.30 nΩ·m  
99+
Electrical Conductivity
0.00 106/cm Ω  
99+
0.00 106/cm Ω  
99+
Electron Affinity
0.00 kJ/mol  
99+
-  
Thermal
Specific Heat
0.10 J/(kg K)  
99+
0.10 J/(kg K)  
99+
Molar Heat Capacity
27.00 J/mol·K  
29
27.30 J/mol·K  
23
Thermal Conductivity
0.00 W/m·K  
99+
0.00 W/m·K  
99+
Critical Temperature
1,323.00 K  
99+
1,323.00 K  
99+
Thermal Expansion
11.00 µm/(m·K)  
99+
12.90 µm/(m·K)  
38
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
319.20 kJ/mol  
99+
348.90 kJ/mol  
34
Enthalpy of Fusion
13.30 kJ/mol  
30
-  
Enthalpy of Atomization
-  
-  
Standard Molar Entropy
50.00 J/mol.K  
99+
57.00 J/mol.K  
30
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